The study recommends a number of technical measures to overcome the pollution to reuse the land for industrial park end of life (Bien Hoa 1) reasonably and sustainably :Master's thesis - Major : Sciences and management of the environment

THE JOINT ACADEMIC PROGRAM OF EXECUTIVE MASTER IN

SCIENCES AND MANAGEMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT

BETWEEN INDUSTRIAL UNIVERSITY OF HOCHIMINH CITY AND

LIÈGE UNIVERSITY

BUI HOAI NAM

THE STUDY RECOMMENDS A NUMBER OF

TECHNICAL MEASURES TO OVERCOME THE

POLLUTION TO REUSE THE LAND FOR

INDUSTRIAL PARK END OF LIFE (BIEN HOA 1)

REASONABLY AND SUSTAINABLY

Major: EXECUTIVE MASTER IN SCIENCES AND MANAGEMENT OF

THE ENVIRONMENT

MASTER’S THESIS

HOCHIMINH CITY, 2018

THE JOINT ACADEMIC PROGRAM OF EXECUTIVE MASTER IN

SCIENCES AND MANAGEMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT

BETWEEN INDUSTRIAL UNIVERSITY OF HOCHIMINH CITY AND

LIÈGE UNIVERSITY

BUI HOAI NAM

THE STUDY RECOMMENDS A NUMBER OF

TECHNICAL MEASURES TO OVERCOME THE

POLLUTION TO REUSE THE LAND FOR

INDUSTRIAL PARK END OF LIFE (BIEN HOA 1)

REASONABLY AND SUSTAINABLY

Major: EXECUTIVE MASTER IN SCIENCES AND MANAGEMENT OF

THE ENVIRONMENT

MASTER’S THESIS

HOCHIMINH CITY, 2018

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to express my gratitude to Prof. Le Huy Ba, Lecturer of the Faculty of

Environment - Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, has guided and helped

students during the process of creating a scientific research platform. The students

would like to thank all the teachers working at the Institute of Environmental Science,

Engineering and Management - Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City. During the

study and research period at the school, teachers are dedicated to teaching and

transmiting valuable specialized knowledge to help students complete the training

progamme and master thesis.

We sincerely thank all of the staff, Bien Hoa 1 Industrial Park management agency for

their support and assistance in helping them to survey and collect data. Students

express our gratitude to parents, brothers in the family, have encouraged, helped

students complete thesis; Thank you for your cooperation, IMES4 classmates who

have helped and accompanied me during our thesis.

I pledge the results achieved in my essay "the study recommends a number of

technical measures to overcome the pollution to reuse the land for industrial park end

of life (bien hoa 1) reasonably and sustainably" is the research by myself. In the whole

content of the thesis, things are presented either by myself or are aggregated from

many sources. The quoted data are clearly and reliably quoted, and the results

presented in the dissertation are true.

ABSTRACT

In the last few decades, Vietnam has developed its economy in the direction of

industrialization and modernization, and the industry is called for investment and

development priority. The development of industrial parks contributes importantly to

the creation of jobs, the training of human resources, the raising of incomes, the life

and the level of laborers.

However, in addition to the benefits brought by the industrial park, there are many

problems such as environmental pollution, security and order ... In particular, the

industrial park has use limit like other products. If there are no measures to deal with

the environmental problems that it leaves, it will greatly affect. Topic: "the study

recommends a number of technical measures to overcome the pollution to reuse the

land for industrial park end of life (bien hoa 1) reasonably and sustainably" for the

purpose of proposing measures to overcome soil environmental pollution and land

reuse for Bien Hoa 1Industrial Zone.

