Tài liệu Speaking and Writing Strategies for the TOEFL iBT part 28 doc

Speaking Task Four - 259

Directions: Read the passage about Charles Darwin. You have 45 seconds.

Next, listen to a lecture in a biology class.

After you listen to the lecture, answer the prompt.

TASK: You have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.

Charles Darwin

Charles Darwin is famous for his groundbreaking book On the Origin of

Species published in 1851. In it, Darwin theorized that all organisms

evolved through natural selection. Natural selection, as defined by Darwin,

is the process in which an organism inherits traits that make it more likely

to survive and successfully reproduce, and thus become more common.

Darwin had witnessed this same process of selection in farmers breeding

domestic livestock. By selective breeding, farmers could produce the results

they were after, such as a cow that produced more milk or a sheep that

produced more wool. Darwin analogized by observation that this same

process of selection was naturally occurring in all organisms in the wild.

However, it was the hand of nature, not the hand of man, that was doing

the selecting. Darwin’s theory revolutionized scientific thought, for

according to Darwin, natural selection proved that divine creation played no

part in the creation and evolution of organisms.

Prompt Summarize the points made in the lecture and show how they add

to and support the information in the reading.

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