Nhân giống vô tính in vitro cây chanh dây (Passiflora edulis sím.) sử dụng đoạn thân mang chồi nách

Tgp chi Cdng nghe Sinh hgc 8(3): 379-385, 2010

NHAN GIONG VO TINH IN VITRO CAY CHANH DAY (PASSIFLORA EDULIS SIMS.)

Sir DUNG DOAN THAN MANG CHO I NACH

Le Van Tairng Huan, Pham Quang Vii

Truang Dgi hgc Khoa hgc, Dgi hgc Hiii

TOMTAT

Su tao chdi tir doan than mang chdi nach Chanh day (Passiflora ediilis Sims.) ;;; vitro dugc nghien cim

tren mdi trudng co ban MS cd bd sung N^-Benzyl adenin (BA). Trong cac mdi trudng nghien cim, mdi trudng

CO bd sung 0,5 mg/L BA la mdi trudng tot nhat cho tao cum chdi tir doan than mang chdi nach. Viec bd sung

nude dira (0 - 20%) vao mdi trudng nudi cay cd 0,5 mg/L BA da lam giam kha nang tao chdi hr doan than

mang chdi nach. Trong cac mdi trudng co ban MS cd bd sung a-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), mdi trudng cd

bo sung 0,25 mg/L NAA la mdi trudng thich hgp nhat de tao re d chdi in vitro. Gay con in vitro phat trien rat

tot vdi ty le sdng la 100% khi chuyen ra trdng ngoai dat va khdng cd bat thudng ve hinh thai. He thdng nay cd

the sir dung hieu qua de nhan gidng vd tinh in vitro d cay Chanh day.

Tir khoa: cay con, Chanh ddy, cum chdi, dogn thdn mang chdi nach, nhdn gidng vd tinh in vitro, tgo re

MODAU

Chanh day (Passiflora edulis Sims.), thudc hg

Passifloraceae, chii yeu diing de san xuat nude trai

cay, diing lam nude giai khat hang ngay hay ddng

chai. Nude Chanh day bd dudng va cd huong vi dac

biet nen dugc ua chudng. Chanh day cdn dugc dimg

khi lam banh, keo, mut, kem, nude xdt. Nude Chanh

day cd tac dung bd, mat, thanh nhiet, tieu khat, an

than, nhuan trang, Igi tieu. Ngoai ra, re va la Chanh

day cd kha nang tri chirng mat ngii, la cd the diing

trong dieu tri benh dau bao tir, benh cao huyet ap,

suy nhugc than kinh (Domelas et al, 1995; Kuriyama

etal, 1998; Morton, 1987; Rudnicki et al, 2005).

O Viet Nam, trong thdi gian gan day, cay Chanh

day da dugc chu y bdi Igi ich kinh te ciia nd. San

pham thuang mai ngoai trai cay tuoi cdn cd nude

Chanh day ep ddng chai ciia Yng Shin Vietnam

Co.Ltd, Ha Ndi, nude cdt Chanh day cua Cdng ty

Shin Sang, Da Lat...Tuy nhien, hien nay d Viet Nam,

cay Chanh day dugc trdng cdn phan tan va chat

lugng khdng deu, khdng the dap irng nhu cau ngay

cang tang ve nguyen lieu. Phuong phap nhan gidng

truyen thdng (bang hat hay doan than) cd nhiing

nhugc diem nhu do bien ddng di truyen cao, khdng

ddng nhat hoac cd he sd nhan gidng thap. Phuang

phap nhan gidng vd tinh /;; vitro cd the khac phyc

cac nhugc diem dd, cd the cung cap mdt lugng Idn

cay con trong thdi gian ngaii vdi chat lugng ddng

ddu nham myc dich phat trien san xuat d quy md

cdng nghiep.

Xuat phat tir nhiing ca sd tren, chiing tdi da tien

hanh nghien cuu nhan gidng vd tinh in vitro cay

Chanh day sir dyng doan than mang chdi nach.

NGUYEN LIEU vA PHUONG PHA P

Nguyen lieu

Nguyen lieu sir dyng trong cac thi nghiem gdm

doan than mang chdi nach kem mdt la, tach tii' cac

chdi cd ngudn gdc tir nudi cay in vitro doan than

mang chdi nach ciia cay ngoai ty nhien, va cac chdi

tach tir cym chdi tao thanh.

Phirgng phap nghien ciru

Cac thi nghiem dugc tien hanh d dieu kien nhiet

do 25 ± 2''C, cudng do anh sang 2000 - 3000 lux va

thdi gian chieu sang la 16 h/ngay.

Nghien ciru dnh hwdng cua BA len khd ndng tao

cum choi in vitro tir dogn thdn mang choi ndch

Doan than mang chdi nach (khoang 1 cm) tach tir

cac chdi in vitro dugc cay len mdi trudng co ban MS

(Murashige, Skoog, 1962) cd 2% succrose, 0,8%

agar va bd sung N^-Benzyl adenine (BA) vdi cac

ndng do 0 - 4,0 mg/L de tham dd kha nang tao chdi

ciia mau. Sd lieu nghien cim dugc thu sau 6 tuan

nudi cay. Mdi thi nghiem nudi cay 20 mau. Thi

nghiem dugc lap lai 3 lan.

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