oil extraction and analysis phần 7 ppt

Chapter 7

Effect of Moisture Content, Grinding, and Extraction

Technologies on Crude Fat Assay

Devanand L. Luthriaa,*, Kirk Noelb, and Dutt Vinjamooric

aUSDA/ARS/FCL, Beltsville, MD 20705; bMonsanto Company, Ankeny, IA 50021; cMonsanto,

St. Louis, MO 63167

Abstract

Conventional breeding as well as transgenic approaches constantly strives to make

improvements to quality traits such as increasing the percentage of oil and/or modify￾ing the oil composition. One of the key challenges faced by the industry is obtaining

accurate, cost-effective, and rapid analysis of oilseeds/grains with enhanced quality

traits such as total crude fat (oil) content or a modified oil composition. Reliable crude

fat analysis is of paramount importance to oilseed businesses because monetary

assessment in the trade of such seeds is based on total oil values. Although several dif￾ferent primary and secondary technologies are available to determine crude fat content

in oilseeds, there are significant variations in the results reported by different proce￾dures. A comparative evaluation of different grinders (Mega-grinder, Knifetec,

Cyclotec, Cemotec, Mikro mill, UDY grinder, Brinkmann-Retsch grinding mill) and

commonly performed crude fat extraction methodologies [accelerated solvent extrac￾tor (ASE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), Ankom batch extraction, automated

Soxtec extraction and classical Butt-tube] on the determination of total crude fat con￾tent in soybean seeds is presented. The results clearly suggest a need for harmoniza￾tion of official primary reference methods across different organizations (e.g., AOCS,

AOAC, AACC, ISO, DGF). This is vital for the development of rugged calibrations

for nondestructive, high-throughput secondary procedures involving near infrared

transmittance, near infrared reflectance/imaging, and nuclear magnetic resonance

spectroscopy. Strategies aimed at harmonization of methods will aid in the develop￾ment of successful business opportunities and obtaining fair trade value for the quali￾ty-enhanced traits in the global market. Recommendations for developing secondary

calibrations and performing interlaboratory studies are also presented.

Introduction

Accurate and precise analysis of crude fat (oil) in corn, canola, and soybeans is

important for different research and commercial programs such as seeds, animal

*Research work was done at Monsanto in Ankeny, IA.

Copyright © 2004 AOCS Press