Ngữ cảnh giao tiếp trong nền văn hóa Việt Nam

Dang Thi Thu Hm Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG N'GHE 15210"' 1): 189- 194

COMMUMCATIO N CONTEXTS IN METNAMESE CL LTL RE

Dang Thi Thu Huong'*. Bui Thi Kieu Giang"

SUMMARY

fnlTr"" " " '^" ""u""' '"^^°-^>'"?- ^ -cening infomiaiion. thoushis. feelings bcU^een

mdiMduals or groups. However, the diferences from culture lo culture m «hich the'mesace is

convejed and perceued can cause miscommumcaiion. cultural shocks and communicalion

breakdov^-n m inierculmral commumcation because the form and ihe conienl of the message are

to certain extents, coniext-dependeni

This paper aims at investigating major differences bemeen a hieher^on.exi culture and a lo«er￾coniexi one^ and ai attemptmg to describe Vietnamese communication in terms of context levels

The paper begins with general issues of communicalion components contexi elements and then

analjses certain situations which readiK lend ihemsej^es lo a certain k^'\ of context

The smdv of communication contexts in Vietnamese culture^ could uarrani

understanding among culmres: dierefore. it impro.es cross-cultural commumcation b. a^

miscommunication and culniral shocks

KejTvords: communication, communicalion ^uniexi^ ^-I'-iure V<v - nnexi •'n i-, i

culture, inlercullural comimmicaiion cultural 'hai: """ ' ""

mutual

INTRODUCTION

Though communicating is unnersal among

Ihe human race, and among cultures, hou the

message is con\e\ed and perceived differs

from culture to culture II is these difTerences

that cause miscommunication. cultural shocks

and communication breakdown in

intercultural communication The differences

ean be - to the largest extent - bet\\een

individualism and collectuism. equalin and

hierarch\, low and high power distance,

masculinity and femininm. or low-context

and high-context. Of these l\ pes of

diflerence, le\els of low- \ersu= high-context

in commumcation could be useful in

describing cultures and iheir preferable

communicalion fashions,

COMMUNICATION COMPONENTS AND

CONTEXTS

Communication Components

Communicalion. b> nature, is "the exchange

of ideas, information, etc, between two or

•nore persons" (Richards et al, 1992:64) This

exchange, accordmg to them, invokes - at

lias! - a speaker/ sender, a message to be

' /•/ n944 06ll3'>5 Emad d,huongd)-jp„-ragmaiUom

transmitted a person or persons for whom the

message is iniended. i e ihe recener, !n their

definilion - e\en though simplified - ihere is a

lack of a components which is \iial lo the

communication itself ihe conlexi of

communication

Sa\ille-Troike (1982 i3"-I6") identifies the

10 components that deed to be described in an

anaKsis of a communicative e\ent. consistinc

of llj the genre. tZ) the topic. (3) lhe

purpose function. (4) the sening. (5) the

panicipants. (6) the message form, f") the

message conlent. (8i the act sequence. (9) the

rules for interaction, and (10) lhe norms of

interprelalion She goes on. poiniina oui.

The interrelationships of components ma\ be

ven. complex, as «hen the message form of a

greeting is influenced not onh h\ the season

lime of da>. and ph}sical location, but the

age. sex. and role relationship of the

panicipants. and the purpose of the encounter

(Saville-Troike, 1982 149-150)

In an anempt to point oul the components of

communication, de \'ito 1199014-251 argues

that interpersonal communication consists of

11) at least 2 persons, of whom each acls as

both the source and the recener of messai^e-.

hence "source - recener".

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