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The little data book
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LITTLE DATA BOOK The World Bank
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-82
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3-5733
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6 04 04 LITTLE DATA
BOOK
The World Bank
TLFeBOOK
LITTLE DATA 2004 BOOK
The World Bank
TLFeBOOK
Copyright ©2004 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development/THE WORLD BANK
1818 H Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A.
All rights reserved
Manufactured in the United States of America
First printing April 2004
The Little Data Book 2004 is a product of the Development Data Group of the
World Bank’s Development Economics Vice Presidency.
Editing, design, and layout by Meta de Coquereaumont, Elizabeth McCrocklin,
and Elaine Wilson of Communications Development Incorporated, Washington,
D.C. Cover design by Grundy & Northedge, London.
TLFeBOOK
Contents
Data notes
6
Regional tables
World
8
East Asia and the Pacific
9
Europe and Central Asia 10
Latin America and the Caribbean 11
Middle East and North Africa 12
South Asia 13
Sub-Saharan Africa 14
Income group tables
Low income 16
Middle income 17
Lower middle income 18
Upper middle income 19
Low and middle income 20
Europe EMU 21
High income 22
Country tables (in alphabetical order) 24
Glossary 232
2004 Little Data Book 3
TLFeBOOK
TLFeBOOK
The Little Data Book 2004 is a pocket edition of World Development
Indicators. It is intended as a quick reference for users of World Development
Indicators 2004, the World Development Indicators 2004 CD-ROM, and WDI
Online, our electronic subscription database, which between them cover more
than 600 indicators and span 40 years.
The 207 country pages in The Little Data Book present the latest available
data for World Bank member countries and other economies with populations
of more than 30,000. The 14 summary pages cover regional and income
group aggregates.
For more information about these data or other World Bank data publications, visit our data Web site at www.worldbank.org/data, email us at
[email protected], or call our data hotline at 800-590-1906 or 202-473-
7824, fax 202-522-1498.
To order World Development Indicators 2004 or the World Development
Indicators 2004 CD-ROM, visit the publications Web site at www.worldbank.org/
publications or call 800-645-7247 or 703-661-1580, fax 703-661-1501.
2004 Little Data Book 5
TLFeBOOK
Data notes
The data in this book are for 1990, 2001, and 2002 or the most recent year
for which data are available unless otherwise noted in the glossary.
• Growth rates are proportional changes from the previous year unless
otherwise noted.
• Regional aggregates include data for low- and middle-income
economies only.
• Figures in italics indicate data for years or periods other than those
specified.
Symbols used:
.. means that data are not available or that aggregates cannot be
calculated because of missing data.
0 or 0.0 means zero or less than half the unit shown.
$ means current U.S. dollars.
Data are shown for economies with populations greater than 30,000, and for
smaller economies if they are members of the World Bank. The term country
(used interchangeably with economy) does not imply political independence
or official recognition by the World Bank, but refers to any economy for which
the authorities report separate social or economic statistics.
Like World Development Indicators 2004, this edition of The Little Data Book uses
terminology in line with the 1993 System of National Accounts (SNA). In particular, gross national product (GNP) is replaced by gross national income (GNI).
Since 2003 the selection of indicators in these pages has been updated to
include some of those being used to monitor progress toward the Millennium
Development Goals. For more information about the eight goals—halving
poverty and increasing well-being by 2015—please visit our Web site at
www.worldbank.org/goals or see the other books in the World Development
Indicators series.
6 2004 Little Data Book
TLFeBOOK
Regional tables
The country composition of regions is based on the World Bank’s analytical
regions and may differ from common geographic usage.
East Asia and Pacific
American Samoa, Cambodia, China, Fiji, Indonesia, Kiribati, Korea, Dem.
Rep., Lao PDR, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Fed. Sts.,
Mongolia, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea,
Philippines, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga,
Vanuatu, Vietnam
Europe and Central Asia
Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz
Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, FYR, Moldova, Poland, Romania,
Russian Federation, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovak Republic, Tajikistan,
Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
Latin America and Caribbean
Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil,
Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic,
Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,
Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, St. Kitts and Nevis,
St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago,
Uruguay, Venezuela, RB
Middle East and North Africa
Algeria, Djibouti, Egypt, Arab Rep., Iran, Islamic Rep., Iraq, Jordan,
Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Syrian Arab Republic,
Tunisia, West Bank and Gaza, Yemen, Rep.
