Oracle Database 12c Oracle RMAN Backup & Recovery

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About the Authors

Robert G. Freeman is the senior DBA at Businessolver, Inc., in Des Moines,

Iowa. Robert has worked with Oracle databases for well over two decades,

including working for Oracle Corporation for five years. In this long career

Robert has worked in a number of different Oracle environments, from the mini

to some of the largest in the world, and many in between. He loves working with

Oracle databases and playing with his two-year old, Amy.

Matthew Hart is the coauthor of six books for Oracle Press, most recently

Oracle 10g High Availability with RAC, Flashback, and DataGuard; Oracle

Enterprise Manager 10g Grid Control Handbook; and the tome you now hold in

your hands. He has worked with high availability technologies in Oracle since

version 7.3, and has worked with RMAN since its inception. Matthew currently

works and lives in Kansas City, Missouri.

About the Contributors

Emre Baransel holds two master’s degrees in information systems and business

administration, and has worked in IT for 11 years. He has worked for the largest

fixed-line, GSM telco companies and Oracle Corp. in Turkey. He was awarded

as an Oracle ACE in 2012. He authored Oracle Data Guard 11gR2

Administration: Beginner’s Guide and contributed to the Oracle RMAN 11g

Backup and Recovery book. He’s an Oracle Certified Professional (OCP), a

founding member of TROUG (Turkish Oracle User Group), and a blogger at

emrebaransel.blogspot.com. He has spoken at Oracle Open World in the United

States and at user group conferences across Europe.

E. Craig Brown is a Senior Database Engineer for Commvault, specializing

in Oracle database solutions. Mr. Brown has been a database administrator for

20 years, primarily with Oracle as well as others. His work with Commvault for

the past eight years consists of consulting multiple companies across many

industries, including healthcare, telecommunications, public utilities,

engineering, and government, in planning for backup and disaster recovery.

Scott Black has over 15 years of experience in the technology field, with

almost the past 5 years at Oracle helping public sector, healthcare, and higher

education clients get the most value out of their data and Oracle products.

Tim Chien is a product manager with Oracle’s High Availability and Storage

Management Group, focusing on Backup and Recovery, including Zero Data

Loss Recovery Appliance, Recovery Manager (RMAN), and Flashback

technologies. His extensive product management and marketing experience

includes both application server and database products, and he has presented at

numerous Oracle and industry conferences around the world. Tim received his

bachelor’s and master’s degrees in computer science from the Massachusetts

Institute of Technology.

Rao Chelli is a Senior Principal Consultant at Oracle USA. Rao has 15+

years of experience in technology consulting, solution architecture, and making

customers successful with their Oracle product investments. He is one of the

first-generation Oracle-engineered systems experts and Oracle MAA solutions

delivery leaders at Oracle. Prior to Oracle, Rao worked at GE (USA),

GOTEVOT (Saudi Arabia), and Frontier (India). Rao holds a master’s degree

(M.Sc.Tech) in Electronics Technology from Andhra University, India, and is

currently enrolled as an Executive MBA student (A16) at New York

University’s Stern Business School.

Marcus Vinicius Miguel Pedro is a Principal Advanced Support Engineer at

Oracle ACS Brazil. Marcus Vinicius has more than 10 years working with

Oracle technologies and is a consultant focusing and specializing in high

availability solutions; he is also responsible for designing HA solutions for the

most important corporations in Brazil. He was nominated as an Oracle ACE in

2010. He also maintains his Oracle-related blog and speaks at user group events

in Brazil.

Ramesh Raghav is a Principal Sales Engineer at Oracle Corporation. He is

an accomplished Oracle database professional with extensive expertise in

implementation and administration of technologies spanning Database (versions

5–12c), RMAN, Recovery Appliance, Exadata, RAC, and DataGuard. Ramesh

has recovered many critical production databases for various enterprise clients

using RMAN. He is an Oracle 12c Certified Professional (OCP) DBA, a RAC￾certified expert, and author of Oracle 10gR2 Recovery Manager.

Pete Sharman is a database architect in the Database as a Service team for

Enterprise Manager with Oracle. He is also a member of the OakTable Network

and has presented at earlier RMOUG Training Days, Hotsos Symposia, Oracle

OpenWorld conferences, and other user group events. He has coauthored the

Expert Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c and Practical Oracle Database

Appliance books published by Apress.

About the Technical Editor

Matthew Arrocha has been with Oracle for 20 years and started working with

RMAN when it was released in Oracle Database 8.0.3. Over the years he has

provided support and training to Oracle internal and external audiences.

Matthew is the Oracle RMAN Global Technical Lead and Backup & Recovery

Lead for the United States and Canada, and also provides Advanced Resolution

support and BDE bug screening for development. This is the fourth RMAN

Oracle Press book he has reviewed. Matthew thanks Robert Freeman for inviting

him on the project, and Jennifer Dittman for the support in helping him

concentrate on this book review.

