Tài liệu Benefits Table database: Estimates of the marginal external costs of air pollution in

BeTa Version E1.02a

Benefits Table database:

Estimates of the marginal external costs of air pollution in Europe

Created for European Commission DG Environment by netcen

Authors: Mike Holland [email protected]

Paul Watkiss [email protected]

About BeTa

BeTa (the Benefits Table database) has been developed by netcen, part of AEA Technology, to provide a simple ready reckoner for estimation of the external costs of

air pollution. This version is a pdf extract providing the main details of the database and default estimates of externalities, but lacking the facility for manipulation of

functions, etc. that is present in the full version of the database. The main contacts for this work are:

Paul Watkiss: [email protected]

Mike Holland: [email protected]

This version of BeTa has been developed specifically for the European Commission. Contact:

[email protected]

Contents

Pollutants addressed in BeTa

Glossary

Situations addressed in BeTa

Methods

Coverage of the database and limitations

Key assumptions

Worked examples

References and other examples of the use of externalities data in Europe

Default estimates

Exposure-response functions

Valuation data

Further data

Pollutants addressed in BeTa

BeTa includes assessment of the externalities of emissions in 1998 of:

SO2 (sulphur dioxide): through effects of SO2 and sulphate aerosols on health, and SO2 and acidity on materials

NOx (oxides of nitrogen): through effects of nitrate aerosols on health and ozone on health and crop production

VOCs (volatile organic compounds): through effects of ozone on health and crop production

PM (particulate matter, focussed on PM2.5, particles with an aerodynamic diamter less than 2.5 micrometre): through effects on health