Particularized implicatures in Jimmy Kimmel’s talk shows

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING

QUY NHƠN UNIVERSITY

NGUYỄN NGỌC HƢƠNG GIANG

PARTICULARIZED IMPLICATURES

IN JIMMY KIMMEL’S TALK SHOWS

Field: English Linguistics

Code: 8.22.02.01

Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. NGUYỄN QUANG NGOẠN

BINH DINH, 2021

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

TRƢỜNG ĐẠI HỌC QUY NHƠN

NGUYỄN NGỌC HƢƠNG GIANG

HÀM Ý HỘI THOẠI ĐẶC THÙ

TRONG CHƢƠNG TRÌNH TỌA ĐÀM

CỦA JIMMY KIMMEL

Chuyên ngành: Ngôn ngữ Anh

Mã số : 8.22.02.01

Ngƣời hƣớng dẫn: PGS TS NGUYỄN QUANG NGOẠN

BINH DINH, 2021

i

STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP

I confirm that the work presented in this research paper has been

conducted by myself. Except where reference is made in the text of the thesis,

no other person's work has been used without due acknowledgement in the

thesis. I confirm that this work is submitted in partial fulfillment for the M.A.

thesis in English at Quy Nhon University and has not been submitted

elsewhere in any other form for the fulfillment of any other degree or

qualification.

Quy Nhon, July 2021

Nguyễn Ngọc Hƣơng Giang

ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Firstly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Assoc. Prof. Dr.

Nguyen Quang Ngoan, my supervisor for the continuous support of my M.A.

thesis and related research, for his patience, motivation, and immense

knowledge. His window helped me in all the time of research and writing of

this thesis. I could not have imagined having a better supervisor and mentor

for my M.A. study.

I would like to thank all the lectures from the Department of Foreign

Languages for their kindness and valuable knowledge without which I would

not have been able to conduct this research.

My special thanks also go to all my dear classmates for the time we

spent together as well as for the knowledge and experience we learned from

each other.

Last but not least, no words can reveal my deep love and gratitude to

my family whose everlasting love and support have given me strength and

motivation to finish this thesis.

iii

ABSTRACT

This research was conducted with the aim to find out the types of

particularized implicatures, as well as to identify the strategies and purposes

of generating the particularized conversational implicatures used by George

W. Bush and Michelle Obama in Jimmy Kimmel talk shows by using Grice‟s

conversational implicature and the theory of verbal deception strategies of

generating implicatures proposed by Swati, Gupta, Kayo Sakamoto and

Andrew Ortony (2015). The data of this research were utterances. The source

of data was the videos and transcripts. The method of this research was

descriptive qualitative. The result of this study showed that there were 70 total

number of violation maxims of the cooperative principle as the realization of

particularized conversational implicature. The result showed that maxim of

quantity received the highest percentage of violation (53%). As regards the

verbal deception strategies of generating particularized conversational

implicatures, 5 different ones were found in which augmentation and half￾truth were among the highest of occurrence with 57.14 % and 24.28%

respectively. This result showed that implicatures could be employed with a

wide range of strategies.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP................................................................... i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................ii

ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................ iv

LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... vii

LIST OF FIGURES.......................................................................................viii

CHAPTER 1.INTRODUCTION...................................................................... 1

1.1 RATIONALE....................................................................................... 1

1.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY....................................... 2

1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS.................................................................. 3

1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY .................................................................... 3

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY..................................................... 4

1.6 ORGANIZATION OF THE THESIS .................................................. 4

CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL

BACKGROUND.............................................................................................. 6

2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW..................................................................... 6

2.2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND ................................................... 12

2.2.1 Pragmatics................................................................................... 12

2.2.2 An overview of implicature......................................................... 13

2.2.3 Particularized conversational implicature ................................... 16

2.2.4 Cooperative Principle.................................................................. 18

2.2.5 Violating conversational maxims................................................ 21

2.2.6 Verbal deception strategies ......................................................... 23

CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY............................................ 35

3.1 RESEARCH METHODS................................................................... 35

v

3.2 DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS ........................................ 36

3.3 VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY ..................................................... 38

3.3.1 Validity........................................................................................ 38

3.3.2 Reliability.................................................................................... 38

CHAPTER 4. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION............................................ 39

4.1 TYPES OF PARTICULARIZED IMPLICATURES EMPLOYED BY

GUESTS IN JIMMY KIMMEL‟S TALK SHOWS ................................ 39

4.1.1 The types of particularized conversational implicature used by

guests in Jimmy Kimmel talk show ..................................................... 39

4.1.2 Violation of the Gricean Maxims of Quantity ............................ 41

4.1.3 Violation of the Gricean Maxims of Quality .............................. 44

4.1.4 Violation of the Gricean Maxims of Relevance.......................... 45

4.1.5 Violation of the Gricean Maxims of Manner.............................. 47

4.2 VERBAL DECEPTION STRATEGIES OF GENERATING THE

PARTICULARIZED IMPLICATURES BY GUESTS IN JIMMY

KIMMEL‟S TALK SHOWS.................................................................... 48

4.2.1 Overstatement.............................................................................. 49

4.2.2 Half-truth..................................................................................... 50

4.2.3 Augmentation.............................................................................. 51

4.2.4 Equivocation................................................................................ 53

4.2.5 Obfuscation ................................................................................. 54

4.3 PURPOSES OF USING PARTICULARIZED IMPLICATURES BY

GUESTS IN JIMMY KIMMEL‟S TALK SHOWS ................................ 55

4.4 SUMMARY ....................................................................................... 59

CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS ................................ 61

5.1 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................ 61

5.2 IMPLICATIONS................................................................................ 62