South Asia
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri
Lanka
Sub-Saharan Africa
Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde,
Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Dem. Rep., Congo, Rep.,
Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia,
Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Mozambique, Namibia,
Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, São Tomé and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo,
Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
2004 Little Data Book 7
TLFeBOOK
1.2
World
Population (millions) 6,199 Population growth (%)
Surface area (1,000 sq. km) 133,744 National poverty rate (% pop.) ..
GNI ($ billions) 31,720 GNI per capita ($) 5,120
People
Life expectancy at birth (years)
Fertility rate (births per woman)
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 children)
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
Child malnutrition, weight for age (% of under age 5)
Child immunization, measles (% of ages 12–23 mos.)
HIV prevalence rate, female (% of ages 15–24)
Literacy, total (% of ages 15 and older)
Literacy, female (% of ages 15 and older)
Primary completion rate, total (% of age group)
Primary completion rate, female (% of age group)
Net primary enrollment (% of age group)
Net secondary enrollment (% of age group)
1990 2001 2002
65 66 67
3.1 2.7 2.6
64 57 55
95 83 81
60
.. .. ..
72 73 72
.. 1.34 ..
71 77 78
63 71 71
.. .. ..
.. .. ..
.. 88 ..
.. .. ..
Environment
Forests (1,000 sq. km) 39,430 38,480 ..
Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2000) 0.2
Freshwater use (% of total resources)
Carbon dioxide emissions (metric tons per capita) 4.1 3.8 ..
Access to improved water source (% of total pop.) 74 81 ..
Access to improved sanitation (% of urban pop.) 75 81 ..
Energy use per capita (kg of oil equivalent) 1,677 1,686 ..
Electricity use per capita (kilowatt-hours) 1,744 2,159 ..
Economy
GDP ($ billions) 21,676 31,192 32,312
GDP growth (annual %) 2.9 1.3 1.9
GDP implicit price deflator (annual % growth) .. .. ..
Value added in agriculture (% of GDP) 5 4 ..
Value added in industry (% of GDP) 34 29 ..
Value added in services (% of GDP) 60 68 ..
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 19 24 24
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 19 24 23
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) 24 21 20
Central government revenues (% of GDP) 22.7 24.8 ..
Overall budget balance (% of GDP) –2.8 –1.0 ..
Technology and infrastructure
Fixed line and mobile subscribers (per 1,000 people) 100 263 286
Cost of 3-minute local call ($) 0.06 0.06 0.06
Personal computers (per 1,000 people) 25.1 89.1 100.8
Internet users (per 1,000 people) 2 106 131
Paved roads (% of total) 37.5 44.0 ..
Aircraft departures (thousands) 14,641 26,640 20,481
Trade and finance
Trade in goods as share of GDP (%)
Trade growth less GDP growth (avg. %, 1990–2002)
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
Net barter terms of trade (1995 = 100)
Foreign direct investment ($ billions)
Present value of debt ($ millions)
Total debt service (% of goods and services exports)
Short-term debt ($ millions)
Aid per capita ($)
32.5
17
..
202
..
..
11
40.2
22
..
791
..
..
10
40.3
..
21
..
631
..
..
..
11
2004 Little Data Book
6.4
8
TLFeBOOK
East Asia & Pacific
Population (millions) 1,838 Population growth (%) 0.9
Surface area (1,000 sq. km) 16,301 National poverty rate (% pop.) ..
GNI ($ millions) 1,768 GNI per capita ($) 960
1990 2001 2002
People
Life expectancy at birth (years) 67 69 69
Fertility rate (births per woman) 2.4 2.1 2.1
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 43 34 32
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 children) 59 44 42
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 72
Child malnutrition, weight for age (% of under age 5) 19 15 ..
Child immunization, measles (% of ages 12–23 mos.) 89 79 70
HIV prevalence rate, female (% of ages 15–24) .. 0.16 ..
