Tài liệu Build Your Own ASP.NET 3.5 Web Site Using C# & VB, 3rd Edition docx

SITEPOINT BOOKS

Advocate best practice techniques

Lead you through practical examples

Provide working code for your web site

Make learning easy and fun

ABOUT CRISTIAN DARIE

Wyatt leads the in-house development

team for a major industry trade association.

When not slinging obscene amounts of

C# and SQL at a few exceedingly large

monitors, he is sharing his ASP.NET

wisdom with others.

Cristian is a professional software

engineer with vast experience in a wide

range of modern technologies. The

author of numerous technical books,

Cristian has mastered the complexities of

ASP.NET, so you don’t have to.

ABOUT WYATT BARNETT

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WEB PROGRAMMING

ISBN 978-0-9804552-1-2

USD $44.95 CAD $44.95

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ALL SOURCE CODE AVAILABLE FOR DOWNLOAD

Build Your Own ASP.NET 3.5 Web Site Using C# & VB

is packed full of practical examples, straightforward

explanations, and ready-to-use code samples in both C# and

VB. The third edition of this comprehensive step-by-step guide

will help get your database-driven ASP.NET web site up and

running in no time.

Š Learn how to set up the free software you need for ASP.NET.

Š Choose either C# or VB: this book covers both languages.

Š Build a complete web site from scratch using ASP.NET.

Š Use the code examples for your future ASP.NET projects.

Š Learn how to easily integrate data from Microsoft SQL Server.

START BUILDING POWERFUL ASP.NET

WEB APPLICATIONS TODAY!

ASP.NET 3.5

BUILD YOUR O

W

N

A

S

P.

N

ET 3

.

5

WEB SITE

USING C# & VB

DARIE &

BARNETT

The book not only satisfies ..., it excites A must-read for

avid beginners”

aspalliance.com

I have yet to find a

better book”

csharp-online.net

The book not only

satisfies ... it

excites”

aspnetpro.com

coveraspnet3.indd 1 8/27/2008 11:04:40 AM

BUILD YOUR OWN

ASP.NET 3.5

WEB SITE

USING C# & VB

BY CRISTIAN DARIE

& WYATT BARNETT

3RD EDITION

THE ULTIMATE ASP.NET BEGINNER’S GUID

Thank you for downloading the sample chapters of Build Your Own ASP.NET 3.5

Web Site Using C# & VB published by SitePoint.

This excerpt includes the Summary of Contents, Information about the Author,

Editors and SitePoint, Table of Contents, Preface, four sample chapters from the book,

and the index.

We hope you find this information useful in evaluating this book.

For more information or to order, visit sitepoint.com

Summary of Contents of this Excerpt

Preface..................................................................................................xxi

I. Introducing ASP.NET and the .NET Platform.....................................1

2. ASP.NET Basics................................................................................25

3. VB and C# Programming Basics.......................................................45

4. Constructing ASP.NET Web Pages....................................................93

Index...................................................................................................701

Summary of Additional Book Contents

5. Building Web Applications............................................................153

6. Using the Validation Controls........................................................223

7. Database Design and Development................................................259

8. Speaking SQL..................................................................................303

9. ADO.NET........................................................................................343

10. Displaying Content Using Data Lists............................................413

11. Managing Content Using Grid View and Details View................441

12. Advanced Data Access..................................................................483

13. Security and User Authentication................................................545

14. Working with Files and Email......................................................591

15. ASP.NET AJAX.............................................................................631

A. Web Control Reference..................................................................651

B. Deploying ASP.NET Web Sites......................................................691

BUILD YOUR OWN

ASP.NET 3.5 WEB

SITE USING C# & VB

BY CRISTIAN DARIE

& WYATT BARNETT

3RD EDITION

iv

Build Your Own ASP.NET 3.5 Web Site Using C# & VB

by Cristian Darie and Wyatt Barnett

Copyright © 2008 SitePoint Pty. Ltd.

Expert Reviewer: Wyatt Barnett Editor: Georgina Laidlaw

Managing Editor: Chris Wyness Index Editor: Russell Brooks

Technical Editor: Andrew Tetlaw Cover Design: Alex Walker

Cover Image: Lucas Chan

Printing History:

First Edition: April 2004

Second Edition: October 2006

Third Edition: September 2008

Notice of Rights

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted

in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case

of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews.

Notice of Liability

The author and publisher have made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the information herein.

However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied.

Neither the authors and SitePoint Pty. Ltd., nor its dealers or distributors, will be held liable for any

damages to be caused either directly or indirectly by the instructions contained in this book, or by the

software or hardware products described herein.

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Rather than indicating every occurrence of a trademarked name as such, this book uses the names only

in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner with no intention of infringement of

the trademark.

Published by SitePoint Pty. Ltd.

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Web: www.sitepoint.com

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ISBN 978-0-9804552-1-2

Printed and bound in the United States of America

v

About the Authors

Cristian Darie is a software engineer with experience in a wide range of modern technologies,

and the author of numerous technical books, including the popular Beginning E-Commerce

series. Having worked with computers since he was old enough to use a keyboard, he initially

tasted programming success with a prize in his first programming contest at the age of 12.

