Tài liệu A baseline study on psychosocial support of orphans and vulnerable children in two villages

A baseline study on psychosocial support

of orphans and vulnerable children in two

villages in Botswana

GN Tsheko

K Bainame

LW Odirile &

M Segwabe

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Compiled by the Masiela Trust Fund’s OVC Research Unit, Botswana, in collaboration

with the Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Health Research Programme, Human Sciences

Research Council, South Africa

Published by HSRC Press

Private Bag X9182, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa

www.hsrcpress.ac.za

First published 2007

ISBN 978-0-7969-2178-9

© 2007 Human Sciences Research Council and Masiela Trust Fund

Copyedited by David Le Page

Typeset by Simon van Gend

Cover design by comPress

Print management by comPress

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Tables and figures iv

Acronyms and abbreviations v

Acknowledgements vi

Executive summary vii

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The situation of orphans in sub-Saharan Africa 1

Overview of the OVC situation in Botswana 1

Government response to the plight of orphans 2

Background to the OVC project 4

Objectives of the study 5

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Description of study sites 6

Populations and samples 8

Study instruments 9

Ethical considerations 10

Data collection procedures 10

Data management 11

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Orphans and vulnerable children ages 6–14: Survey findings 12

Discussion of findings: OVC ages 6–14 in Palapye 15

OVC ages 15–18 in Palapye: Survey findings 18

Discussion of findings: OVC ages 15–18 in Palapye 24

Parents/guardians of OVC in Palapye: Survey findings 27

Perceptions of HIV/AIDS and other health-related issues 29

Discussion of findings: Parents/guardians of OVC in Palapye 30

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Orphans and vulnerable children ages 6–14: Survey findings 32

Discussion of findings: OVC ages 6–14 in Letlhakeng 35

OVC ages 15–18 in Letlhakeng: Survey findings 36

Discussion of findings: OVC ages 15–18 in Letlhakeng 42

Parents/guardians of OVC in Letlhakeng: Survey findings 43

Perceptions of HIV/AIDS and other health-related issues 45

Discussion of findings: Parents/guardians of OVC in Letlhakeng 46

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Conclusions 48

Recommendations 49

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iv

Table 3.1: What OVC 15–18 in Palapye miss about their late mothers – percentage

distribution by gender 21

Table 3.2: Quality of relationships between OVC 15–18 and their guardians, in

Palapye 21

Table 3.3: Primary confidants of OVC ages 15–18 in Palapye 23

Table 3.4: Most common health problems mentioned by OVC 15–18 in

Palapye 24

Table 3.5: Employment status categories of parents and guardians of OVC in

Palapye 28

Table 3.6: Key needs of OVC in Palapye, as identified by parents/guardians 28

Table 4.1: OVC 15–18 in Letlhakeng: Household resources 38

Table 4.2: Primary confidants of OVC ages 15–18 in Letlhakeng 39

Table 4.3: Factors leading OVC in Letlhakeng to feel hopeful about life 40

Table 4.4: Employment status of parents and guardians in Letlhakeng 44

Table 4.5: Key OVC needs described by parents and guardians in Letlhakeng 45

Figure 1.1: Trends and patterns of registered orphans from 1999–2004 2

Figure 1.2: Specific needs of orphans and vulnerable children 4

Figure 2.1: Map of Botswana 6

Figure 3.1: OVC 15–18 in Palapye: Reasons for not attending school, by gender 19

Figure 4.1: OVC 15–18 in Letlhakeng: Reasons for not attending school, by gender 37

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v

CBO community-based organisations

FBO faith-based organisation

HIV/AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

HSRC Human Sciences Research Council

IEC information, education and communication

MRC Medical Research Council

NGO non-governmental organisation

OVC orphans and vulnerable children

PMTCT prevention of mother to child transmission (of HIV/AIDS)

PSS psychosocial support

SADC Southern African Development Community

SPSS Statistical Package for Social Sciences

STI sexually transmitted infection

VCT voluntary counselling and testing (for HIV/AIDS)

WKKF WK Kellogg Foundation

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vi

The researchers and authors of the document, Dr GN Tsheko, Mr K Bainame, Ms M

Segwabe and Dr LW Odirile would like to thank all those who made it possible for

this work to be completed. This study was supported by the Kellogg Foundation and

undertaken by Masiela Trust Fund OVC Research-Botswana under the umbrella of the

HSRC in South Africa. The researchers are indebted to the field assistants, all respondents,

and community leaders in Palapye and Letlhakane who participated in this study.

A special thanks goes to Dr K Solo and Ms G Moalosi who were involved with the

original drafting of the report.

We cannot stop thanking the staff at Masiela Trust Fund for the support they provided

during the study period.

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