Producing pavement bricks and sub-base material in Embankments from coal ash and slag :Master's thesis - Major : Sciences and management of the environment

THE JOINT ACADEMIC PROGRAM OF EXECUTIVE MASTER IN

SCIENCES AND MANAGEMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT

BETWEEN INDUSTRIAL UNIVERSITY OF HOCHIMINH CITY AND

LIÈGE UNIVERSITY

PHAM THI TRUC THANH

PRODUCING PAVEMENT BRICKS AND

SUB-BASE MATERIAL IN EMBANKMENTS

FROM COAL ASH AND SLAG

A case study: VEDAN VIETNAM ENTERPRISE CORP., LTD

Major: EXECUTIVE MASTER IN SCIENCES AND MANAGEMENT

OF THE ENVIRONMENT

MASTER’S THESIS

HOCHIMINH CITY, YEAR 2018

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The project was completed at The Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City

Supervisor’s name:………………………………………………………………

The thesis was taken at The Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City date . . . . .

month . . . . year . . . . .

Committee members (name):

1. …………………………………………………- Committee Chair

2. ………………………………………………….- Commissioner

3. ………………………………………………….- Secretary

COMMITTEE CHAIR DEAN OF INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL

SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND

MANAGEMENT

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First, I respectfully honor people who immensely supported and gave me assistance

in this study:

Prof. Phd Nguyen Van Phuoc and Prof. Angélique Léonard are my advisors,

deepest gratitude for his invaluable assistance and support throughout my

involvement in The Institute Of Science For Environmental Management, for his

reviews, constructive advices and his patience and encouragement.

The Institute of Science for Environmental Management of Industrial University of

Ho Chi Minh City who co-founded my studies at Industrial University of Ho Chi

Minh City. I would also like to thank my dear colleagues for their encouragement

and helpful advices. Many thanks to the people from Vedan Vietnam Enterprise

Corp., Ltd.

Special thanks to my family and friends who always believe in me and be with me

no matter where they are.

Author

Pham Thi Truc Thanh

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ABSTRACT

Environmental pollution resulted from coal based thermal power plants all over the

world is cited to be one of the major sources of pollution affecting the general

aesthetics of environment in terms of land use, health hazards and air, soil and water

in particular and thus leads to environmental dangers. Coal combustion residues

(CCRs) is a collective term referring to the residues produced during the

combustion of coal regardless of ultimate utilization or disposal. It includes fly ash,

bottom ash, boiler slag, and fluidised bed combustion ash and other solid fine

particle.

According to Announcement No.279/TB-VPCP on Deputy Prime Minister Hoang

Trung Hai's conclusions at the meeting on treating solutions as well as using ashes

of thermal power plants. Therefore, the study, processing and utilization of ash in

the economic and technical fields should be paid special attention in the coming

time.

Using pavement bricks, only sun-dried, not kiln-fired, are an indispensable trend in

the world, bringing plenty of benefits compared to traditional bricks, although the

production of modern technology, bricks will also consume large amounts of clay as

well as burning plenty of fuel. It is estimated that for the production of one trillion

bricks, it would cost approximately 1.5 million m3

of clay and 150,000 tons of coal.

Use of ash as a construction material will utilize waste to recycle it into useful

materials for the construction industry, replacing aggregate sand, cement with ash

will reduce a quantum of raw materials used making blocks as well as leveling

materials and saving production costs, saving land fund (used for burial of waste)

During the operation of a coal-fired boiler with a capacity of 307 tons of steam per

hour for 60 MW electricity generation, there were about 40 tons of fly ash per day,

7 tons of coal slag per day and 1.5 tons of sludge / day. In order to deal with this

waste, Vedan desire to operate green technology to reuse fly ash and slag (coal

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combustion residues) which be made for pavement brick for the construction

industry, saving land resources, and future potentials to achieve environmental

sound management.

The research "Producing pavement bricks and sub-base material in embankments

from coal ash and slag" was experimented with the purpose is reducing the volume

of fly ash, coal slag and reduce green-house effect and global warming.

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TABLE OF CONTENS

TABLE OF CONTENS ......................................................................................6

LIST OF TABLE ................................................................................................8

LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................10

CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ISSUES .................................16

1.1 Overview of coal ash and slag research .............................................................16

1.1.1 Domestic research........................................................................................16

1.1.2 Research in the world ..................................................................................21

CHAPTER 2 THE THEORY OF THE STUDY ...........................................25

2.1 Materials and methods of research .....................................................................25

2.1.1 Quality input materials ................................................................................25

2.1.2 Producing sub-base material in embankments from coal ash and slag. ......33

2.1.3 Producing pavement bricks from coal ash and slag ....................................36

2.1.4 Experimental model.....................................................................................37

2.1.5 Method of research ......................................................................................38

CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH RESULTS ...........................................................39

3.1 Evaluation of performance results......................................................................39

3.1.1 Producing sub-base material in embankments from coal ash and slag. ......39

3.1.2 Producing pavement bricks from coal ash and slag ....................................48