From there, Cristian moved on to many other similar achievements, and is now studying

distributed application architectures for his PhD.

He always loves hearing feedback about his books, so don't hesitate to drop him a “hello”

message when you have a spare moment. Cristian can be contacted through his personal web

site at http://www.cristiandarie.ro.

Wyatt Barnett leads the in-house development team for a major industry trade association

in Washington DC. When not slinging obscene amounts of C# and SQL at a few exceedingly

large monitors, he is most often spotted staring at HDTV and other forms of entertainment

in local watering holes. He also writes for SitePoint's .NET blog, The Daily Catch.

1

About the Technical Editor

Andrew Tetlaw has been tinkering with web sites as a web developer since 1997 and has

also worked as a high school English teacher, an English teacher in Japan, a window cleaner,

a car washer, a kitchen hand, and a furniture salesman. At SitePoint he is dedicated to making

the world a better place through the technical editing of SitePoint books, kits, and articles.

He is also a busy father of five, enjoys coffee, and often neglects his blog at http://tetlaw.id.au/.

About the Technical Director

As Technical Director for SitePoint, Kevin Yank oversees all of its technical publica￾tions—books, articles, newsletters, and blogs. He has written over 50 articles for SitePoint,

but is best known for his book, Build Your Own Database Driven Website Using PHP &

MySQL. Kevin lives in Melbourne, Australia, and enjoys performing improvised comedy

theater and flying light aircraft.

About SitePoint

SitePoint specializes in publishing fun, practical, and easy-to-understand content for web

professionals. Visit http://www.sitepoint.com/ to access our books, newsletters, articles, and

community forums.

1 http://www.sitepoint.com/blogs/category/net/

To my family and friends.

—Cristian Darie

To my Father, whose guidance got

me this far.

—Wyatt Barnett

Table of Contents

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi

Who Should Read This Book? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi

What’s in This Book? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxii

The Book’s Web Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxv

The Code Archive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvi

Updates and Errata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvi

The SitePoint Forums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvi

The SitePoint Newsletters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvii

Your Feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvii

Conventions Used in This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvii

Code Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvii

Tips, Notes, and Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxviii

Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxix

Chapter 1 Introducing ASP.NET and the .NET

Platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

What is ASP.NET? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Installing the Required Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Installing Visual Web Developer 2008 Express Edition . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Installing SQL Server Management Studio Express . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Writing Your First ASP.NET Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Getting Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Chapter 2 ASP.NET Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

ASP.NET Page Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

x

Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Code Declaration Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Code Render Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

ASP.NET Server Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Server-side Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Literal Text and HTML Tags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

View State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Working with Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

ASP.NET Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Visual Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

C# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Chapter 3 VB and C# Programming Basics . . . . 45

Programming Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Control Events and Subroutines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Page Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Variables and Variable Declaration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Conditional Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Loops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Object Oriented Programming Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Objects and Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Constructors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Build Your Own ASP.NET 3.5 Web Site Using C# & VB (www.sitepoint.com)

xi

Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Understanding Inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Objects in .NET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Namespaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Using Code-behind Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Chapter 4 Constructing ASP.NET Web

Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Web Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

HTML Server Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Using the HTML Server Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Web Server Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Standard Web Server Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

List Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Advanced Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Web User Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Creating a Web User Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Master Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Using Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

Types of Styles and Style Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

Chapter 5 Building Web Applications . . . . . . . . . . 153

Introducing the Dorknozzle Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

Using Visual Web Developer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

Meeting the Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Executing Your Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

Core Web Application Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

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xii

Web.config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

Global.asax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

Using Application State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

Working with User Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

Using the Cache Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

Using Cookies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

Starting the Dorknozzle Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

Preparing the Sitemap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

Using Themes, Skins, and Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

Building the Master Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

Using the Master Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

Extending Dorknozzle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

Debugging and Error Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

Debugging with Visual Web Developer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

Other Kinds of Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

Custom Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

Handling Exceptions Locally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

Chapter 6 Using the Validation Controls . . . . . . 223

Client-side Validation and Server-side Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224

Introducing the ASP.NET Validation Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224

Enforcing Validation on the Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228

Using Validation Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

RequiredFieldValidator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

CompareValidator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236

RangeValidator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238

ValidationSummary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

RegularExpressionValidator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

CustomValidator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

Build Your Own ASP.NET 3.5 Web Site Using C# & VB (www.sitepoint.com)

xiii

Validation Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248

Updating Dorknozzle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

Chapter 7 Database Design and

Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

What Is a Database? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

Creating Your First Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

Creating a New Database Using Visual Web Developer . . . . . . . . . 263

Creating a New Database Using SQL Server Management

Studio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264

Creating Database Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271

Column Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272

Primary Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274

Creating the Employees Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

Creating the Remaining Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279

Populating the Data Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282

Relational Database Design Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

Foreign Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287

Using Database Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

Implementing Relationships in the Dorknozzle Database . . . . . . . 293

Diagrams and Table Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301

Chapter 8 Speaking SQL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303

Reading Data from a Single Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304

Using the SELECT Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306

Selecting Certain Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309

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