Những điều cần biết về căn bệnh thế kỷ thoái hóa khớp

Thodi hda khdp Id mdt can benh gfiy thfldng

ton d cdc khdp, bdnh eon dflpc gpi vdi ten

"benh khdp thoai hda kinh niin".

Bdnh thfldng bilu hiln bdi cdn dau cd tinh co hpc,

xdy ra ban ngdy va gdy ban che chflc nfing cuf ddng.

Thoai hda khdp Id mdt tiln trinh thodi hda ldp sun

cua khdp mfi khdng gdy ra hiln tfldng vidm nhiim gi

dfic thfl. Sfl thodi hda ndy dan den sfl phfi huy dan ddn

hodc nhanh chdng ldp sun bao bpc quanh khdp xfldng.

Ddy lfi cfin benh vl khdp thfldng gap nhdt. Cdc

dtfu dilu ddu tidn bat dau xuat Men vdo dd tuli tfl 40

- 50 nhflng thflc sfl can bdnh da "ddm chdi" sdm htfn.

Trong thodi hda khdp, cfic ti n thfldng thfldng d

sun, mfing hoat dich vd xfldng dfldi sun nhung thanh

phdn ti n thfldng chu ylu Id sun.

Thodi hda khdp dflpc bieu hien bdi 3 ti n thfldng

gidi phdu hpc nhfl sau:

- Tin thfldng sun khdp dfldi dang nflt ne vd cd

the gay ra cfic lo hing, dfltfc gpi vdi tfl chuydn mdn

la hing xfltfng.

- Tin thflong ngay tai xfldng do hiln tfldng mtft

calci mdt vdi noi vd ddm dac ndi khfic, thdng thfldng

Id phdn d gdn khdp chiu dp life nfing nhd't: gpi Id

chflng xd cflng khdp dfldi sun.

- Hinh thdnh d mep khdp cac u xfldng nhd: dd Id

cdc gai xfldng,

Cfic tin thfldng nay cd thi kem theo viem mdng

boat dich. Sfl thoai hda sun xdy ra ddn ddn trong mpt

qufi trtnh tfl 10 din 20 nam ma thinh thoang c6 cdc

cdn bdc phdt sung huylt,

Nguyen nha n gay bdnh

Trong thofii hda khdp, sfl phd hfly sun tfldng flng

vdi sfl nflt ne tfl bl mfit vao sau ben trong cua md

sun. Sfl nflt ne nay lien quan din nhflng hidn tfldng

cd hoe nhflng ddng thdi cung do thfldng tin vl mat

sinh hda cua cfi'u true sun.

Cae yd'u td' nguy cd chu ylu bao gdm:

- Ting qufit; ldn tuli, beo phi, man kinh va cdc

bdnh thdp khdp khac.

- Di truyen: thoai hda khdp gia truyin thfldng d

khdp gdi, hdng vd ban tay; cac tat bam sinh nhfl veo

chfin hofic do gen lien quan din gen GDF5, MCF2L.

- Cue bp: do chan thfldng nang hoac nhe nhflng

lfip di lfip lai nhieu lan nhfl lao dOng nfing, cdc trd

thi thao bao life, tin thflong dia ddm...

Cdc dau hi^u cua b^nh thodi hoa kh&p thay

dii tuy theo khdp mfic phai. Tuy nhien, trong da sl

trfldng hdp thfldng cd tridu chflng dau va kho cd dpng.

Trdn ly thuye't, dau do thofii hda khdp lfi dau "cd

hpc" bdi vi nd bilu hidn cfic tfnh chat dac biet sau dfiy:

- Cdn dau xdy ra vfi nang them khi cd ddng.

- Cdn dau ngflng lai hofic giam di khi nghi ngdi.

- Sfing sdm ngu dfiy khdng dau, chi dau trong ngfiy

vfi tdi da vdo chieu tii.

26

MmlAm Rdi loan chflc nang tfldng quan vdi gidi han vdn

ddi^ khdp hi thofii hda. Rdi loan thay dii tfly theo

boat ddng cua henh nhdn. Chang ban nhfl ngfldi chdi

gdn (golf) sd thtfy dau nhflc do thodi hoa khdp gii

trong khi ngfldi chdi dfin piano thi lai bi rd'i loan ^

thodi hda khdp ngdn tay.

Tren ly thuylt, khdp bi thofii hda khdng bi ndng,

do. Nhflng nd cd thi sflng phfl vi trdn dich bao khdp,

nhat lfi d khdp gii.

Lfiu ddi cdc gai xfldng ed th i gdy ra sfl bien dang

cua cac khdp, dl gfip nhat Id d bdn tay vfi ddu gdi.

Ting trang cua benh nhan van tdt. Khdng bi sit

hay sut can,

Cfic ti n thfldng khdp la khdng th i hIi phuc vfi

ngodi di dang khdp eon c6 th i dfin ddn cflng khdp.

Lam sao bid't bi b#nh thoai hoa khdp?

Bac si se khdm vfi chdn dodn dfla vfio sfl bilu

hidn cdn dau d khdp khi cd ddng, nhdt lfi khi gdng

sflc. Dilm dfic biet cua cfin bdnh ndy Id cdn dau xdy

ra ban ngay chfl khdng vdo ban ddm vd khdng c6

bilu hiln cflng khdp keo dai khi thflc A%y.

Han che chflc nfing vfin ddng dflpc dfinh gid dfla

tren cdc chi dilm dau chflc nfing.

Binh thodi hda khdp tien triln theo 3 dang sau:

- Dang tieu te bao sun nhanh vdi sfl phd buy hofin

toan sun trong khdp trong khodng tfl 6 - 24 thfing.

- Dang thofii hda khdp tiln triln chdm, khdng cd

cdn hoc phdt simg phu.

- Dang thoai hda khdp tien triln theo tflng cdn

bpc phfit vdi cfic giai doan phfi huy sun rdi chuyin

sang I n dinh.

Ngodi ra, bdc si se hdi dl xem gdn ddy bdnh cd

tien triln nfing thdm do cfic tridu chflng nhfl vidm

nhilm hay khdng.

THUdc & SCC KHOE sd490 (15.12,2013)