To carry out the contents of assessing the current status of the land environment from

wastewater sources, compiling the soil pollution maps, proposing pollution remedies

measures and measures for land re-use. By the method of scientific research: Method

of collecting and synthesizing, inheriting information and data; Method of survey,

field survey; Data processing methods;… The research has show the results of status

of soil environment through the following indicators: pH, TSS, COD, BOD... Thereby,

a map of the soil pollution of Bien Hoa 1 Industrial Zone was created, include: Heavy

metal pollution; Oil pollution; Industrial chemical pollution; Dioxin, furan pollution

Mixed pollution. Based on the current status of land pollution, propose appropriate

remedial measures for each contaminated area, and propose more appropriate and

sustainable land use measures.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................... 1

LIST OF FIGURES........................................................................................................ 2

INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................... 3

1. The reason for choosing the topic .............................................................................. 3

2. Objective..................................................................................................................... 4

2.1 General objectives .................................................................................................... 4

2.2 Specific objectives.................................................................................................... 4

3. Object and scope of the study..................................................................................... 4

4. The methodology........................................................................................................ 5

5. The meaning of the topic............................................................................................ 5

5.1 Scientific Significance.............................................................................................. 5

5.2 Practical significance................................................................................................ 5

CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF THE FIELD OF THE STUDY.................................... 6

1.1 Literature review....................................................................................................... 6

1.1.1 Industrial Zone life expectancy ............................................................................. 6

1.2.1Overview of research on industrial zone management in the world ...................... 6

1.3.1 Overview geographical research Bien Hoa 1 Industrial Zone .............................. 8

CHAPTER 2 THE THEORY OF THE STUDY.......................................................... 23

2.1 Researching contents and Methodology................................................................. 23

2.1.1 Contents............................................................................................................... 23

2.1.2 Methodology........................................................................................................ 24

CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH RESULTS......................................................................... 26

3.1 Environmental status of Bien Hoa 1 IZ.................................................................. 26

3.1.1 Status of surface water quality ............................................................................ 26

3.1.2 Status of wastewater quality................................................................................ 26

3.1.3 Results of groundwater quality analysis.............................................................. 32

3.1.4. Air of the industrial park .................................................................................... 33

3.2 Analysis some soil quality indicators in Bien Hoa 1 Industrial Zone ................... 34

3.3 Partition map of pollution in Bien Hoa 1 IZ .......................................................... 36

3.4 Status of Bien Hoa 1 Industrial Zone ..................................................................... 36

3.5 Conclusions ............................................................................................................ 37

3.6 Proposed method of overcoming the soil environment quality for Bien Hoa 1

Industrial Zone.............................................................................................................. 38

3.6.1 Concept................................................................................................................ 38

3.6.2 Classification of soil pollution............................................................................. 39

3.6.3 Source of pollution .............................................................................................. 40

3.6.4 Soil remediation methods.................................................................................... 42

3.7 Proposed method of conversion of land use in Bien Hoa 1 Industrial Zone.......... 61

3.7.1 Option 1: relocate Bien Hoa 1 Industrial Zone and build a new urban - service -

commercial area............................................................................................................ 62

3.7.2 Option 2: Cultivating riverine protection forest, ecological forest ..................... 73

3.7.3 Option 3: Rebuilding Bien Hoa 1 Industrial Zone into an environmentally

friendly industrial zone, proceeding to form an ecological industrial zone ................. 77

CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................ 95

CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................... 96

RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................. 96

REFERENCES ............................................................................................................. 98

APPENDICES............................................................................................................ 100

1

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.1 Industrial output value in 2011-2015 period [6] ...........................................16

Table 3.1 Companies exceed the target of receiving wastewater [16]..........................27

Table 3.2 Companies exceed the target of receiving wastewater [16]..........................28

Table 3.3 Wastewater analysis results of enterprises [16] ............................................30

Table 3.4 Analysis result [16] .......................................................................................30

Table 3.5 Analysis results [16]......................................................................................31

Table 3.6 Result of groundwater environment monitoring in neighboring households in

Bien Hoa 1 IZ [16].........................................................................................................32

Table 3.7 Observation results of ambient air environment [16]....................................33

Table 3.8 Location of soil sampling [17] ......................................................................34

Table 3.9 Analysis of soil quality in Bien Hoa 1 Industrial Zone [17].........................35

Table 3.10 The adaptability of vetiver grass [8] ...........................................................55

Table 3.11: Comparison of heavy metal tolerance in Vetiver and other grasses [8] ....57

Table 3.12 Land use planning statistics [6]...................................................................67

