Windows Azuren step by step

Windows Azure™

Step by Step

Windows Azure™

Step by Step

Roberto Brunetti

Published with the authorization of Microsoft Corporation by:

O’Reilly Media, Inc.

1005 Gravenstein Highway North

Sebastopol, California 95472

Copyright © 2011 by Roberto Brunetti

All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any

means without the written permission of the publisher.

ISBN: 978-0-7356-4972-9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 M 6 5 4 3 2 1

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Technical Reviewer: Brian Keller

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Cover Composition: Karen Montgomery

This book is dedicated to Barbara for her support in every important step of my life.

—Roberto

vii

Contents at a Glance

1 Introduction to Cloud Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2 Introduction to the Windows Azure Platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

3 Creating a Web Role Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

4 Windows Azure Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

5 Tables, Queues, and Worker Roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

6 Windows Azure Operating System Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

7 Building an AppFabric Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

8 WCF Data Services and OData . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

9 Using SQL Azure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

10 Accessing Azure Services from Everywhere................ 259

11 Application Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281

ix

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii

1 Introduction to Cloud Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Approaches to Cloud Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Infrastructure as a Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Software as a Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Platform as a Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Cloud Services Defined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Long-Term Vision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Windows Azure as a PaaS Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Great Opportunity for Small Businesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Great Opportunity for Big Businesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Windows Azure and Cloud Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

2 Introduction to the Windows Azure Platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

The Operating System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Service Creation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Windows Azure Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

The Worker Role . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

The Virtual Machine Role . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Windows Azure AppFabric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

The Service Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

The Access Control Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

SQL Azure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

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x Table of Contents

3 Creating a Web Role Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Software Development Kits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Windows Azure Tools for Visual Studio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Web Role Project Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

The Cloud Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Deployment to Windows Azure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Configuration and Upgrading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Service Definition File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Role Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Quick Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

4 Windows Azure Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Local Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

The Windows Azure Storage Account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Windows Azure Management Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Blob APIs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Quick Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

5 Tables, Queues, and Worker Roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

The Table Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

The Queue Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Quick Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

6 Windows Azure Operating System Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Live ID, Subscriptions, and Billing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

Affinity Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Content Delivery Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Quick Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Table of Contents xi

7 Building an AppFabric Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Windows Azure AppFabric Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Service Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

Direct Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

Bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

HTTP for Management URI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

Quick Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

8 WCF Data Services and OData . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

The Astoria Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

WCF Data Services (ADO.NET Data Services) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

The Building Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

WCF Data Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

Query and Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

Filtering, Sorting, and Pagination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

WCF Data Service Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

The .NET Framework Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

Security Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

Quick Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

9 Using SQL Azure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

SQL Azure Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

SQL Azure Database Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

Database Server Creation in the Cloud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238

SQL Azure Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

SQL Azure Relational Engine Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252

Existing Database Migration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253

SQL Azure Migration Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

Quick Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

xii Table of Contents

10 Accessing Azure Services from Everywhere................ 259

Creating the Storage Account Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

Accessing the Storage Account from PHP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272

Using HTTP and REST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

Quick Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

11 Application Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281

Characteristics of a Multitier Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281

The Data Access Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283

The Service Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303

xiii

Acknowledgments

A book is the result of the work of many people, but usually only the author name appears

on the cover.

First, I want to thank Vanni Boncinelli for his effort in reviewing all the chapters for both tech￾nical aspects and linguistic troubles. This is my first English-written book. Without him, the

editor would have rejected all the chapters.

I also want to thank Russell Jones for his patience in responding quickly and precisely to all of

my rookie questions and for supporting me from the beginning of this writing.

Many thanks go to Brian Keller: he has reviewed not only the text but every line of code two

times, because during the writing process Microsoft released the SDK 1.3, which was signifi￾cantly different from the previous version around configuration and the Visual Studio IDE

add-in. Brian also had to re-review all the portal screenshots, because the Windows Azure

user interface was completely redesigned in Silverlight as of January 2011.

One of the most important people to thank is Victoria Thulman, who guided me in the pro￾cess of copyediting all the chapters. Her patience with my mistakes and incorrect assump￾tions was immeasurable.

Gabriele Castellani and Giuseppe Guerrasio wrote the foreword and have supported me since

2008, when Microsoft first announced Windows Azure at PDC 08.

Fabio Santini and Mario Fontana have given me the opportunity to work with many Italian

Microsoft partners and with a wide range of application scenarios: you can find those experi￾ences reflected in many of this book’s pages.

Last, but not least, thanks to Paolo Pialorsi, who introduced me to Russell Jones one year ago.

Now, the book is complete: thanks again to all of you.