A case study of an investment bank in Malaysia

How does Project Risk Management Influence

a Successful IPO Project? A Case Study of an

Investment Bank in Malaysia.

Dissertation submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of

Master of Business Administration in Project Management

at Dublin Business School

Student Name: Sue Peng Tan

Student Number: 10313703

Supervised by: John Hewson

MBA in Project Management August 2016

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Declaration

Declaration: I, Sue Peng Tan, declare that this research is my original work and that it has

never been presented to any institution or university for the award of Degree or Diploma. In

addition, I have referenced correctly all literature and sources used in this work and this work

is fully compliant with the Dublin Business School’s academic honestly polity.

Signed: Sue Peng Tan

Date: 22

nd August 2016

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES.......................................................................................6

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.......................................................................................................9

ABSTRACT............................................................................................................................10

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................11

1.1 Background ....................................................................................................................11

1.2 Problem Statement .........................................................................................................13

1.3 Research Question and Objectives.................................................................................14

1.4 Importance of topic ........................................................................................................14

1.5 Approach ........................................................................................................................15

1.6 Dissertation Roadmap ....................................................................................................15

1.7 Limitations .....................................................................................................................15

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................16

2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................16

2.2 Initial Public Offering (IPO) ..........................................................................................17

2.3 Project Risk Management ..............................................................................................18

2.3.1 Risk Management Processes..............................................................................19

2.3.1.1 Project Management Institute ...........................................................................19

2.3.1.2 Larson and Gray................................................................................................21

2.3.1.3 Comparison between Project Management Institute and Larson and Gray’s

Risk Management Process............................................................................................22

2.3.2 Risk Breakdown Structure.......................................................................................23

2.3.3 Lesson Learned........................................................................................................24

2.3.4 Acceptance Levels of Risk Management in Asia....................................................25

2.4 Factors Contribute to Project Success............................................................................26

2.4.1 Senior Management’s Decision...............................................................................27

2.4.2 Role of Project Risk Management...........................................................................28

2.4.2.1 Ability of Project Manager ...............................................................................28

2.4.3 Timeliness................................................................................................................29

2.4.4 Communication .......................................................................................................29

2.4.5 Changes cause risk...................................................................................................31

2.5 Conclusion......................................................................................................................32

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY .......................................................................................33

3.1 Methodology Introduction..............................................................................................33

3.2 Research Design.............................................................................................................34

3.2.1 Research Philosophy................................................................................................34

3.2.1.1 Positivism..........................................................................................................34

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3.2.1.2 Interpretivism....................................................................................................35

3.2.2 Research Approach..................................................................................................36

3.2.3 Research Strategy ....................................................................................................37

3.2.3.1 Research Choice................................................................................................38

3.2.4 Sampling - Selecting Respondents..........................................................................39

3.2.5 Time Horizons.........................................................................................................42

3.3 Data Collection...............................................................................................................42

3.3.1 Primary Data Collection ..........................................................................................43

3.3.1.1 Face-to-face interview ......................................................................................44

3.3.1.2 Electronic Interviews........................................................................................45

3.3.2 Secondary Data Collection ......................................................................................47

3.4 Data Analysis Procedures ..............................................................................................47

3.5 Research Ethics..............................................................................................................48

CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS ........................................................................................49

4.1 Involvement of Project Manager in Project Risk Management of IPO .........................49

4.2 Involvement of Project Risk Management in IPO Project.............................................52

4.3 Risk Management Process in IPO..................................................................................53

4.3.1 Risks Identification..................................................................................................53

4.3.2 Risks Prevention......................................................................................................54

4.3.3 Risk Assessment......................................................................................................55

4.4 IPO Success....................................................................................................................55

4.5 IPO Success Factors.......................................................................................................56

4.6 Project Risks Management Practices .............................................................................56

CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION ................................................................................................58

5.1 Risks and Factors that Impact on IPO............................................................................59

5.2 Tools and technique used in identifying and accessing the risks in IPO project ...........61

5.3 Contribution of the Study...............................................................................................62

5.4 Limitation of Study ........................................................................................................62

CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ..........................................63

6.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................63

6.2 Conclusion......................................................................................................................63

6.3 Recommendations..........................................................................................................64

6.3.1 Researchers for Future Works.................................................................................64

6.3.2 Investment Bank ......................................................................................................64

REFLECTION ON LEARNING .........................................................................................65

BIBLIOGRAPHY..................................................................................................................72

APPENDICES........................................................................................................................78

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APPENDIX 1: Interview Questions.....................................................................................78

APPENDIX 2: Time Plan ....................................................................................................80

APPENDIX 3: Dissertation Meeting /Progress Monitoring Report: ...................................81

APPENDIX 4: Transcript for four interviewees through face to face interviews and one

interviewee through Facebook Messenger interview...........................................................87

APPENDIX 5: Information Sheet for Participants ............................................................103

APPENDIX 6: Informed Consent Form ............................................................................105

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LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

List of Tables

Table 2.1: Tools and Techniques used for the risk assessment process in PMBOK and Larson

and Gray’s risk management process (PMI, 2013, p. 312; Larson and Gray, 2011, p. 216-

