Vấn đề tài nguyên đồng bằng sông Cửu Long

Nghien cuti - Trao doi

Van fle tai nguyen 0ong b^ng song Cuiu Long O GS.TS. TRt/ONG GIANG LONG

Phd TSng Bien tip Tap chi Cdng sin

Ngudn tai nguyen v6 gia

Ndi den Ddng bIng sdng CCili

Long (DBSCL), ai cung biet dd la

mpt vung eanh tac ndng nghiep

giau tiem nang phat tridn bac nhat

ciia nadc ta. 65% didn tich tren

tdng sd hon 4 trieu hec-ta da't cOa

toan vung ed thd phat tridn ndng

nghiep. thCiy san va cay an trai,

eung vdi vung bai trieu chiem 1/2

trieu hec-ta. vijng phu sa mau md,

vijng ngap trung d 1(1 giae Long

Xuyen, Ddng Thap Madi, Tay

Nam Sdng Hau va ban dao Ca

Mau, hang trieu hec-ta dat lam

nghiep va amg ngap man... Dd la

ehaa ke hang nam, theo y kien

cQa eac nha khoa hpc, qua "chin

mieng rdng". sdng CIJTU Long

mang ve cho vung chau thd nay

hang trSm trieu tan phu sa va hdn

40 ngan ty met khdi nadc ngpt. Sg

hao phdng eCia thien nhien la dieu

kien ly tadng dd phat trien mpt

nen ndng nghiep toan dien.

Ben eanh nhCimg the manh

phat tridn ndng nghiep. ndi day

edn la tam diem eCia tuyen dadng

hang hai va hang khdng quoc te;

bd bidn dai hdn 700km va nhieu

con sdng Idn ket ndi eac trung

tam dd thj trong toan vung vdi ca

nadc va khu vgc Dong Nam A.

ndu dape tap trung dau ta, khu

vgc nay chac chan se trd thanh

eac cum dich vu cang bien va cae

diem trung chuydn hang khong

qudc te Idn ci!ia khu vgc.

Ngudn trijf lapng khoang san

rat phong phCi la Idi the eOa

DBSCL Theo nhOfng dO lieu mdi

nhat. be tram tich Cilu Long tiep

giap Ddng Nam Bd cd khoang 2

ty tan dau; bd tram tfch Nam Cdn

Sdn vdi tidm nang dg bao dja chat

khoang 3 ty tan dau quy ddi; bd

trdm tfch Thd Chu Ma Lai thudc

vjnh Thai Lan. phi'a Nam dao Phu

Qudc cd tra lapng khoang vai

tram trieu tan ddu, khf; 440 trieu

tan da vdi, khoang 450 trieu m^ da

Gra-nit. An-de-sit; set gach ngdi

tra lapng 10 tridu m^/nam, than

bun. ehCi ydu 6 U Minh cd khoang

370 trieu tan... va nhieu loai

khoang san khac cho phep di!i

dieu kien de phat trien nganh

cdng nghiep khai khoang, hda

dau, vat lieu xay dgng tam cd cOa

khu vgc, Day ehinh la ngudn ndi

Igc cho sg phat trien eCia cac

nganh cdng nghiep.

Nhumg thach thac cua qua

trinh phat trien

Mac du. ed Ipi the va rat giau

tiem nang, nhang DBSCL vin edn

dd nhieu bat cap.

Thd nhat, kinh te toan vijng

tang tradng nhanh. nhang phat

tridn theo chieu rpng, ehO yeu dga

vao khai thae cac Ipi the eiia tg

nhien, ehaa ed dieu kien tap trung

chd trpng dau ta phat trien theo

chieu sau. Cac san pham xuat

khau phan Idn dadi dang thd,

chaa dga tren nen tang gng dung

khoa hpc - cdng nghe eao, nha

edng ngh§ sinh hpe, cdng nghe

che bien va bao quan tl§n tidn, do

vay chat lapng va hieu qua san

xuat. kinh doanh thdp, kha nang

eanh tranh cCia cac san phim

hang hda tren thj tradng rat han

che. Thu ngan sach toan vung

giai doan 2005 - 2010, chi dap

gng 78,86% nhu cau chi cCia eac

dja phaong trong khu vgc.

Thd hai, phat trien ndng

nghiep la ITnh vgc cd nhieu Ipi thd,

nhang cd gidi hda ndng nghiep la

khau yeu. Cac nganh co khi phue

vu ndng nghiep chaa phat trien

taong xCfrig vdi nhu cau, ngudn

vo'n hd trp ndng dan mua sam

may mde, thiet bi phue vy san

xuat rat khd tiep can. Rieng trong

ITnh vgc thCiy Ipi, ITnh vgc can

dape au tien tap trung dau ta phat

tridn, edng tae quy hoaeh chung,

ngudn vd'n va chat lapng cae

cdng trinh hien cd rat dang bao

ddng (giai doan 2005 - 2010 vd'n

eho thOy Idi toan vung chi ed

46.000 ty dong - dg kien tg nay

den nam 2050 can khoang

171.700 ty ddng). Hien tai, vao

mua lu DBSCL cd den 1/2 dien

tfch bi ngap ung do 10 lut, vao

mua khd 1/3 dien tfch dat b| nadc

man xam nhap. Dd la chaa ke

den 28% dien tich dat nhilm

phen va 13% nhiem phen tiem

tang ra't can phai dape xCr ly bang

he thdng thCiy Ipi ddng bd, hien

dai. Kdt cau ha tang giao thdng

Tdi nguyen vd Moi tradng | Ky 2 - Thang 1/2013