Thuốc là điện tử hại hay vô hai?

Thuoc la dien tu

hqi ha\

hdi gian gin ddy, ngUdi ta quang cdo rat ram

rd, dac biet tren Internet, ve thud'c la dien tfl

(e-cigarettes tflc electronic cigarettes), Nhutig

ldi cd "canh" da to ve thuo'c la difin tfl Id sin phim

vd hai dem lai nhieu ldi ich cho ngUdi sfl dung va cd'

tinh lam md di viec chflng chua chu^g thuc khoa hpc

vl an toan vd hieu qua, NgUdi xem quang cao nhieu

khi khdng bie't mue dich dung thulc la difin tfl la de

di dfi'n cai ban thud'c la that chfl khdng phai tie'p tuc

phi pheo vdi die'u thud'c difin tfl trfin tay va tifi'p tuc

mai. Cau quang cao: "Thud'c la dien tfl se trd thanh

mdt van hda thud'c la lanh manh trong tUdng lai" xem

ra rat nguy hilm.

Nhieu ngudi deu bie't hut thud'c la la cd hai, Chinh

khoi thud'c la la thfl gay ddc hai khong chi cho ngudi

hflt nd ma cho ngUdi xung quanh hit phai no (gpi la

ngUdi hut thud'c Id thu dfing). Khdi thuoc la cd chfla

hang tram cha't dfic trong dd cd CO (carbon oxid la

khi rat dpc gay chfi't vdi lUdng ra't nhd), cac chat gay

ung thu (dac biet cd nhdm benzopyren gay ung thU

phdi, da, bang quang,,), Rieng nicotin chinh la cha't

gay nghifin va rat cd hai ve tim mach cho ngUdi hut

thuo'c la. Thud'c la hdng nam gay ton that bie't bao

nhifiu ngUdi tfl tin that do bfinh tat (hflt thud'c la

dupe ke la mpt thu pham nang ky gay benh phoi

tic nghen man tinh COPD) de'n tfl vong (theo thfi'ng

ke cua bang Los Angeles - My: hdng nam cd gan

500.000 ngudi My chfi't sdm do hut thud'c chii dpng

va thu dpng). Nghien thud'c la cung gio'ng nhU nghien

ma tfly, ra't khd bo. Mud'n cai thud'c la nhieu khi phai

bit budc dung thuo'c. Thud'c dung cai thud'c la cd dang

uong (Nicostop), nhung ngUdi ta thich dung dang bang

dan {Nicopatch, Nicoderm TTS) dan len da de thud'c

phdng thich nicotin xuyen da vao mau, Cdc thud'c cai

30

thud'c Id vu'a ke deu da trai qua nghifin ciJu dl chflng

thuc hieu qua vd an todn, dUdc cd quan FDA My chip

thuan dimg trong dilu tri.

Thuoc la dien tii r a diii nhU" the nao?

NgUdi nghien thul^c la trUdc he't la do nghifin

nicotin. Nicotin chinh la chd't gay nghien, nd gay cho

ngUdi sfl dung nd dai ngay sU lfi thudc bat budc phai

dflng tie'p, ne'u khdng se vat va khd chiu, ngUdi nghifin

thud'c la khong chi nghifin nicotin ma cdn nghien cung

each hut thud'c, tflc each rit hdi thufi'c la, nha khdi,

tay kep dieu thud'c. Thuoc Id difin tfl ra ddi ddp ilng

hai loai nghien nay: eung cip nicotin de chfla nghifin

do thieu nicotin va cd hinh dang, cau trflc gid'ng nhfl

dieu thuo'c that de ngUdi nghien phi phd rit hdi va

nha khdi trfing nhU hut thdt.

Gid'ng nhu dilu thud'c Id that, thuo'c la difin tfl cd

2 phan: dau Ipc chfla nicotin va hon hdp chat tao mui

thdm, thdn la 6'ng thay vi chfla thud'c la thUc chit Id

mpt thiet bi difin tfl khi kich hoat se phun hdn hdp

hdi dl di qua dau Ipc, hda tan nicotin va chat tao

mui thorn. Khi ngUdi hut rit hdi thud'c, hdi nicotin vd

mui thdm se vao mieng va hfi hfi hd'p nhu khdi thuoc.

Thud'c la difin tfl eung gid'ng nhfl thuo'c la thflc thu d

chfi dau die'u thud'c co den phat sdng mau dd, khi rit

thud'c, den chdy trdng nhU dim Ifla thdt vd diu dieu

thufi'c tda hdi trdng nhu lan khdi that.

Thud'c la dien til cd gay tac hai?

Ngudi nghifin hut thuo'c la do lfi thudc nicotin

khdng the dot ngpt dflt bo viec hut nen phai diing

bien phap cung cap nicotin dl rli giam dan viec eung

cap va di de'n chd duft bd, khong cin cung cap nicotin

nfla. Nfi'u xem dung thufi'c la dien tfl la bifin phdp dl

ngudi nghifin hut thuo'c la giam dan hflt roi eai bin

hut thufi'c thi vific dCing nd cd the chap nhan dUdc.

De cai bdng thud'c Id dien tfl, ngUdi nghien phii cd

sU quye't tdm, hflt thud'c la dien tfl trong mdt thdi

gian ngan, giam din tan so' va lilu lUdng hut, de

roi bo thud'c la hodn todn thi do la bifin phap tit.

Tuy nhifin, cho tdi nay ngUdi ta chUa thdt sU dinh

gia dUdc hieu qui va an toan cua hut thufi'c Id difin

tfl, Cd quan FDA My dd ra cinh bao ve sU thie'u thfl

nghifim ldm sdng khoa hpe chflng thUc do an todn

cua thud'c la dien tfl. Mpt so nude nhu tjc, (Canada va

Braxin nhdn tha'y thud'c la difin tfl cd hai nhieu hdn

cd ldi nfin da cam lUu hdnh sfl dung trong nude hp.

Ne'u suy xet ky, ta thd'y thuo'c la difin tfl cd thi

cd 3 vdn de khdng cd Ipi sau:

THUOC & SLfC KH6 E so 491 (01.01.2014)