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The Web Library : Building a World Class Personal Library with Free Web Resources
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The
Web
Library
i
ii This Page Intentionally Left Blank
Nicholas G. Tomaiuolo
Edited by Barbara Quint
Medford, New Jersey
Building a World Class Personal Library
with Free Web Resources
The
Web
Library
iii
First printing, 2004
The Web Library: Building a World Class Personal Library with Free
Web Resources
Copyright © 2004 by Nicholas G. Tomaiuolo
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or
by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and
retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher, except
by a reviewer, who may quote brief passages in a review. Published by
Information Today, Inc., 143 Old Marlton Pike, Medford, New Jersey 08055.
Publisher’s Note: The author and publisher have taken care in preparation
of this book but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and
assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed
for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out
of the use of the information or programs contained herein.
Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish
their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear
in this book and Information Today, Inc. was aware of a trademark claim, the
designations have been printed with initial capital letters.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in Publication Data
Tomaiuolo, Nicholas G., 1955–
The Web library : building a world class personal library with free
Web resources / Nicholas G. Tomaiuolo ; edited by Barbara Quint.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-910965-67-6
1. Computer network resources. 2. Online information services. 3.
Digital libraries. 4. Internet searching. 5. Web sites--Directories. 6.
Internet addresses--Directories. I. Quint, Barbara. II. Title.
ZA4150.T66 2003
025.04--dc22
2003015424
Printed and bound in the United States of America.
Publisher: Thomas H. Hogan, Sr.
Editor-in-Chief: John B. Bryans
Managing Editor: Deborah R. Poulson
Editorial Services Manager: Lauree Padgett
Copy Editor: Pat Hadley-Miller
Graphics Department Director: M. Heide Dengler
Book Designer: Kara Mia Jalkowski
Cover Designer: Ashlee Caruolo
Indexer: Enid Zafran
iv
Dedication
For Kristin, Ben, Vicki, and Carmen.
With love and thankfulness.
v
vi This Page Intentionally Left Blank
vii
Contents
Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
About the Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Foreword, by Steve Coffman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiii
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Chapter One
Free Articles and Indexes: Can You Afford
Not to Use Them? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Why It Pays to Listen to Mother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
An Illustrative Comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
More for Free . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Selected Collections of Digitized Journals . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Pointers to Online Collections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
A Word to the Wise (Librarian) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Online Magazines: A Close Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: Paul Katcher, Time.com . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: Katie Bacon, the Atlantic Unbound . . . . . 28
MagPortal.com: An Aggregator at Your Service . . . . . . . . . 33
Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: Bill Dimm, MagPortal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Other Aggregators and Portals for Online
Magazines and Journals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Just Help Me Find It! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Other Free Indexes to Help You Locate
Periodical Articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Staying Alert Without Caffeine, Exercise, or Meditation . . . . 49
viii The Web Library
Great Things Ahead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Use Your Library Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Sample Annual Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Chapter Two
All the News that Fits and a Few Gigs More . . . . . . . . . . 63
Here’s the Scoop on Newspaper Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Typical Newspaper Expenditures by Libraries and
Information Professionals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Free Model Is an International Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
What’s Online? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Wait—There’s More . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Behind the Scenes at a Newspaper Web Site . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: Gary Duchane, Hartford Courant . . . . . . 79
Broadcast Journalism News Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Alternate Approaches: Of Ananova and Weblogs . . . . . . . . 88
Giving News a Personal Spin: Weblogs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Locating the Blogs: Key Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Other Resources: Yesterday’s News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Using News Search Engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Setting Up News Updates and Newsletters . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Sports Newsletters and Alerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Newsletters and Breaking News at National and
Local Newspaper Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
A Free Service Becomes Fee-Based While Two New
Free Services Take Its Place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Create Your Own News Portal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
A Journalist Talks About Web News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: Richard Hanley, Quinnipiac University . . 105
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Sample Annual Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Chapter Three
Ready or Not: Reference on the Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
What Is a Reference Question? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
How Much Does It Cost to Answer Questions? . . . . . . . . 121
Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: William Katz, Librarian,
Educator, Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Consensus on Ready Reference Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
The Top Reference Sources in Print and Online . . . . . . . . 125
Frequently Used Reference Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Top Sources and Free Web Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Case Study: Sparknotes, Cliff Notes, and Masterplots . . . 145
One-Stops for Ready Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: Steven van Leeuwen, President,
Bartleby.com . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Notable Standalone Web Sites for Specific Subjects . . . . 149
Great Web Reference Sites—
Pick Two and Go with Them . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
The Observations of a Top Web Reference Librarian . . . . . 163
Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: Patricia Memmott, User Services
Coordinator, the Internet Public Library . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Sample Annual Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Supplementary Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
The “Alexa Toolbar” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Chapter Four
Reference Part II: Expert, AskA, and
Digital Reference Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
The Virtues of Web-Based Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
The Problems with Web-Based Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Ask-an-Expert Sites: The Good News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
The Nonlibrary Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
What Happens When Web-Based
Assistance Doesn’t Work? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
What Happens When Web-Based Assistance Works? . . . .190
Finding the Answer: Other Possible Solutions . . . . . . . . . . 191
The Library Answer Continuum: From “A”(synchronous)
to Live Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: Susan McGlamery, Coordinator of
Reference Services, Metropolitan Cooperative
Library System, Greater Los Angeles, California . . . . 197
The World’s Largest Library and Its Role in Virtual Q & A . . 202
Contents ix
Are You Affiliated with a Leading Edge Library? . . . . . . . . . 204