Literacy, total (% of ages 15 and older) 80 87 87
Literacy, female (% of ages 15 and older) 71 81 82
Primary completion rate, total (% of age group) .. .. 100
Primary completion rate, female (% of age group) .. .. 98
Net primary enrollment (% of age group) 97 92 ..
Net secondary enrollment (% of age group) .. .. ..
Environment
Forests (1,000 sq. km) 4,354 4,238 ..
Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2000) 0.2
Freshwater use (% of total resources) 7.2
Carbon dioxide emissions (metric tons per capita) 1.9 2.1 ..
Access to improved water source (% of total pop.) 71 76 ..
Access to improved sanitation (% of urban pop.) 61 72 ..
Energy use per capita (kg of oil equivalent) 715 854 ..
Electricity use per capita (kilowatt-hours) 384 816 ..
Economy
GDP ($ billions) 674 1,680 1,833
GDP growth (annual %) 6.0 5.6 6.7
GDP implicit price deflator (annual % growth) .. .. ..
Value added in agriculture (% of GDP) 24 15 15
Value added in industry (% of GDP) 40 47 47
Value added in services (% of GDP) 37 38 38
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 25 41 41
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 24 36 37
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) 34 31 32
Central government revenues (% of GDP) 11.8 10.9 ..
Overall budget balance (% of GDP) –0.9 –3.7 ..
Technology and infrastructure
Fixed line and mobile subscribers (per 1,000 people)
Cost of 3-minute local call ($)
Personal computers (per 1,000 people)
Internet users (per 1,000 people)
Paved roads (% of total)
Aircraft departures (thousands)
8
0.05
0.9
0
17.2
804
121
0.02
19.2
31
25.1
1,514
155
0.03
26.3
44
..
1,626
Trade and finance
Trade in goods as share of GDP (%)
Trade growth less GDP growth (avg. %, 1990–2002)
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
Net barter terms of trade (1995 = 100)
Foreign direct investment ($ billions)
Present value of debt ($ millions)
Total debt service (% of goods and services exports)
Short-term debt ($ billions)
Aid per capita ($)
47.0
16
..
11
17.7
37
5
60.6
31
..
48
12.3
91
4
63.4
..
32
..
55
..
12.1
99
4
2004 Little Data Book 9
TLFeBOOK
Europe & Central Asia
Population (millions) 473 Population growth (%) –0.5
Surface area (1,000 sq. km) 24,056 National poverty rate (% pop.) ..
GNI ($ billions) 1,023 GNI per capita ($) 2,160
People
Life expectancy at birth (years)
Fertility rate (births per woman)
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 children)
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
Child malnutrition, weight for age (% of under age 5)
Child immunization, measles (% of ages 12–23 mos.)
HIV prevalence rate, female (% of ages 15–24)
Literacy, total (% of ages 15 and older)
Literacy, female (% of ages 15 and older)
Primary completion rate, total (% of age group)
Primary completion rate, female (% of age group)
Net primary enrollment (% of age group)
Net secondary enrollment (% of age group)
1990 2001 2002
69 68 69
2.3 1.6 1.6
37 32 31
44 38 37
93
.. .. ..
84 95 93
.. 0.41 ..
96 97 97
95 96 96
.. .. 97
.. .. 95
.. .. ..
.. .. ..
Environment
Forests (1,000 sq. km) 9,383 9,464 ..
Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2000) –0.1
Freshwater use (% of total resources) 6.1
Carbon dioxide emissions (metric tons per capita) 10.3 6.7 ..
Access to improved water source (% of total pop.) .. 91 ..
Access to improved sanitation (% of urban pop.) .. .. ..
Energy use per capita (kg of oil equivalent) 3,681 2,684 ..
Electricity use per capita (kilowatt-hours) 3,285 2,774 ..
Economy
GDP ($ billions) 1,100 992 1,133
GDP growth (annual %) –2.1 2.5 4.6
GDP implicit price deflator (annual % growth) .. .. ..
Value added in agriculture (% of GDP) 17 9 9
Value added in industry (% of GDP) 44 33 32
Value added in services (% of GDP) 39 58 59
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 23 42 40
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 24 39 38
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) 28 22 21
Central government revenues (% of GDP) .. 28.7 ..
Overall budget balance (% of GDP) .. –3.4 ..
