Tài liệu Office IT Equipment Background Product Report docx

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Toolkit developed for the European Commission by ICLEI - Local Governments for

Sustainability, 2008

Owner, Editor: European Commission, DG Environment-G2, B-1049, Bruxelles

Disclaimer: The European Commission accepts no responsibility or liability whatsoever

with regard to the information presented in this document

Office IT Equipment

Background Product Report

European Commission Green Public Procurement

(GPP) Training Toolkit

- Module 3: Purchasing Recommendations

GPP Training Toolkit Background product report

Office IT equipment --- Final version

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Contents

1 SCOPE .........................................................................................................................................................5

1.1. COMPUTERS ..............................................................................................................................................5

1.2. COMPUTER MONITORS..............................................................................................................................5

1.3. OFFICE IMAGING EQUIPMENT ...................................................................................................................6

2 KEY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS.....................................................................................................8

2.1. ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR PCS/NOTEBOOKS AND MONITORS.................................................................8

2.2. ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR IMAGING EQUIPMENT....................................................................................9

2.3. HAZARDOUS CONSTITUENTS...................................................................................................................10

2.4. NOISE......................................................................................................................................................10

2.5. DISPOSAL AND DURABILITY ....................................................................................................................11

2.6. CONSUMABLE MATERIALS FOR IMAGING EQUIPMENT .............................................................................11

2.7. PACKAGING.............................................................................................................................................12

2.8. MANUFACTURING ...................................................................................................................................12

3 RELEVANT EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND LEGISLATION ...........................14

3.1. REGULATION ON A COMMUNITY ENERGY-EFFICIENCY LABELLING PROGRAMME FOR OFFICE EQUIPMENT

14

3.2. DIRECTIVE 2005/32/EC ON THE ECO-DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR ENERGY-USING PRODUCTS (EUP) ...14

3.3. DIRECTIVE 2002/96/EC ON WASTE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT (WEEE).....................15

3.4. DIRECTIVE 2002/95/EC ON THE RESTRICTION OF THE USE OF CERTAIN HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES IN

ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT ...........................................................................................15

3.5. REACH REGULATION (1907/2006)........................................................................................................16

3.6. DIRECTIVE ON BATTERIES AND ACCUMULATORS AND WASTE BATTERIES 2006/66/EC.........................17

4 ECOLABELS AND OTHER CRITERIA SOURCES...........................................................................18

4.1. ECOLABEL CRITERIA COVERING ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND NOISE.......................................................21

4.2. ECOLABELS CRITERIA COVERING OTHER RELEVANT ASPECTS.................................................................24

5 VERIFICATION ISSUES........................................................................................................................29

5.1. ENERGY USE............................................................................................................................................29

5.2. OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES.............................................................................................................29

6 LIFE-CYCLE COSTING CONSIDERATIONS ...................................................................................30

6.1. COMPUTERS ............................................................................................................................................30

6.2. NOTEBOOKS............................................................................................................................................30

6.3. MONITORS ..............................................................................................................................................30

6.4. PRINTERS AND COPIERS...........................................................................................................................30

7 CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................................................32

8 RECOMMENDED CRITERIA OPTIONS – PCS, NOTEBOOKS AND MONITORS ....................33

9 RECOMMENDED CRITERIA OPTIONS – IMAGING EQUIPMENT............................................33

10 INFORMATION SOURCES ...................................................................................................................34

10.1. ECOLABELS AND OTHER CRITERIA SOURCES.......................................................................................34

10.2. EUROPEAN LEGISLATION....................................................................................................................35

10.3. STUDIES, OTHER INFORMATION..........................................................................................................35

10.4. INTERNET SOURCES ............................................................................................................................36

ANNEX I - ENERGY STAR CRITERIA FOR COMPUTERS VERSION 4.0............................................37

ANNEX II – DEFINITIONS OF OPERATIONAL MODES FOR OFFICE EQUIPMENT ......................39

GPP Training Toolkit Background product report

Office IT equipment --- Final version

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Introduction

This background product report forms part of the European Commission's GPP Training

Toolkit Module 3, which presents recommended GPP purchasing criteria for 11 priority

product and service groups.

This document complements the Product Sheet on Office IT equipment, by providing more

in-depth information on why the purchasing recommendations included within the Product

Sheet have been set. The Product Sheets themselves contain only the information that is

strictly necessary for contracting authorities to incorporate environmental considerations in

their tender procedures.

Where possible, the criteria presented in Module 3 will mirror the criteria underlying the

European Ecolabel. Where the European Ecolabel does not cover a product/service group,

other criteria sources (such as further eco-labels or national guidance) may be used.

For each product/service group two sets of criteria are presented:

• Core criteria – these are designed to be used by any European contracting authority.

They address the most significant environmental impacts, and are designed to be used

with minimum additional verification effort or cost increases.

• Comprehensive criteria – these are intended for use by authorities who wish to purchase

the best environmental products available on the market, and may require additional

administrative effort or imply a slight cost increase as compared to the purchase of other

products fulfilling the same function.

GPP Training Toolkit Background product report

Office IT equipment --- Final version

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Abbreviations

BFR Brominated flame retardant

CPU Central processing Unit

CRT Cathode ray tube

DVI Digital video interface

EMAS Eco-Management and Audit Scheme

EP Electro-photography

EU European Union

EuP Energy Using Products

IEEE Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers

GPP Green public procurement

LCA Life-Cycle Assessment

LCC Life-cycle cost

LCD Liquid crystal display

IT Information Technology

MFD Multifunctional device

MFP Multifunction product

OM Operational mode

PBB Polybrominated biphenyls

PBDE Polybrominated diphenyl ethers

PCs Personal Computers

PVC Polyvinyl chloride

TEC Typical electricity consumption

UDC Upgradeable digital copier

VGA Video graphics array

VOC Volatile organic compound

UNEP United Nations Environment Programme

WEEE Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment