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NG6 N NGtr & Bin S6N G sl 4 (246)-2016

NGON NGC VOI VAN CHLTONGI

VAN DE NGlTcn KE CHUYEN

TRONG DIEN NGON TRUYEN KE

THE NARRATOR IN THE NARRATTVE DISCOURSE

NGUYfiN THJ THU THtY

(TS; Dfi hfc Sir ph«m Hd Nfi)

Abstract: This article discusses about the narrator in the narrative discourse, compares

the narrator and implied author, focalizer, character, voice,...in order to find out possible

similarities and differences between of them. Also, we aim at defining the nairatoi in

recitation, which helps the reader to understand the writer s intention expressed in the text

easily and correctiy.

Key words: narrator; implied author; focalizer; narrative discouise.

1, Din nhf p gpi khdc nhau: NKC d ngdi thft nhit vd

Ngudi ki chuyfn ( NKC) Id vin di dugc

quan tam khd nhiiu trong nhihig ndm gin

ddy d cd ITnh vuc tu su hoc vd ngfin ngft hpc.

Tuy nhifin, trong nhiiu nghifin cftu vi ngudi

ke chuydn, vi^c xdc dinh nhdn v§t ndy cdn

gdp nhiiu vudng mdc vd fliiiu nhit qudn.

Trudc thuc te dd, bdi bdo ndy ciia chung tfii

muin ldm sdng td mot vdi diem then chit, tft

dd dua ra dugc mfit si cdn eft giup cho vi$c

xdc djnh NKC tiong truy$n ki dugc r5 rdng

vd nhit qudn.

2. M$t vai n^t ve ngirdi ke chuydn

2.J. Coi truyen ki la san phim cua hojit

dfing giao tiep bdng ngfin ngft thi NKC Id

ngudi ndi trong tdc phim, ngudi sft dyng cdc

phuong ti?n ngfin ngft de t ^ thdnh Idi ki,

hie NKC Id chu thi cua hdnh vi ki chuy$n.

2.2. NKC cftng vdi nhdn v^t vd dfic gid Id

nhftng yiu ti khong thi tiiiiu tiong mfit

imy^n ki. Ndi nhu Katie Wale thi "qud trinh

t\l svi it nhat cd ba nhdn vat khdi phat: nhdn

v$t (he), ngudi ki (I) va ngudi dgc (you)

hojc ki md ngudi ta ndi tdi (he - NTTT chii

fliich), ke ndi (I - NTTT chft fliich) vd ki md

ngudi ta ndi vdi (you - NTTT chu thich)"

[12 ]. Theo quan diim ndy cua Katie vd li

fliuyit giao tiep thi ro rdng ngudi ndi (NKC)

lufin lufin d ngoi thft nhit. Cho nfin mjc dil

cd nhiiu cdch phdn chia NKC vd nhiiu tfin

NKC d ngfii tiift'ba, NKC chiing nhdn, NKC

su quan, NKC todn tri,...[4] song d day

chiing tfii chi Ivra chgn thu$t ngft NKC hldng

minh vd NKC hdm in, d\ia vdo ± su xuit

hien cfta NKC xung "tfii" [7].

2.3. Ngirdi ki chuydn cd bdn chit ludng

thi, pha tgp vd da difn mgo

Theo Way C. Booth, "moi m^t tdc phim

deu chfta dii thoai hdm in gifta tdc gid -

NKC - nhdn vjt vd d^c gid. Vd m§t ttong so

lion ngudi ndy cd the dong nhit vdi mqt

ttong s6 nhihig ngudi kia" [6, ti.99]. Qua

khdo sdt tdc pham chiing tfii thiy nh^ djnli

ndy Id hit sftc xdc ddng. Tfty tftng ttuimg

hgp cy thi NKC c6 the cd nhfing "gomg

mjt", "di$n m?io" giing vdi nhihig ngiicii

khdc:

- NKC cd thi ding nhit vdi nhto vjt

tiong tiudng hgp Id NKC tudng mini.

Chdng han nhdn v$t Thuin tixmg Tudng vl

htm cua Nguyen Huy Tlii$p.

- NKC cd flii ding nhit vdi tdc gid htai

in trong trudng hgp Id NKC hdm in. Tic

gid hdm an ciing la ngudi to chftc vdn bdn,

chju ttdch nhi^m ve svr cd mjit hay sv v3ng

mat cua bO ph$n ndy hay bg ph$n khdc cia

chuyfn trong truyfn vd bdi hai con ngiiJi

nay dugc tdch ra khdi nhftng sif ki?n vi c6

J