The language of Literature

McDougal Littell

THE LANGUAGE OF

BRITISH

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McDougal Littell

THE LANGUAGE O F

Literature

BRITISH LITERATURE

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MARYWOLLSTONECRAFT

WILLIAM BUTLER YEAI

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ROBERT BROWNING

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CHARLOTTE BRONTE

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McDougal Littell

T HE LANGUAGE O F

LITERATURE

BRITISH LITERATURE

Arthur N. Applebee

Andrea B. Bermudez

Sheridan Blau

Rebekah Caplan

Peter Elbow

Susan Hynds

Judith A. Langer

James Marshall

^McDougal Littell

A HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY

Evanston, Illinois Boston * Dallas

Acknowledgments

A. P. Watt Ltd.: "The Ant and the Grasshopper" by W. Somerset Maugham,

from The Collected Stories of W. Somerset Maugham. Reprinted by permission of A.

P. Watt Limited on behalf of the Royal Literary Fund.

Unit One

Dutton Signet: Excerpts from Beowulf, translated by Burton Raffel. Translation Copyright © 1963 by Burton Raffel, Afterword © 1963 by New American Library. "Fifth Day, Ninth Story" retitled "Federigo's Falcon," from The Decameron by

Giovanni Boccaccio, translated by Mark Musa and Peter Bondanella, Translation copyright © 1982 by Mark Musa and Peter Bondanella. From he Morte D'Arthur by Sir Thomas Malory, translated by Keith Baines. Translation copyright © 1962 by Keith Baines, renewed © 1990 by Francesca Evans. Introduction © 1962 by Robert Graves, renewed © 1990 by Beryl Graves. Used by permission of Dutton Signet, a division of Penguin Putnam Inc. The New York Times: "A Collaboration Across 1,200 Years" by D. J. R. Bruckner, from The New York Times, July 22, 1997. Copyright © 1997 by The

New York Times. Reprinted by permission.

Continued on page 1493

Warning: No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by

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any information storage or retrieval system without prior written permission of McDougal Littell Inc. unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. With the exception of not-for-profit transcription in Braille, McDougal Littell Inc. is not authorized to grant permission for further uses of copyrighted selections reprinted in this text without the permission of their owners.

Permission must be obtained from the individual copyright owners as identified herein. Address inquiries to Manager, Rights and Permissions, McDougal Littell Inc., P.O. Box 1667, Evanston, IL 60204.

ISBN- 13: 978-0-618-17075-3 ISBN-10: 0-618-17075-8 2007 Impression.

11 12 13 14 15 0914 13 12 11 10 09

Senior Consultants

The senior consultants guided the conceptual development for The Language of

Literature series. They participated actively in shaping prototype materials for major

components, and they reviewed completed prototypes and/or completed units to ensure

consistency with current research and the philosophy of the series. Arthur N. Applebee Professor of Education, State University of New York at Albany;

Director, Center for the Learning and Teaching of Literature; Senior Fellow, Center for Writing and Literacy

Andrea B. Bermudez Professor of Studies in Language and Culture; Director, Research Center for Language and Culture; Chair, Foundations and Professional

Studies, University of Houston-Clear Lake

Sheridan Blau Senior Lecturer in English and Education and former Director of Composition, University of California at Santa Barbara; Director, South Coast Writing

Project; Director, Literature Institute for Teachers; Former President, National Council

of Teachers of English

Rebekah Caplan Senior Associate for Language Arts for middle school and high

school literacy, National Center on Education and the Economy, Washington, D.C.;

served on the California State English Assessment Development Team for Language

Arts; former co-director of the Bay Area Writing Project, University of California at Berkeley Peter Elbow Emeritus Professor of English, University of Massachusetts at Amherst;

Fellow, Bard Center for Writing and Thinking

Susan Hynds Professor and Director of English Education, Syracuse University,

Syracuse, New York

Judith A. hanger Professor of Education, State University of New York at Albany;

Co-director, Center for the Learning and Teaching of Literature; Senior Fellow, Center

for Writing and Literacy

James Marshall Professor of English and English Education; Chair, Division of Curriculum and Instruction, University of Iowa, Iowa City

Contributing Consultants

Linda Diamond Executive Vice-President, Consortium on Reading Excellence (CORE); co-author of Building a Powerful Reading Program

Lucila A. Garza ESL Consultant, Austin, Texas

Jeffrey N. Golub Assistant Professor of English Education, University of South Florida, Tampa

William L. McBride, Ph.D. Reading and Curriculum Specialist; former middle

and high school English instructor Sharon Sicinski-Skeans, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Reading, University of Houston-Clear Lake; primary consultant on The InterActive Reader

Multicultural Advisory Board

The multicultural advisors reviewed literature selections for appropriate content and

made suggestions for teaching lessons in a multicultural classroom. Vikki Pepper Ascuena, Meridian High School, Meridian, Idaho

Dr. Joyce M. Bell, Chairperson, English Department, Townview Magnet Center,

Dallas, Texas Linda F. Bellmore, Livermore High School, Livermore, California

Dr. Eugenia W. Collier, Author; lecturer; Chairperson, Department of English and

Language Arts; Teacher of Creative Writing and American Literature, Morgan State University, Maryland

