Chọn tạo dòng cho phấn mới R50 và sử dụng trong tạo giống lúa hai dòng

KHOA HOC CONG NGHE

CHOIM TAO DOIMG CHO PHAIM IVIOl R5 0 V A SLT DLI G

TROIME TAO GidlMG LLIA HA I DOIMG

Vu Hdng Quang \ Nguydn Van Hoan'

TOM TA T

Sir dung dac diem nong sinh hgc cita gidng thap cay Daikoku Dwarf da chon tao dugc dong bo R50 co dang

lam ngin ddt bong d 3 cap, nit ngin ddt gie cap 2 da tao ra bong lua co s6 gie cap 1, 2 cao, nhieu hat/bong

ma van dam bao ty le chic/bong, cau tnic than tao ra kieu hinh thap cay mcri, vach than day, vung chai

chdng do tdt. Sir dung dong R50 trong cac to hgp lai vai cac dong TGMS da tao ra nhieu to hgp lai moi

dien hinh la to hgp Viet Lai 50. To hgp Viet Lai 50 co nhieu dac diem co ban la: Thdi gian sinh trudng ngin,

CO tidm nang nang suit cao, gieo cay dugc nhieu viing sinh thai va chat lucmg gao ngon.

Tir khoa: 135s, Daikoku Dwarf, Ida laf nua lim, R50, TGMS, Viet Lai 50.

LDATVANDE

Gien lim De Cudc (3 Tiem duge cic nhi khoa

hgc the gicM ting dyng tao ra cudc cich mang xanh

lan thii 2 vao nam 1970 (Yoshida, 1985) [8]. Trung

Qudc da sir dyng kieu hinh thip cay Ai Cudc Tir tao

ra cac gidng thip cay nhu Khang Dan, Q5...ed nang

suit cao. Cac nha nghien cim Trung Qudc, Nhat Bin

dang phan Icip cic ddng thip cay thude loai hinh

Daikoku Dwarf lam ngin ddt, tang sd hoa/bdng de

tao ra cic ddng lua thip cay ed tiem nang nang suit

cao. Vi vay, sii dyng kieu hinh thip eay lim ddng cho

phin phye vu cho cdng tic chgn tao gidng Ida lai 2

ddng li mdt yeu cau cap thiet.

Ngudn gien cua nhdm gidng Daikoku Dwarf la

ngudn vat lieu ca ban de phat trien gidng mdi cd tiem

nang nang suit eao (Reddy and Padma, 1976[9];

Nguydn Van Hoan, 2008[6]). Mitsunaga et al.

(1993) [7] nghien ciru 23 loai hinh thap cay khac

nhau gdm 9 gidng bmh thudng, 3 gidng thude loai

hinh semi-dwarf (bin lun) vi 11 gidng thay ddi kieu

hinh thip cay thuoc cic nhdm thip cay khic nhau.

Trong nghien cihi ve gien d-1 cua gidng Daikoku

Dwarf, Ashikari et al. (2003) [1] cho biet sy giim

chieu cao cay la do sy xuat hien GAS lim giam chieu

dii ddt thii 2 vi lam ngin hat. Ddng thdi, Mitsunaga

et al. (1993) [7] cdn cho biet sy keo dii cua ldng la sy

boat dgng cua GA3 (-I-GA/-GA) va sy san sinh ra a￾amilaza. Khi lai giiia gidng lua thap cay va gidng lua

cao cay cd cung sd ddt thi d Fl tinh trang cay cao la

trdi, con lai Fl cao ban hin dang hinh thap cay

nhung khdng cao cay nhu dang hinh cao ciia bd hoac

me chung (Beachell et al., 1975) [2]. Cic vat lieu kieu

hinh loai tren li do nhirng gien gay tic ddng keo

ngin ddt lai tuong ty nhu kieu hinh cua Daikoku

Dwarf. Ganashan et al. (1975) [5] cd nhan xet thanh

tyu ndng nghiep d Sri-Lanka li nhd sy ddng gdp cita

viec sir dyng 6 kieu gien d nhiing gidng khic nhau

nhu MI-273, IR-8, IR 20, Ai Cudc tii, Tainan -3 va

Heenati-310 trong dd gidng Heenati-310, li gidng

Indica cdn gidng Ai Cudc Tir, Tainan -3 li gidng lua

cii tien thuoc loai hinh Indica thap eay.

Vien Nghien ciiu Lua Trung Qudc da xic dinh

50 kieu hinh thap cay (Daikoku Dwarf) vi dang xay

dyng dinh hucjng khai thic trong ehucjng trinh chgn

gidng tuong lai. Trung Qudc xay dyng md hinh chpn

gidng lua lai nang suit sieu cao, trong dd cd mdt tieu

chi li md hinh kieu cay nghieng ve loai hinh thip cay

(Daikoku Dwarf) [9],[4],[6]. Chgn tao ddng cho

phan mdi R50 dugc img dyng kieu hinh thap cay mdi

nang suit cao cua Daikoku Dwarf li mdt hucmg di

mcM trong khai thic uu the lai cao cita cay lua.

II. VAT UEU VA PHUOniG PHAP NGHIEN CUU

LVatMu

Vat lieu nghien ciiu miu gidng: Daikoku Dwarf,

ddng da phdi chpn Ipc, gidng Q5, gidng CR203 vi

ddng me TGMS135s.

2. Phuong phap nghi6n ciiu

Thyc hien phep lai giiia ddng Daikoku Dwarf va

ddng da phdi chpn Ipc. Chpn loc theo phucmg phip

pedigree (phi he) va lien tuc chuyen vu theo sa dd

ducii day.

' Vien Nghien ciru Liia, Trudng DH Nong Nghiep, Ha Noi

44 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 -THANG l,,r n