The Praeger Handbook of Human Resource Management

THE PRAEGER HANDBOOK

OF HUMAN RESOURCE

MANAGEMENT

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The Praeger Handbook

of Human Resource

Management

Volume 1

Ann Gilley

Jerry W. Gilley

Scott A. Quatro

Pamela Dixon

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

The Praeger handbook of human resource management / edited by Ann Gilley ... [et al.].

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978–0–313–35015–3 ((set) : alk. paper) — ISBN 978–0–313–35017–7 ((vol. 1) : alk. paper) — ISBN

978–0–313–35019–1 ((vol. 2) : alk. paper)

1. Personnel management. I. Gilley, Ann Maycunich. II. Praeger Publishers. III. Title: Handbook of human

resource management. IV. Title: Human resource management.

HF5549.P73 2009

658.3—dc22 2008034634

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available.

Copyright  2009 by Ann Gilley, Jerry W. Gilley, Scott A. Quatro, and Pamela Dixon

All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be

reproduced, by any process or technique, without the

express written consent of the publisher.

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2008034634

ISBN: 978–0–313–35015–3 (set)

978–0–313–35017–7 (Vol. 1)

978–0–313–35019–1 (Vol. 2)

First published in 2009

Praeger Publishers, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881

An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.

www.praeger.com

Printed in the United States of America

The paper used in this book complies with the

Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National

Information Standards Organization (Z39.48–1984).

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

For my family and friends, who inspire me daily—especially my husband, Jerry and my

mother, Connie. And for those who guide me in spirit—Ann, Richard, Sig, and Bert.

Ann Gilley

For my best friend, Ann, and for our girls—Lakota Sioux, Pepper Lee, and Abby Rose.

You are the sweetness in my life.

Jerry W. Gilley

First, I must acknowledge my colleagues and co-editors Jerry Gilley, Pam Dixon, and

especially Ann Gilley. Ann, you took on an incredibly complex project and brought it

to a successful completion, and managed to remain gracious in the heat of the battle.

Thanks for the opportunity to contribute to the project.

I also wish to acknowledge the academic leadership at Covenant College, specifically my

Department Chair Chris Dodson, for ensuring that I had adequate course release time

to take on this project.

Lastly, I dedicate my efforts on this book to my wife Jamie, and to the ‘‘Quattro, Quatro’’

kids—McKenna, Keaton, Hallie-Blair, and Hudson. You are the ‘‘face of God’’ to me.

Scott A. Quatro

For my mother, Mary, who taught me the meaning of perseverance, sacrifice, creativity,

and generosity.

