Quy trình thiết kế và tổ chức bài học bằng giáo án điện tử

QUY TRINH THIET KE VA TO CHtJt BAI HOC

BANG GIAO AN DIEN TU

O PGS. TS. NGUYEN VA N HONG - NINH THj BACH DIEP"

¥c "hoi thde edc fien feh eua edng nghd fiidng

tin (CNTT} ung dyng vdo dgy hgc Id sy lya

ichgn sdng sud't vd khoa hqc d l ddi moi

phuong phdp aqy hqc {PPDH} d nuoc to trong

giai doqn hien nay vd Kong tuong loi. Vi vqy,

thilt k l vd su dyng bdi gidng dien tu (BGDT) dd

thu hut dugc nhilu nhd nghien cuu, cdn bq gidng

dqy vd gido vidn (GV) phd thdng tham gia. Thuc

te cho thd'y: CNTT dd trd thdnh mot trong nhirng

mdn hge chinh thdng Kong nhd Kudng (Tin hgc)j

duqc su dyng vdi hr edeh Id phuong fidn de ho

trg dqy hgc vd duge su dyng de thilt k l gido dn,

BGDT, gdp phdn ndng coo chdt lugng dqy hqc.

Trong khuon khd bdi vilt, chung tdi de cdp

quan niem ve gido dn, gido dn dien tu, BGDT;

quy trinh thiet ke BGDT vd td chuc bdi hgc.

1 . Quon niem ve gido dn dien tu vd BGDT

Dd ed nhieu quan nidm ve vdn d l ndy, nhimg

den nay. Ken cdc diln ddn Kyc Kjyen ve ung dyng

ICT trong gido dye chua di den mdt sy thdng

nhd't vd phdn biet rd ve hai thudt ngir: gido dn

dien h> vd BGDT.

- Gido dn Id ke hogch vd ddn y gid Idn Idp

cua GV, bao gdm d l tdi cua gid len lop, mye

dich gido dye vd gido dudng, ngi dung, phuong

phdp, thilt bj, nhirng hoqt ddng cy the cua thdy

vd Kd, kilm Ka ddnh gid... Tdt cd duqc ghi ngdn

gon theo Kinh ty se diln ra trong gid dgy hge Ken

Idp. Gido dn duqc GV bien sogn Kong giai dogn

chudn bj len Idp vd quyet djnh phdn Idn sy thdnh

edng cua bdi hge (1). Hilu theo cdch khdc, qido

an Id bdn thiet ke cho Hen trinh mot bdi dgy hqc,

Id han k l hogch md ngudi GV du djnh se thyc

hidn gidng dqy Ken Idp vdi nhdm ddi Krqng hgc

sinh (HS) ey the ndo do. Bdn ke hogch dqy hgc

(gido dn) eua mot bdi hge cy the ndo do se khde

nhau vd! nhCmg dd'i tuqng HS khde nhau vd d edc

GV khde nhou. Theo Tu dien Gido dye hgc, «qido

dn Id ke hogch vd ddn y bdi'gidng cua GV dugc

soqn Kuoc ra gidy de tien hdnh dgy hgc Kong mdt

hode hai tilt Idn Idp. Trong gido dn thudng ghi

chu dilm , mye tieu gido dye vd gido dudng, ngi

Tan chi Giao due so 27 7 (ki i -1/20121

dung ehi tilt sdp xI p theo trinh Kr Idn Idp, phuong

phdp vd thu thudt dqy hgc cua GV vd HS, edng

vide kiem Ko vd ddnh gid, ngodi ra cung chi ra

nhung dyng cy, thie't bj cdn thiet phdi dung" (2).

Gido an duqc chudn bj tdt Id ddm bdo eho gid

dqy thdnh eong, do dd cdn cdn nhde, finh todn kT

Krng dilm ngi dung, Krng thu thuqt dgy hgc, dieu

kien thdi gian vd thiet bj sao cbo phu hgp voi ddi

h/qng HS Kong Ic^. Thyc tien eho th ^ gido dn

thuc nien thdnh edng d Idp ndy khdng nhd't djnh

se thdnh edng d Idp khdc.

- Tlieo Tu dien Gido dye hqe, bdi gidng Id

mot phdn ngi dung Kong chuong trinh CLPO mot

mdn hgc duqc GV Kinh bdy trude HS. Cdc yeu

edu CO bdn dd'i vdi bdi gidng Id: djnh hudng rd

rdng ve ehu de, Kinh bdy mgen Igc, cd he thdng vd

Kuyen thy duqc ngi dung, phdn tich ro rdng, de

hieu ede sy kien, hien Krqng cy th i ed lidn quan vd

tdm tdt khdi qudt ehung, su dyng phdi hcrp nhieu

thu phdp thich hqp nhu thuyet trinh, ehung minh,

gidi thich, ddm ludn, Idm mdu, chilu phim, md

mdy ghi dm, ghi hinh, v.v... Bdi gidng ludn dugc

xem nhu mot don vj ngi dung cua chuong Kinh cd

do ddi tuong irng vdi mot hogc hoi tiet hgc.

Khi thuc hidn mot gido dn (ke hogch dqv hgc)

ndo do clio ddi hjqng HS ey the Kong mot khdng

gion vd thdi diem nhd't djnh thi duqe eoi Id chung

to dang thuc hien mdt bdi gidng. Nhu vdy, gido

dn Id Knh, bdi gidng Iqi Id dgng. Mot gido dn

chi cd the trd thdnh bdi gidng khi nd dugc thye

thi bdi ngudi dgy ey the. Hoy ndi mot cdch khde,

neu eoi gido dn Id «kjeh bdn" thi bdi gidng duqc

eoi Id «vd kjeh duge eong diln". Bdi gidng Id

fien Kinh GV trien khai gido dn cua cua mot bdi

cu the d tren Idp.

- Gido dn dien tu (GADT): «GADT co th i hieu

Id gido dn truyin thd'ng cua GV nhung dugc dua

vdo mdy vi tfnh - duqe Iuu tru, the hidn d dqng

dien tu. Khi gido dn truyin thd'ng dugc duo vdo

mdy vi tinh thi nhung uu diem, th i mgnh eua CNTT

* Tnrofng fiai lioc sir plian - Dai lipc Tliai Nguyen

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