Table 3.13 Industrial symbiosis between factories in IZ [18].......................................90

2

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 Administrative map of Dong Nai province [6]............................................10

Figure 1.2 Current agricultural land use as of 31/12/2015 [6]......................................12

Figure 1.3 Non-agricultural land rates by 2015 [6].......................................................12

Figure 1.4 Graph showing average rainfall [6] .............................................................13

Figure 1.5 Graph showing the temperature over the years [6]......................................14

Figure 1.6 Comparative Chart of Industrial Production Value [6]................................16

Figure 1.7 Distribution of industry groups in industry [6]............................................17

Figure 1.8 Administrative map of Bien Hoa Industrial Zone I [8] ...............................19

Figures 2.1 Research methods [18] ...............................................................................24

3

INTRODUCTION

1. The reason for choosing the topic

The industrial zone was formed and developed in association with the renewal and

opening up of the national economy, starting with the purpose of building a

breakthrough model in attracting investment, to restructure the economy in the

direction of industrialization and modernization. The development of industrial parks

play an important role to play in the creation of jobs, the initiation of workforce

education. They will increase wages, and improve the quality of life of laborers.

In terms of the environment, the concentration of production facilities in industrial

zones is aimed at rational use of natural resources and energy, zoning for industrial

production in a given area, then improve not only the efficiency of natural resources

and energy use but also the efficient treatment of pollution sources while minimizing

the impact of environmental pollution caused by production activities on surrounding

residential areas. The concentration of production facilities in the industrial zones

enhances the efficiency of waste water treatment, solid waste ..., at the same time,

reduces investment costs for treatment systems and treatment cost per unit of waste. In

addition, the environmental management of production facilities in the industrial park

is also more convenient.

Because of the great contribution of industrial parks to the socio-economic

development and environmental protection of countries and regions in the world, the

development of industrial parks has become faster and has grown in both size and

quantity.

However, with a long history of ongoing development and the emergence of the

industrial zone use of more advanced technology, the elimination or closure of

industrial parks has been used many years with the old technology is inevitable, this

issue is a huge challenge for society by the environmental consequences of industrial

parks that were closed leaving, beacause of concentrating the production base in an

area where no waste water treatment system, no exhaust gas treatment systerm is like

concentration polluting sources of capital distributed on a place, the surrounding

population will severely affected than when dispersed factories. So if the consequences

of such pollution are not properly handled, then there will be very bad consequences

4

for the people in the area unless the utilization of land of industrial parks has expired

rationally and sustainably.

Typically in Vietnam is Bien Hoa 1 Industrial Park was formed in 1963, the first

industrial park in Vietnam, it is a model for many of Vietnam's industrial parks follow

study, was and still earn a lot about our country economic resources. However, after

more than 50 years of operation combined with the change in the law, planning and

environmental protection in our country increasingly more stringent; Moreover the

technology of the factories applications in industrial areas are outdated, leading to

serious environmental pollution in the region, especially the Dong Nai River basin. For

these reasons, the remediation of environmental pollution and land reuse of Bien Hoa

1 Industrial Park is absolutely necessary.

Therefore the topic "The study recommends a number of technical measures to

overcome the pollution to reuse the land for industrial park end of life (Bien Hoa 1)

reasonably and sustainably" is necessary, and plays an important role in overcoming

industrial pollution in Bien Hoa 1 industrial zone and the industrial zone end of life.

In addition, it also helps to manage land and reuse land reasonably and sustainably.

2. Objective

2.1 General objectives

- Measures to remedy environmental pollution industrial zones;

- Recommended measures appropriate reusable industrial zones land, ensure

sustainable development, in line with the economic development plans of the Dong

Nai society.

2.2 Specific objectives

- Assessment the environmental quality of Bien Hoa 1 Industrial Zone (soil, water, air)

- Proposed directions for dealing with soil pollution issues in Bien Hoa 1IZ;

- Recommend measures to land reuse for Bien Hoa 1 Industrial Zone reasonable and

sustainable.

3. Object and scope of the study

- Environment in Bien Hoa 1 Industrial Zone (soil, water, air);