Dr. Bill Compagnone, English Department Chairperson, Lawrence High School,

Lawrence, Massachusetts Kathleen S. Fowler, President, Palm Beach County Council of Teachers of English, Boca Raton Middle School, Boca Raton, Florida Jan Graham, Cobb Middle School, Tallahassee, Florida Barbara J. Kuhns, Camino Real Middle School, Las Cruces, New Mexico

Patricia J. Richards, Prior Lake, Minnesota

Continued on page 1509

Teacher Review Panels

The following educators provided ongoing review during the development of the

tables of contents, lesson design, and key components of the program.

CALIFORNIA

Steve Bass, 8th Grade Team Leader, Meadowbrook Middle School, Ponway Unified School District Cynthia Brickey, 8th Grade Academic Block Teacher, Kastner Intermediate School, Clovis Unified School District Continued on page 1509

Manuscript Reviewers

The following educators reviewed prototype lessons and tables of contents during

the development of The Language of Literature program.

David Adcox, Trinity High School, Euless, Texas Carol Alves, English Department Chairperson, Apopka High School, Apopka,

Florida Continued on page 1510

Student Board

The student board members read and evaluated selections to assess their appeal

for 12th-grade students. Daniel Birdsall, Muhlenberg High School, Reading, Pennsylvania

Shane M. Cummins, Loudoun County High School, Leesburg, Virginia Carrie Mitchell, Butler Traditional High School, Shively, Kentucky

Jennifer Schwab, MacArthur High School, San Antonio, Texas Sarah Marie Slezak, Union High School, Grand Rapids, Michigan

Staci Talis Smith, Ramsay Alternative High School, Birmingham, Alabama

Eve E. Tanner, Justin F. Kimball High School, Dallas, Texas

VII

The Language of Literature

Overview

oK'et The Anglo-Saxon and Medieval

Periods 495-1485

Part 1 Tests of Courage

Part 2 Reflections of Everyday Life Part 3 Attempts at Perfection

LITERARY FOCUS The Epic Writing Workshop: Personality Profile, Application Essay

Grammar: Achieving Sentence Variety, Creating Compound and Complex

Sentences Vocabulary: Using Word Origins to Learn New Words, Understanding Words

with Multiple Meanings

two The English Renaissance 1485-1660

Part 1 Aspects of Love

Part 2 A Passion for Power

Part 3 Facing Life's Limitations

LITERARY FOCUS SKILL FOCUS Sonnet Form Writing Workshop: Research Report

Shakespearean Grammar: Using Adverbs and Tragedy Adverb Phrases Metaphysical Vocabulary: Analyzing Word Parts- Poetry Roots

three The Restoration and

Enlightenment 1 660-1798

Part 1 Views of Society

Part 2 Arguments for Change

Part 3 Revelations About Human Nature

LITERARY FOCUS SKILL FOCUS Nonfiction in Writing Workshop: Proposal, Satire the 18th Century Grammar: Using Adjectives and

Satire Adjective Phrases, Using Elements

in a Series Vocabulary: Precision in Language,

Recognizing Denotations and

Connotations

four The Flowering of

Romanticism 1 798-1 832

Part 1 Seeking Truth

Part 2 Embracing the Imagination

SKILL FOCUS Communication Workshop:

Performance Presentation Grammar: Using Adjective and Noun Clauses Vocabulary: Homonyms, Homophones,

and Homographs

LITERARY FOCUS Romanticism Form and

Meaning in Poetry

five The Victorians 1 832-1 901

Part 1 Personal Relationships

Part 2 New Voices, New Directions

LITERARY FOCUS SKILL FOCUS The Growth and Writing Workshop: Subject Analysis

Development Grammar: Using Adverb Clauses

of Fiction Vocabulary: Using Context Clues to Determine Meaning

six

17 Emerging Modernism 1901-1950

Part 1 New Images of Reality

Part 2 Shocking Realities

LITERARY FOCUS SKILL FOCUS Irony in Modern Writing Workshop: Dramatic Scene

Literature Communication Workshop: Web Site Grammar: Creating Sentence Closers, Creating Sentence Openers

Vocabulary: Identifying the Parts

of a Word, Learning Ways to Develop

Your Vocabulary

seven Contemporary Voices 1950-Present

Part 1 Appearance and Reality

Part 2 Culture and Conflict

LITERARY FOCUS Point of View in Contemporary

Fiction Literature as

Social Criticism

SKILL FOCUS Writing Workshop:

Critical Review Grammar: Creating Subject-Verb Splits Vocabulary: Understanding Analogies

VIII

Table of Contents

Student Resource Bank

Reading Handbook

Writing Handbook

Communication Handbook

Grammar Handbook

Glossary of Literary Terms

Glossary of Words to Know in English and Spanish

T HE LANGUAGE O F

Literature

Literature Connections

Each of the books in the

Literature Connections series combines a novel or play with

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