Pamela Dixon

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Contents

VOLUME ONE

Preface xv

Part I. HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES

1

Chapter 1. Recruiting and Selection

3

Staffing: An Overview

3

Ability Inventories

7

Assessment Center

9

Background Investigation 11

Behavior Inventory 12

Campus Recruiting 13

Employee Referral Programs 15

Employment Testing 17

Interviewing 19

Job Description 21

Job Posting 24

Negligent Hiring 26

Polygraph Test 27

Recruiting 29

References 31

Resume 33

Selection 35

Talent Inventory 37

Chapter 2. Employee Development 41

Employee Development: An Overview 41

Action Plan 42

Appreciative Inquiry 44

Burnout 46

Career Planning and Development 47

Career Resource Center 52

Coaching 53

Computer-Based Training 56

Continuous Improvement Plan 58

Corporate University 61

Cross-Training 64

Delegation 67

Emotional Intelligence 69

Goal Setting 71

Human Resource Development 73

Interactive Video Training (IVT) 76

Job Sharing 77

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 81

Mentoring 83

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator 85

New Employee Orientation 87

On-the-Job Training 90

Performance Aids 93

Performance Coaching 95

Productivity Improvement Plan 98

Professional Certification 102

Socialization 105

Training 108

Training Evaluation 110

Chapter 3. Performance Management 113

Performance Management: An Overview 113

Developmental Evaluations 116

Evaluation 119

Exit Interview 122

Feedback 124

Forced Ranking Evaluation 126

Motivation 129

Performance Analysis 131

Performance Appraisals 132

Performance Consulting 135

Performance Management Systems 137

Performance Standards 140

Promotion 143

Retention 144

360-Degree Feedback 146

Chapter 4. Compensation, Benefits, and Insurance 149

Compensation: An Overview 149

Absences 155

Benefits 156

Bonuses 158

Cafeteria Benefit Plans 160

Child and Elder Care 161

Compensation 163

Deferred Compensation 165

Disability Insurance 166

Domestic Partner Benefits 168

viii CONTENTS

Employee Assistance Programs 170

Employee Stock Option Plan (ESOP) 171

401(k) Plans 172

Gainsharing and Profit Sharing 175

Garnishment 177

Health Care Plans 179

HIPAA 183

Insurance 184

Merit Pay 186

Pay for Performance 187

Payroll 190

Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation 192

Pension Plans 195

Retirement 198

Salary Benchmarking 200

Scanlon Plan 203

Simplified Employee Pension (SEP)/Simple Plans 206

Severance Pay 207

Skill-based Pay 209

Unemployment Compensation 211

Vacation and Holiday Policies 213

Wellness Programs 215

Chapter 5. Employment Law 219

Employment Law: An Overview 219

Affirmative Action 225

Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) 227

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) 229

Bona Fide Occupational Qualification (BFOQ) 231

Child Labor 232

Civil Rights Acts of 1964 and 1991 234

COBRA 236

Defamation 238

Disparate Treatment/Disparate Impact 240

Drug-Free Workplace Act 242

Employee Polygraph Protection Act (EPPA) 243

Employee Right-to-Know Law 243

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) 245

Equal Pay Act 246

ERISA 248

Fair Credit Reporting Act 249

Fair Labor Standards Act 251

Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) 253

Fifth Amendment 255

Four-fifths Rule 257

Fourteenth Amendment 259

Fourth Amendment 261

CONTENTS ix

Freedom of Information Act 263

Gay Partner Rights 266

Good Faith 266

Harassment 268

H1B Visas 270

I-9 Forms 272

Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) 274

Jury Duty Leave 276

Labor-Management Relations (Taft-Hartley) Act 277

Military Leave 280

Minimum Wage 281

National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) 282

Norris-LaGuardia Act 284

Occupational Safety and Health Act 285

Older Workers Benefit Protection Act 287

Pension Protection Act of 2006 288

Preferential Treatment 290

Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA) 292

Prima Facie 294

Privacy Act 296

Protected Classification 298

Railway Labor Act 300

Reasonable Accommodation 302

Record Retention Laws 304

Retaliation 306

Social Security Act 308

Trade Adjustment Assistance Act of 2002 310

Undue Hardship 311

Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Act 312

Vocational Rehabilitation Act 314

WARN Act 315

Whistle-blowing 318

Workers’ Compensation 319

Workplace Privacy 323

Wrongful Termination/Discharge 325

VOLUME TWO

Part II. ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES 327

Chapter 6. Leadership and Strategy 329

Leadership: An Overview 329

Competitive Advantage 333

Executive Coaching 335

Leadership Development 337

Leadership Theories 339

x CONTENTS

Managerial Malpractice 342

Scenario Planning 345

Short-term Executive 347

Strategic Communication 350

Strategic Planning 353

Succession Planning 354

SWOT Analysis 356

Vision, Mission, Goals, and Objectives 357

Chapter 7. Organizational Development and Change 361

Organizational Development and Change: An Overview 361

Change Management 368

Innovation 370

Internal/External Consulting 372

Organizational Development 374

Organizational Immune System 376

Chapter 8. Organizational Behavior 379

Organizational Behavior: An Overview 379

Agile Organization 380

Community of Practice 382

Conflict Resolution 384

Crisis Management 387

Culture 388

Developmental Organizations 390

Diversity 393

Employee Empowerment Program 395

Employee Relations 397

Ethics 401

Job Satisfaction 402

Knowledge Transfer 404

Learning Organizations 406

Managerial Communication 407

Needs Analysis 409

Quality Circles 410

Religion and Spirituality in the Workplace 412

Self-directed Work Teams 415

Sexual Harassment 417

Talent Management 418

Teams and Teamwork 420

Turnover 422

Part III. GENERAL HR ISSUES 425

General HR: An Overview 427

Documentation 427

Employment Agencies, Search Firms, and Headhunters 429

Field vs. Corporate HR 431

Forecasting 433

CONTENTS xi

Homeland Security 435

HR Competencies 438

HR Compliance 440

HRIS 441

HR Metrics 443

HR Strategy 445

HR Trends 451

Human Capital 453

Innovation in Human Resources 455

International Human Resource Management 457

Interns 460

Job Analysis 462

Job Design 465

Knowledge Management 467

Mergers and Acquisitions 468

Organizational Design 472

PHR/SPHR Designations 475

Project Management 477

Safety 479

Work-Life Balance 481

Workplace Justice 483

Workplace Violence 484

Part IV. HR POLICY 489

Arbitration 491

Bargaining Unit 493

Collective Bargaining 495

Comparable Worth 497

Disaster Recovery Plan 498

Disciplinary Procedures 501

Dress Code 503

E-mail/Internet Policy 505

Emergency Preparedness 506

Employee Attitude Survey 508

Employee Handbook 509

Employment-at-Will 511

Exempt-Nonexempt Employee 513

Flextime 516

Grievance 517

Independent Contractors 518

Labor Unions 520

Layoffs and Downsizing 522

Mediation 525

Negotiation 526

Ombudsman 529

Outsourcing 531

Overtime 534

xii CONTENTS

PTO (Paid Time Off ) Bank 535

Security 536

Separation Agreements 538

Substance Abuse 539

Suggestion Systems 541

Surveillance 543

Telecommuting 544

Temporary/Seasonal Employees 547

Termination 549

Trade Secrets (Intellectual Property) 551

Travel 553

Part V. CHECKLISTS AND TOOLS 557

Change Management 561

Strategy 568

Performance 573

Communications/Planning 583

HR Practice 588

Part VI. RESOURCES 599

Articles 601

Books 604

Journals and Magazines 611

Organizations 613

Web Sites 618

Index 625

About the Editors and Contributors 639

CONTENTS xiii

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