218). .........................................................................................................................................23

Table 4.1: Perspectives about Involvement of a Project Manager in Project Risk

Management.............................................................................................................................51

Table 4.2: Summary of Responses about Project Risks Management Practice.......................58

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List of Figures

Figure 1.1: Number of new Listings and total number of listed companies from the year

2009-2016 (Bursa Malaysia, 2016)..........................................................................................12

Figure 1.2: Strategic life cycle of business ownership (Barclays, 2015, p. 4).........................13

Figure 1.3: Strategic wealth management for entrepreneurs and business owner’s process

(Barclays, 2015, p. 4)...............................................................................................................13

Figure 2.1: IPO journey from Pre-IPO to Post-IPO (PWC, 2016). .........................................18

Figure 2.2: Project Risk Management Process (Project Management Institute, 2013, p. 309)20

Figure 2.3: The Risk Management Process, Larson and Gray (2011, p. 213).........................21

Figure 2.4: Outline of Lesson Learned Process (Pharhi, 2009)...............................................24

Figure 3.1: The research ‘onion’ (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009, p. 108)...................34

Figure 3.2: Sampling techniques (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009, p. 213)...................39

Figure 3.3: selecting a probability sample (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009, p. 223)....40

Figure 3.4: Selecting a non-probability sampling technique (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill,

2009, p. 234). ...........................................................................................................................41

Figure 3.5: Forms of interview (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009, p. 321) .....................43

Figure 3.6: Forms of electronic interviews (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009, p. 350). ..46

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List of Abbreviations

CAPM Certified Associate in Project Management

CMSL New Capital Markets Services Licence

CMSRL New Capital Markets Services Representative’s Licence

EY Ernst & Young

IPO Initial Public Offering

MBA Master of Business Administration

PMBOK Project Management Body of Knowledge

PMI Project Management Institute

PMP Project Management Professional

PWC PricewaterhouseCoopers

SC Securities Commission Malaysia

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank Dublin Business School for providing me the opportunity to experience

on completing a dissertation, develop my knowledge and learning throughout the process.

I would like to thank my supervisor, John Hewson for his guidance throughout the

dissertation process. He ensured I was on the correct path and stayed focus by reviewing my

plan of action through email. By sharing his experience, he provided useful tips and

suggestions to enable me to overcome the stressful period in completing this project, such as

a mind-mapping method that helped me in breaking down the topic.

Besides that, I would like to thank the respondents who were willing and unwilling to take

part in the primary data collection for spending their precious times on looking on my

interview question and answer them. Knowledge and experiences that they shared mean a lot

to me, without them this research would not be completed. Their sharing of experiences has

also improved my understanding of project risk management on IPO project in the

investment bank. I also want to thank my ex-colleagues who help me to push the respondents

to respond to my project.

I would like to thank my partner-in-crime in Malaysia and Ireland. In Malaysia, the partner

would be my sister, Sue Woon during the ten days in Malaysia for data collections. We

burned the midnight oil together and provided encouragement to each other. She spent her

semester break on reading my drafts and stayed up till late night for me even though we have

seven hours difference between Ireland and Malaysia time. She patiently read and gave

comments on the draft of the dissertation. She also helped me in practicing the interview

through WhatsApp call before having a real interview with the interviewees in Malaysia.

For Ireland, it would be my best friend, Elaine Soong who accompanied me to study till late

night and contribute some ideas even though she always complained that she only knew

medicines studies but she still tried to support her during the stressful period. However, I

appreciated her help during house moving and she enabled me to enjoy being a student that

only needed to focus on study for the whole year. I would also express gratitude to my

classmates who support each other throughout the program.

I would like to thank Paul Taufee who made me change my mind to switch from MBA

general to MBA in Project Management as he inspired me that project management also

applied in financial industry. Last but not least, I would like to express my gratitude to my

family who supported and motivated me throughout the dissertation.

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ABSTRACT

In Malaysia, the initial public offering (IPO) market has seen some changes in 2016 due to

poor economic conditions. Project risk management practices in IPO projects by investment

bank are to be explored in this paper. This will be done to identify their positive impact on an

IPO project in Malaysia to understand the significance of the role of project risk management

in determining IPO success. The goal of the IPO is to obtain approval for it to be launched in

the stock exchange market. The objectives of this paper are to identify the factors impacting

on IPO processes and to understand the tools and techniques used in identifying and

accessing the risks in an IPO project. In this case study, primary data was collected

qualitatively with the corporate financiers in the investment bank. The findings show that the

participants from the investment bank practice project risk management unsystematically as

the participants lack project risk management knowledge. This study concluded that project

risk management contributes to IPO success. Positive relationships are established between

the corporate financiers and project risk management. Recommendations on involving a

project manager in the IPO and implementing the best project risk management practices in

an IPO through documentation are suggested by the researcher. Information on IPO project

risk management and the management practices in investment banks are presented through

this study and are able to lead to a more systematic way of handling risks in this industry.