Contents at a Glance

PART I

Getting Started with RMAN in Oracle Database 12c

1 Quick-Start Guide for RMAN and Oracle Database 12c

2 Oracle Database 12c Backup and Recovery Architecture Tour

3 Introduction to the RMAN Architecture

4 Oracle Database 12c Multitenant

PART II

RMAN Configuration, Backup, and Recovery Essentials

5 RMAN Setup and Configuration

6 The RMAN Recovery Catalog

7 RMAN Backups

8 RMAN Restore and Recovery

9 Advanced RMAN Recovery Topics

10 Duplication: Cloning the Target Database

PART III

RMAN Maintenance and Administration

11 Maintaining RMAN

12 Monitoring and Reporting in RMAN

13 Performance Tuning RMAN Backup and Recovery Operations

14 Using Oracle Cloud Control for Backup and Recovery

PART IV

RMAN in a Highly Available Architecture

15 RMAN Best Practices

16 Surviving User Errors: Flashback Technologies

17 RMAN and Data Guard

18 RMAN and Real Application Clusters

19 Zero Data Loss Recovery Appliance: Evolution of RMAN to

Enterprise-wide Database Protection Solution

20 RMAN in the Workplace: Case Studies

PART V

RMAN Media Management

21 Media Management Considerations

22 Oracle Secure Backup

23 Backing Up to Amazon Web Services Using the Oracle Secure Backup

Cloud Module

24 Enhancing RMAN with Veritas NetBackup for Oracle

25 Configuring HP Data Protector for Oracle

26 RMAN and Tivoli Storage Manager

27 RMAN and CommVault Simpana

PART VI

Appendixes

A RMAN Scripting Examples

B Setting Up an RMAN Test Environment

Index

Contents

Acknowledgments

Introduction

PART I

Getting Started with RMAN in Oracle Database 12c

1 Quick-Start Guide for RMAN and Oracle Database 12c

Preliminary Steps

Configuring the Database for RMAN Operations

Determine Where the FRA Should Be Located and Create It

Log Into the Database and Configure It to Use the FRA

Put the Database in ARCHIVELOG Mode

Backing Up the Database

Restoring the Database

Summary

2 Oracle Database 12c Backup and Recovery Architecture Tour

What This Book Is About

I’m Already an RMAN Expert—Why Do I Need This Book or This

Chapter?

Let’s Kick Off the Tour

Backup and Recovery Essentials

High Availability

Backup and Recovery

A Few Oracle Terms to Know

Oracle Database Architecture in the Pre-Multitenant Age

The Oracle Processes

Oracle Memory and RMAN

The Oracle Database

More About the Oracle Redo Logs

ARCHIVELOG Mode vs. NOARCHIVELOG Mode

Oracle Logical Structures

The Combined Picture

Startup and Shutdown of the Database

More Oracle Database Internals

Controlling the Database Software

Oracle Backup and Recovery Primer

Logical Backup and Recovery

Oracle Physical Backup and Recovery

Backing Up Other Oracle Components

Summary

3 Introduction to the RMAN Architecture

Server-Managed Recovery

The RMAN Utility

RMAN and Database Privileges

The Network Topology of RMAN Backups

RMAN and Scale

RMAN and Shared Servers

Running RMAN Locally from the Target Database’s

ORACLE_HOME

The Database Control File

Record Reuse in the Control File

The Snapshot Control File

Rebuilding the Control File

The RMAN Server Processes

RMAN Channel Processes

The SYS Packages Used by RMAN

SYS.DBMS_RCVMAN

SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE

Backing Up the Data Block

The Data Block Backup Overview

The Benefits of Block-Level Backups

RMAN in Memory

Input Memory Buffers

RMAN Memory Utilization: PGA vs. SGA

The Recovery Catalog

The Auxiliary Database

Compatibility Issues

The RMAN General Compatibility Rules

The RMAN Process: From Start to Finish

The Fast Recovery Area

Summary

4 Oracle Database 12c Multitenant

Introducing Oracle Multitenant

The CDB

Pluggable Databases

How Does Oracle Multitenant Impact RMAN Backup and

Recovery?

Administering Container Databases

Starting and Stopping the CDB

Common Users

The Pluggable Database

The PDB Name

Creating a PDB

PDB Users

Connecting to a PDB

Asking for Directions: Determining Which PDB You Are In

Architecture of a Pluggable Database

PDB Constraints

PDB Performance

PDB Resource Management

CDBs and PDBs and the Data Dictionary

The Multitenant Database Data Dictionary

PDB Administration

Other CDB-Related Topics

Dropping a CDB

Dropping a PDB

PDB Cloning and Plugging and Unplugging PDBs

Summary

PART II