Tài liệu Women, Development and Transport in Rural Eastern Cape, South Africa ppt

Free download from www.hsrc

press.ac.za

Free download from www.hsrc

press.ac.za

Compiled by the Gender and Development Unit of the

Human Sciences Research Council

Published by HSRC Press

Private Bag X9182, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa

www.hsrcpress.ac.za

First published 2006

ISBN 0-7969-2168-7

© 2006 Human Sciences Research Council

Copyedited by Amanda Matthee

Typeset by Laura Brecher

Cover design by Jenny Young

Print management by comPress

Distributed in Africa by Blue Weaver

Tel: +27 (0) 21 701 4477; Fax: +27 (0) 21 701 7302

www.oneworldbooks.com

Distributed in Europe and the United Kingdom by Eurospan Distribution Services (EDS)

Tel: +44 (0) 20 7240 0856; Fax: +44 (0) 20 7379 0609

www.eurospangroup.com/bookstore

Distributed in North America by Independent Publishers Group (IPG)

Call toll-free: (800) 888 4741; Fax: +1 (312) 337 5985

www.ipgbook.com

Free download from www.hsrc

press.ac.za

CONTENTS

List of tables and figures v

Acknowledgements vi

Abbreviations and acronyms vii

1 Introduction 1

What do we know about gender and transport? 1

Gender differences in travel patterns 5

Time of travel 6

Gender and transport in rural areas 6

2 Methodology 7

Consultation phase 7

Site 7

Aims of the study 7

Data collection instruments 8

Questionnaires 8

Focus groups 8

Time-use diaries 8

Participants 10

Approach to recruitment of fieldworkers 11

Analysis 11

Questionnaires 11

Focus groups 11

Time-use diaries 12

3 Research findings 13

Findings from the questionnaire 13

Primary travel-related activities of women 13

Ownership and the gendered nature of access to means of transport 16

Public transport and women’s travel activities 18

Transport activities and girl children 20

Findings from the time-use diary 22

Context information 22

How women spent their time 23

Travel-related activities 27

Housework-related activities 28

Free download from www.hsrc

press.ac.za

4 Interventions 31

Socio-political interventions 31

Public-private partnerships to address violence and create jobs 31

Gender sensitivity training and general life skills education 32

Transport, policy and infrastructure interventions 32

Non-motorised transport interventions 32

Upgrading of footpaths, construction of low-level footbridges 33

Times of operation: buses and taxis 33

Income-generating activities 33

Women’s health, maternal mortality and transport 33

Gender, education and mobility 34

Policy versus commitment: skills and resources 35

Mainstreaming gender into rural transport strategies: implementation questions 35

A future research agenda 35

Concluding comments 36

References 37