Vấn đề phòng ngừa sự cố hàng hải nhằm kiểm soát ô nhiễm môi trường biển bằng pháp luật

NGHIEN Ciru - TRAO 001

v^N of PHdNG NGCTA SI/ c6 HAN 6 HAI

NHAM KIIM SOAT 6 NHIIM widi n\Jdm BIIN BANG PHAP LUAT

L Sy can thiet khach quan cua viec

phong ngua sy co hang hai nham kiem scat

6 nhiem moi truong bien bang phap luat

Hoat dgng hang hdi dugc hieu la boat

dgng diing phuong tien de chuyen chd ngudi

hoac vat bode cac loai hang boa tren bien

nham cdc myc dich khac nhau. Sy co hdng

hdi gdn lien vdi cdc boat dgng hang hdi vd

gay ra nhieu hdu qud nghiem trgng cho con

ngudi, cho he sinh vdl va cho moi trucmg,

dac biet la mdi trudng bien.

Phdng ngira sy cd hang hdi la viec cdc

chii the cdn kiem sodt mgi boat dgng ciia

minh nhdm ngdn ngira, khdng cho dieu bdt Icri

cd the xdy ra ddi vdi mdi tnrcmg bien, con

ngudi vd sinh vdl. Ndi cdch khde, phdng ngira

sy cd hang hai chinh la nham ban che viec

gay ra d nhiem mdi tnrdng bien va suy thodi

lai nguyen bien. Trong hoat dgng kiem soat 6

nhiem mdi trucmg ndi chung vd kiem soat 6

nhiem mdi trudng bien ndi rieng, viec phdng

ngira ludn cd y nghTa dac biet quan trgng.

Thual ngir phdng ngira dugc hieu la cdc boat

dgng dugc tien hdnh tir khi chua xdy ra d

nhiem mdi trucmg, suy thodi mdi trucmg hay

sy cd moi trudng. Neu de xay ra tinh trang 6

nhiem moi trudng bien, suy thodi tdi nguyen

bien hay sy co moi trudng bien thi viec gidi

quyet hdu qua se vo ciing phurc tap va ton

kem ve tien bac, thdi gian, cong sire cua cd

cdc CO quan nha nude, cac chu the co lien

quan va ngudi ddn. Tham chi trong nhieu

!(';ii

ThS. LUU NGOC TO TAM *

trucmg hcDp moi trudng cdn khong the phuc

hoi, de lai hdu qud ndng ne cho thien nhien,

con ngudi, he sinh vat hay moi trucmg bien.

Phdng ngira su co hang hdi nham kiem

soat 6 nhiem moi trudng bien dugc thuc hien

bang nhieu bien phdp khac nhau. Trong dieu

kien Viet Nam hien nay, phdng ngira sy co

hang hdi nham kiem sodt 6 nhiem moi trudng

bien bdng phap luat la bien phdp htru hieu

trudc mat ciing nhu ldu ddi. Dieu nay dugc li

gidi thdng qua cdc ngi dung cy the sau day:

Thu nhdt, nhirng tac dgng tieu eye ciia

cac sy cd hdng hai doi vdi moi trudng

Trong tien trinh giao luu quan he kinh te

qudc te loan cau hien nay, viec van chuyen

hdng hod quoc te bang duong bien ngay cang

trd nen pho bien va chiem ti trgng Icrn nhat so

vcri cdc loai phuong tien khac. Khong the phu

nhdn dugc nhirng gia tri kinh tl to ldn ma

boat dgng hang hai mang lai cho cong dong

quoc te ndi chung va cac quoc gia cd biln ndi

rieng trong viec thiet lap mdi quan he kinh te

qudc te, tang thu ngdn sach va ddng gdp vao

sy phat trien cua nen kinh te ciia cac quic gia.

Nhung dong thdi, nhu la tinh hai mat cua mot

van de, boat dgng hang hai da vd dang gdy ra

nhung hau qua rat nang nl cho moi trirdng,

dac biet la cac su co hang hai.

Sy CO bang hdi cd khd nang gdy 6 nhiem

moi trudng bien nghiem trgng, gay ra 6

* Giang vien Khoa phip luat kinh tl

Trudng Dai hgc Luat Ha Ngi

62 TAP CHl LUAT HOC SO 3/2011