The Library Difference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Sample Annual Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Chapter Five
Books in the Web Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
How Much Time People Spend Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
How Much Money People Spend on Reading . . . . . . . . . . 213
Traditional Books, Electronic Texts, and
Electronic Books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Online E-Text Collections: Cornerstone of Your
Own Web Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: Gregory Newby, Project Gutenberg . . . 221
Free E-Text Collections and Catalogs on the
World Wide Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: Michael S. Hart, Founder,
Project Gutenberg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
Other Extraordinary E-Text/E-Book Resources . . . . . . . . . 232
Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: John Mark Ockerbloom, Founder,
the Online Books Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: David Moynihan, Creator,
Blackmask Online . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Sites for Electronic Books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Other Web Resources with Links to
E-Text/E-Book Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Online Electronic
Texts and Books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Interesting Developments in Electronic Books . . . . . . . . . . 250
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Sample Annual Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Supplementary Information: E-Book/E-Text Web Site
Annotated List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Chapter Six
When Image Is Everything . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Uses of Images from the Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
x The Web Library
Search Engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
What’s Wrong with This Picture? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Copyright Refresher for Image Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: Simon Kirwan, Professional Travel
Photographer, The-Lightbox,.com . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
Permit Me, S’il Vous Plaît . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Types of Image Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Key Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Examples of Image-Rich Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Image Services Requiring Payment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
How to “Grab” an Image from the Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Sample Annual Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Additional Reading for Individuals Considering
Images for Personal or Commercial Use . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Chapter Seven
Pixels at an Exhibition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
Exhibitions in the Physical World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
Online Collections, Galleries, and Exhibitions:
The Raison d’Etre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 ˆ Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: Allegra Burnette, Creative Director
of Digital Projects, the Museum of Modern Art . . . . . 295
Taking on the Devil’s Advocate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Sidebar: Behind the Scenes of MoMA’s
Online Exhibitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
Online Collections, Galleries, and Exhibitions:
The Distinctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
Uses of Online Exhibitions and Galleries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
Finding Online Collections, Galleries, and Exhibitions . . . . . 315
Sidebar: Insider’s Viewpoint from Your Web Library
Professional: Diane Shaw, Special Collections
Cataloger, Smithsonian Institution Libraries . . . . . . . . 321
On Your Own: Other Strategies for Locating
Online Exhibitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
A Little Nonsense Now and Then . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Contents xi
Taking Full Advantage of Online Collections,
Galleries, and Exhibitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Sample Annual Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
Chapter Eight
Software Keys to the Web Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
Basic Plug-Ins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
More Software for Books and Other Documents . . . . . . . 335
Multimedia Plug-Ins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
Toolbars—Coolbars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
The Alexa Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
The Wayback Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Take Me Way Back! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Disclaimers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
Popup Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
Two (Maybe Three?) Toolbars Are Better than One . . . . . . 346
Privacy Concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
Alternative Solutions for Netscape Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Alexa Snapshot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348
Your Personal Web Library Portal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
And While You’re At It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
Chapter Nine
Final Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
What Have You Gained? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
It’s Not Always About Money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
What May Never Be in the Web Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
Stay Tuned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
Appendix: Referenced Web Sites . . . . . . . . . . 361
About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
About the Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
xii The Web Library
Figures
Figure 1.1 Many magazine Web sites offer
content that updates on a daily basis . . . . . . . . . . 25
Figure 1.2 MagPortal’s retrieval for a keyword
search on “health maintenance
organizations.” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Figure 1.3 Ingenta provides flexible searching for
more than 27,000 periodical titles . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Figure 1.4 BINGO! This is as good as a bibliographic
database can get! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Figure 1.5 The ARC Advanced Search Form . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Figure 2.1 The Hartford Courant’s home page. The
online version of the “oldest continuously
published newspaper in America” features
in-depth stories that go beyond what had
appeared in the newsprint edition . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Figure 2.2 The Library & Information Science News
Weblog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Figure 2.3 MIT Media Lab’s “Blogdex” lists the most
“linked to” news . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Figure 4.1 Performing a keyword search to determine
relevant groups on the Usenet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
xiii
Figure 4.2 Viewing the recent messages from a Usenet
group discussing PalmPilots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Figure 4.3 QuestionPoint access at the Library of
Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Figure 4.4 Assorted icons indicating reference
assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Figure 4.5 As a result of a chat session with a live
librarian, the librarian has “pushed” the client’s
Web browser to a page from the Federal
Election Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Figure 5.1 Americans spend 91 hours per year reading
books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Figure 5.2 Book buying ranks third in media spending . . . . . 214
Figure 5.3 Project Gutenberg’s home page . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Figure 5.4 Bartleby.com: From internal links to
pronunciation to biographies, this free Web
site strives to add value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Figure 6.1 President Herbert Hoover, Henry Ford,
Thomas Edison, and Harvey Firestone at
Edison’s 82nd birthday. Ft. Myers, Florida,
February 11, 1929 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
Figure 6.2 King Tut’s “Golden Mask” from an educational
site where the author stated anyone could use
his images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
Figure 6.3 Himal Chuli, Manaslu & Peak 29, Nepal
Himalaya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Figure 6.4 The Leaning Tower, Pisa, Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
xiv The Web Library