Tài liệu Number Sense and Numeration, Grades 4 to 6 Volume 3 Multiplication pdf

Number Sense

and Numeration,

Grades 4 to 6

Volume 3

Multiplication

A Guide to Effective Instruction

in Mathematics,

Kindergarten to Grade 6

2006

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Every effort has been made in this publication to identify mathematics resources and tools

(e.g., manipulatives) in generic terms. In cases where a particular product is used by teachers

in schools across Ontario, that product is identified by its trade name, in the interests of clarity.

Reference to particular products in no way implies an endorsement of those products by the

Ministry of Education.

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Number Sense

and Numeration,

Grades 4 to 6

Volume 3

Multiplication

A Guide to Effective Instruction

in Mathematics,

Kindergarten to Grade 6

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CONTENTS

Introduction 5

Relating Mathematics Topics to the Big Ideas............................................................................. 6

The Mathematical Processes............................................................................................................. 6

Addressing the Needs of Junior Learners ..................................................................................... 8

Learning About Multiplication in the Junior Grades 11

Introduction.......................................................................................................................................... 11

Interpreting Multiplication Situations........................................................................................... 13

Using Models to Represent Multiplication ................................................................................. 14

Learning Basic Multiplication Facts............................................................................................... 16

Developing Skills in Multiplying by Multiples of 10 ................................................................ 16

Developing a Variety of Computational Strategies.................................................................. 18

Developing Strategies for Multiplying Decimal Numbers ..................................................... 23

Developing Estimation Strategies for Multiplication............................................................... 24

Relating Multiplication and Division............................................................................................. 25

A Summary of General Instructional Strategies........................................................................ 26

Appendix 3–1: Using Mathematical Models to Represent Multiplication 27

References 31

Learning Activities for Multiplication 33

Introduction.......................................................................................................................................... 33

Grade 4 Learning Activity................................................................................................................. 35

Grade 5 Learning Activity................................................................................................................. 47

Grade 6 Learning Activity................................................................................................................. 60

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INTRODUCTION

Number Sense and Numeration, Grades 4 to 6 is a practical guide, in six volumes, that teachers will

find useful in helping students to achieve the curriculum expectations outlined for Grades

4 to 6 in the Number Sense and Numeration strand of The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 1–8:

Mathematics, 2005. This guide provides teachers with practical applications of the principles and

theories that are elaborated in A Guide to Effective Instruction in Mathematics, Kindergarten to

Grade 6, 2006.

The guide comprises the following volumes:

• Volume 1: The Big Ideas

• Volume 2: Addition and Subtraction

• Volume 3: Multiplication

• Volume 4: Division

• Volume 5: Fractions

• Volume 6: Decimal Numbers

The present volume – Volume 3: Multiplication – provides:

• a discussion of mathematical models and instructional strategies that support student

understanding of multiplication;

• sample learning activities dealing with multiplication for Grades 4, 5, and 6.

A glossary that provides definitions of mathematical and pedagogical terms used throughout

the six volumes of the guide is included in Volume 1: The Big Ideas. Each volume also contains

a comprehensive list of references for the guide.

The content of all six volumes of the guide is supported by “eLearning modules” that are available

at www.eworkshop.on.ca. The instructional activities in the eLearning modules that relate

to particular topics covered in this guide are identified at the end of each of the learning

activities (see pp. 43, 57, and 69).

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