Technology and infrastructure
Fixed line and mobile subscribers (per 1,000 people) 125 345 424
Cost of 3-minute local call ($) 0.01 0.03 0.06
Personal computers (per 1,000 people) 4.3 60.9 73.4
Internet users (per 1,000 people) 0 57 87
Paved roads (% of total) 74.2 89.0 ..
Aircraft departures (thousands) .. 832 825
Trade and finance
Trade in goods as share of GDP (%) 28.8 66.1 64.3
Trade growth less GDP growth (avg. %, 1990–2002) ..
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) .. 10 10
Net barter terms of trade (1995 = 100) .. .. ..
Foreign direct investment ($ billions) 1 32 33
Present value of debt ($ millions) ..
Total debt service (% of goods and services exports) .. 21.7 20.7
Short-term debt ($ billions) 40 75 77
Aid per capita ($) 8 21 27
10 2004 Little Data Book
TLFeBOOK
1.4
Latin America & Caribbean
Population (millions) 525 Population growth (%)
Surface area (1,000 sq. km) 20,450 National poverty rate (% pop.) ..
GNI ($ billions) 1,721 GNI per capita ($) 3,280
People
Life expectancy at birth (years)
Fertility rate (births per woman)
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 children)
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
Child malnutrition, weight for age (% of under age 5)
Child immunization, measles (% of ages 12–23 mos.)
HIV prevalence rate, female (% of ages 15–24)
Literacy, total (% of ages 15 and older)
Literacy, female (% of ages 15 and older)
Primary completion rate, total (% of age group)
Primary completion rate, female (% of age group)
Net primary enrollment (% of age group)
Net secondary enrollment (% of age group)
1990 2001 2002
68 70 71
3.1 2.6 2.5
43 31 28
53 36 34
82
.. 9 ..
77 93 91
.. 0.46 ..
85 89 89
83 88 89
.. .. 87
.. .. 92
89 94 ..
29 65 ..
Environment
Forests (1,000 sq. km) 9,896 9,438 ..
Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2000) 0.5
Freshwater use (% of total resources) 1.6
Carbon dioxide emissions (metric tons per capita) 2.2 2.7 ..
Access to improved water source (% of total pop.) 82 86 ..
Access to improved sanitation (% of urban pop.) 85 86 ..
Energy use per capita (kg of oil equivalent) 1,051 1,151 ..
Electricity use per capita (kilowatt-hours) 1,145 1,493 ..
Economy
GDP ($ billions) 1,099 1,916 1,669
GDP growth (annual %) –0.6 0.3 –0.8
GDP implicit price deflator (annual % growth) .. .. ..
Value added in agriculture (% of GDP) 9 6 7
Value added in industry (% of GDP) 36 25 26
Value added in services (% of GDP) 55 68 67
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 14 18 21
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 12 19 19
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) 19 20 19
Central government revenues (% of GDP) 23.0 20.6 ..
Overall budget balance (% of GDP) –3.5 –4.8 ..
Technology and infrastructure
Fixed line and mobile subscribers (per 1,000 people) 61
Cost of 3-minute local call ($) 0.04
Personal computers (per 1,000 people) 5.7
Internet users (per 1,000 people) 0
Paved roads (% of total) 21.5
Aircraft departures (thousands) 1,154
261
0.08
58.7
56
26.9
1,763
294
0.06
67.4
92
..
1,626
Trade and finance
Trade in goods as share of GDP (%)
Trade growth less GDP growth (avg. %, 1990–2002)
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
Net barter terms of trade (1995 = 100)
Foreign direct investment ($ billions)
Present value of debt ($ millions)
Total debt service (% of goods and services exports)
Short-term debt ($ billions)
Aid per capita ($)
23.1
7
..
8
23.9
73
12
37.2
16
..
70
35.6
90
12
41.2
..
16
..
45
..
30.7
76
10
2004 Little Data Book 11
TLFeBOOK
1.9
Middle East & North Africa
Population (millions) 306 Population growth (%)
Surface area (1,000 sq. km) 11,135 National poverty rate (% pop.) ..
GNI ($ billions) 685 GNI per capita ($) 2,240
People
Life expectancy at birth (years)
Fertility rate (births per woman)
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 children)
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
Child malnutrition, weight for age (% of under age 5)
Child immunization, measles (% of ages 12–23 mos.)
HIV prevalence rate, female (% of ages 15–24)
Literacy, total (% of ages 15 and older)
Literacy, female (% of ages 15 and older)
Primary completion rate, total (% of age group)
Primary completion rate, female (% of age group)
Net primary enrollment (% of age group)
Net secondary enrollment (% of age group)
1990 2001 2002
64 68 69
4.8 3.3 3.1
57 46 44
77 56 54
70
.. .. ..
84 92 92
.. .. ..
53 64 65
40 54 55
.. .. 91
.. .. 87
.. 83 ..
.. 54 ..
Environment
Forests (1,000 sq. km) 165 168 ..
Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2000) –0.1
Freshwater use (% of total resources) 57.4
Carbon dioxide emissions (metric tons per capita) 3.3 4.2 ..
Access to improved water source (% of total pop.) .. 88 ..
Access to improved sanitation (% of urban pop.) .. 94 ..
Energy use per capita (kg of oil equivalent) 1,087 1,383 ..
Electricity use per capita (kilowatt-hours) 931 1,409 ..
Economy
GDP ($ billions) 424 684 671
GDP growth (annual %) 7.3 3.3 3.0
GDP implicit price deflator (annual % growth) .. .. ..
Value added in agriculture (% of GDP) 15 11 11
Value added in industry (% of GDP) 38 41 41
Value added in services (% of GDP) 47 48 48
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 31 33 34
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 33 27 29
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) 23 22 23
Central government revenues (% of GDP) .. .. ..
Overall budget balance (% of GDP) .. .. ..
Technology and infrastructure
Fixed line and mobile subscribers (per 1,000 people)
Cost of 3-minute local call ($)
Personal computers (per 1,000 people)
Internet users (per 1,000 people)
Paved roads (% of total)
Aircraft departures (thousands)
38
0.05
..
0
67.0
328
141
0.03
33.5
22
63.8
434
159
0.04
38.2
37
..
429
Trade and finance
Trade in goods as share of GDP (%) 46.6
Trade growth less GDP growth (avg. %, 1990–2002)
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) 1
Net barter terms of trade (1995 = 100) ..
Foreign direct investment ($ millions) 2,604
Present value of debt ($ millions)
Total debt service (% of goods and services exports) 14.5
Short-term debt ($ billions) 33
Aid per capita ($) 44
47.7
2
..
5,796
9.2
37
16
50.5
..
2
..
2,653
..
9.6
38
21
12 2004 Little Data Book
TLFeBOOK
South Asia
Population (millions) 1,401 Population growth (%) 1.7
Surface area (1,000 sq. km) 5,140 National poverty rate (% pop.) ..
GNI ($ billions) 638 GNI per capita ($) 460
1990 2001 2002
People
Life expectancy at birth (years) 58 62 63
Fertility rate (births per woman) 4.1 3.3 3.2
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 88 71 68
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 children) 130 99 95
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 35
Child malnutrition, weight for age (% of under age 5) 64 48 ..
Child immunization, measles (% of ages 12–23 mos.) 56 59 66
HIV prevalence rate, female (% of ages 15–24) .. 0.55 ..
Literacy, total (% of ages 15 and older) 47 55 56
Literacy, female (% of ages 15 and older) 34 44 44
Primary completion rate, total (% of age group) .. .. 78
Primary completion rate, female (% of age group) .. .. 71
Net primary enrollment (% of age group) .. 82 ..
Net secondary enrollment (% of age group) .. .. ..
Environment
Forests (1,000 sq. km) 790 782 ..
Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2000) 0.1
Freshwater use (% of total resources) 19.5
Carbon dioxide emissions (metric tons per capita) 0.7 0.9 ..
Access to improved water source (% of total pop.) 72 84 ..
Access to improved sanitation (% of urban pop.) 52 66 ..
Energy use per capita (kg of oil equivalent) 391 469 ..
Electricity use per capita (kilowatt-hours) 225 331 ..
Economy
GDP ($ billions) 405 615 649
GDP growth (annual %) 5.6 4.7 4.3
GDP implicit price deflator (annual % growth) .. .. ..
