Các bệnh do amiăng

Cac Denh do amiang

V*i

•» TS. PHAM VAN TAT

Ngay 26.6.2014, tai H6i thao "Amiang va siic khoe con

ngii6i" do Lien hidp cac Hoi Khoa hoc va Ky thuSt ViSt

Nam t6 chiic, hau hgt cac d^i bieu khdng ung h6 viSc

tid'p tuc s^ dung amiang trang lam vat lieu xay dUng vl

tat ca cac dang amiang d^u gSy ung thii d ngUcii.

Amiing dUdi dang tinh the

Amiang la ten goi chung

cua loai scfi khodng

silicat calci va magne,

khSng bi t^c dong ciia acid, khang

v6i Ilia cao, it dinh vdi nhau.

^•jtog difdc tn'ch tir md hay cac

^l^^cFng da, dUcTc sd dung trong

P^lving, d$t may hay san xuSit cac

dui^ cu gia dinh v^ c6ng nghidp.

NgUdi ta dung amiang llim "cdc￾Uing", day thCfng, vdi vdc chiu co

xfit hay nhi^t d? cao, mdy ep, bo

tMng, pit tOng, tam ldp b^ng fibro

xi mfing,...

?•• Ttt d^u the ky XX da xae dinh

moi lifin quan giiYa amiang vk suy

h6 hfiip gSy tijf vong do xd phoi.

Amiflng lk tdc nhSn phdt trien

ung thu phoi va mdng phoi

dfi A\sgc xde nh|in tit nhiJng

nftm 1960.

Cdc b$nh do amidng

Hit bui amifing trong mgt

tbdi gian ddi, amidng tich

tu trong phd' qudn gdy b^nh.

B$nh ndng nhe tiiy thugc vao

thdi gian phdi nhiSm (tir 5 -

30&flm).

N^u hit nhi4u, nong dd

wniang cdng cao, bgnh cdng

m^t hi§n adm vd ndng. Cac

•fli amifing trong bui tieh tu

t^i cdc phdn cud'i cua phd'

qudn vd cdc phe nang, tao

phan ijfng viem, thudng din

^en hi§n tUdng xd, dUdc goi

* b^nh byi amidng.

[Hudc & sCrc KH6E sd 505 (1.8.2014

Trong nhieu tru'dng hdp khdc,

cac Sdi amiang (co tinh sinh ung

thu eao) gay ung thU phdi, nhat Id d

nhflng cong nhdn lao ddng siJ dung

thude Id. Cac sdi amiang cung gdy

ung thit mang phdi.

Bi^u hi^n va phat trien b$nh

B§nh bui amidng xuat hien sau

3 dg^n 10 nam phdi nhilm. B^nh

bilu hign bdi khd thd, ban ddu chi

khd thd khi cd gdng, lao dong nang

nhgc, sau dd ca khi nghi ngdi cung

kho thd, bgi nhiem phe quan, ngdn

tay "diii trdng", cdc mdng tay chdn

ldi ldn, cd mdu xanh tim. Cdc ddu

hi§u ndy chflng td da suy hd hdp

vd sau dd Id suy tim mdn tinh.

Ddi khi, cdc dd'u hidu khdng phdi

Id ung thfl xud't hidn song song d

mdng phdi nhU: xd mdng phdi lan

toa, cdc mang d mdng phoi vd vidm

mdng phdi.

mdng phfii

Phdi vk mang phdi Ik dich

tdn cdng chinh cua amikng

Ung thfl phdi do bui amiang

khdng cd ddc tinh rieng bi^t

trong tridu chflng hay trong sU

tidn tridn ciia bdnh. Benh nay

dUdc cdng nhdn la mot benh nghe

nghidp. Nhflng, benh ehi xud't

hidn sau mdt thdi gian ddi phdi

nhiem vd thfldng di ddi vdi lam

dung thudc Id eho nen thigt thdi

cho ngfldi lao ddng, khd yeu cdu

dUdc bdi thudng.

Ung thfl mdng phdi bidu hi$n

bdi dau d ngflc vd viem mdng phdi

tdi nhiem. Day Id b§nh ung thu dfic

thii do bui amidng vi nd Ichdng 1§

thugc vdo vide hiit thudc Id.

Ch^n dodn

Ngodi ede dau hidu cho thdy suy

ho hd'p man tinh, ung thu phdi hay

hgnh d mdng phdi can phai Idm

them mdt sd xdt nghidm vd nhdt

Id xde dinh b^nh nhdn cd phdi

nhiem amidng.

Cdc xdt nghigm giup xde

dinh benh do bui amidng gdm

co: X quang, Scanner phdi, thuf

nghigm chflc ndng hd hdp vd

chflc ndng tim, dinh Ifldng cdc

chi dien ung thfl trong mdu,

tim Sdi amiang trong ddm

hay trong nfldc rfla phe' qudn

va tui phdi khi thflc hi^n soi

phe' quan.

Dieu tri

Bgnh bui amiang dfldc chfla

tri nhfl b^nh suy hd hdp mdn

tinh. Thdi gian sd'ng sdt ddi,

mdc dii b^nh rd't nang. Dieu tri

ung thu phdi do amiang cung

gidng nhfl cdc ung thu khdc.

Dieu tri ung thu mdng phdi ddc BS"