Value added in agriculture (% of GDP) 31 25 23
Value added in industry (% of GDP) 27 25 26
Value added in services (% of GDP) 43 49 51
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 9 15 17
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 12 16 18
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) 23 21 22
Central government revenues (% of GDP) 13.0 13.9 ..
Overall budget balance (% of GDP) –6.8 –4.9 ..
Technology and infrastructure
Fixed line and mobile subscribers (per 1,000 people)
Cost of 3-minute local call ($)
Personal computers (per 1,000 people)
Internet users (per 1,000 people)
Paved roads (% of total)
Aircraft departures (thousands)
6
0.05
0.4
0
37.5
245
37
0.02
5.3
9
36.9
304
42
0.02
6.8
14
..
319
Trade and finance
Trade in goods as share of GDP (%)
Trade growth less GDP growth (avg. %, 1990–2002)
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
Net barter terms of trade (1995 = 100)
Foreign direct investment ($ millions)
Present value of debt ($ millions)
Total debt service (% of goods and services exports)
Short-term debt ($ billions)
Aid per capita ($)
16.5
2
..
536
27.5
12
5
23.2
4
..
4,979
12.9
5
4
24.2
..
4
..
4,164
..
14.3
7
5
2004 Little Data Book 13
TLFeBOOK
Sub-Saharan Africa
Population (millions) 689 Population growth (%) 2.2
Surface area (1,000 sq. km) 24,267 National poverty rate (% pop.) ..
GNI ($ billions) 311 GNI per capita ($) 450
1990 2001 2002
People
Life expectancy at birth (years) 50 47 46
Fertility rate (births per woman) 6.1 5.3 5.1
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 110 104 103
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 children) 187 175 174
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 44
Child malnutrition, weight for age (% of under age 5) .. .. ..
Child immunization, measles (% of ages 12–23 mos.) 57 56 58
HIV prevalence rate, female (% of ages 15–24) .. 9.34 ..
Literacy, total (% of ages 15 and older) 50 62 63
Literacy, female (% of ages 15 and older) 40 54 56
Primary completion rate, total (% of age group) .. .. 48
Primary completion rate, female (% of age group) .. .. 44
Net primary enrollment (% of age group) .. .. ..
Net secondary enrollment (% of age group) .. .. ..
Environment
Forests (1,000 sq. km) 6,965 6,436 ..
Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2000) 0.8
Freshwater use (% of total resources) 1.3
Carbon dioxide emissions (metric tons per capita) 0.9 0.7 ..
Access to improved water source (% of total pop.) 53 58 ..
Access to improved sanitation (% of urban pop.) 75 76 ..
Energy use per capita (kg of oil equivalent) 693 661 ..
Electricity use per capita (kilowatt-hours) 450 456 ..
Economy
GDP ($ billions) 298 318 319
GDP growth (annual %) 0.8 3.3 2.8
GDP implicit price deflator (annual % growth) .. .. ..
Value added in agriculture (% of GDP) 18 18 18
Value added in industry (% of GDP) 34 29 29
Value added in services (% of GDP) 48 53 54
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 27 32 33
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 26 32 34
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) 17 17 18
Central government revenues (% of GDP) 22.1 23.7 ..
Overall budget balance (% of GDP) –3.2 –1.6 ..
Technology and infrastructure
Fixed line and mobile subscribers (per 1,000 people) 10 24 31
Cost of 3-minute local call ($) 0.09 0.07 0.09
Personal computers (per 1,000 people) .. 10.2 11.9
Internet users (per 1,000 people) 0 13 16
Paved roads (% of total) 16.0 12.9 ..
Aircraft departures (thousands) 317 5,538 331
Trade and finance
Trade in goods as share of GDP (%) 40.8 54.8 55.3
Trade growth less GDP growth (avg. %, 1990–2002) ..
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) .. 4 ..
Net barter terms of trade (1995 = 100) .. .. ..
Foreign direct investment ($ billions) 1 14 8
Present value of debt ($ millions) ..
Total debt service (% of goods and services exports) 13.4 11.0 10.5
Short-term debt ($ billions) 21 32 29
Aid per capita ($) 35 21 28
14 2004 Little Data Book
TLFeBOOK