Thư viện tri thức trực tuyến
Kho tài liệu với 50,000+ tài liệu học thuật
© 2023 Siêu thị PDF - Kho tài liệu học thuật hàng đầu Việt Nam
Nghiên cứu ngôn ngữ UML và ứng dụng
Nội dung xem thử
Mô tả chi tiết
SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 1
http://www.ebooks.vdcmedia.com
MUÅC LUÅC
LÚÂI CAÃM ÚN...............................................................................................19
LÚÂI MÚÃ ÀÊÌU...............................................................................................20
MÖÅT SÖË TÛÂ VIÏËT TÙÆT...............................................................................22
Chûúng 1 ......................................................................................................23
TÖÍNG QUAN 1 ............................................................................................23
1.1. Yïu cêìu thûåc tïë ...................................................................................23
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 2 ............................................................................24
1.2. Giúái thiïåu UML..................................................................................24
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 3 ............................................................................25
1.3 Nguyïn nhên ra àúâi..............................................................................25
1.3. Nguyïn nhên ra àúâi.............................................................................25
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 4 ............................................................................26
1.4. Têìm quan troång cuãa viïåc mö hònh hoáa..................................................26
Chûúng 1 ......................................................................................................27
TÖÍNG QUAN 5 ............................................................................................27
1.5. Xu hûúáng phaát triïín trong ngaânh cöng nghïå phêìn mïìm.........................27
Chûúng 1 ......................................................................................................28
TÖÍNG QUAN 6 ............................................................................................28
1.3.3. Sûå höåi tuå cuãa caác cöng nghïå..............................................................28
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 7 ............................................................................29
1.7. UML húåp nhêët caác yá tûúãng nöîi bêåt vaâ nhûäng vêën àïì thûåc tïë trong quaá
trònh phaát triïín cuãa cöng nghïå phêìn mïìm....................................................29
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 8 ............................................................................30
1.8. UML àöåc lêåp vúái ngön ngûä lêåp trònh vaâ qui trònh phaát triïín phêìn mïìm..30
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 9 ............................................................................30
1.9. UML laâ ngön ngûä mö hònh hoáa àa duång (general purpose)....................30
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 10 ..........................................................................31
1.10. UML àûúåc höî trúå búãi caác cöng ty, cöng cuå phaát triïín phêìn mïìm.........31
1.10.1. UML laâ möåt chuêín cöng nghiïåp ..................................................31
SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 2
http://www.ebooks.vdcmedia.com
1.10.2. Caác lúåi ñch cuãa UML...................................................................31
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 11 ..........................................................................32
1.11. Àöëi vúái ngûúâi sûã duång UML..............................................................32
1.11.1. UML cung cêëp cú chïë múã röång vaâ àùåc biïåt hoáa àïí múã röång caác khaái
niïåm cöët loäi............................................................................................32
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 12 ..........................................................................33
1.12. UML àêíy maånh taái sûã duång trong nïìn cöng nghïå phêìn mïìm. ..............33
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 13 ..........................................................................34
1.13. So saánh vúái caác phûúng phaáp khaác.....................................................34
Chûúng 1 ......................................................................................................35
TÖÍNG QUAN 14..........................................................................................35
Chûúng 1 ......................................................................................................36
TÖÍNG QUAN 15..........................................................................................36
1.15. Lõch sûã phaát triïín ..............................................................................36
Chûúng 1 ......................................................................................................36
TÖÍNG QUAN 16..........................................................................................36
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 17 ..........................................................................37
1.17. Kiïën truác töíng quan cuãa UML...........................................................37
1.17.1. Kiïën truác cuãa UML.....................................................................37
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 18 ..........................................................................38
1.18. Caác mö hònh......................................................................................38
1.18.1. Cêëu truác View ............................................................................38
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 19 ..........................................................................39
1.19. Nhûäng lûúåc àöì ..................................................................................39
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 20 ..........................................................................39
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 21 ..........................................................................40
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 22.......................................................................................41
2.1. Giúái thiïåu ...........................................................................................41
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 23.......................................................................................42
2.2 Töíng quan vïì caác loaåi quan hïå giûäa caác thaânh töë ...................................42
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 24.......................................................................................43
2.3. Quan hïå töíng quaát hoáa (generalization)................................................43
2.3.1. Quan hïå kïët húåp (association) .......................................................43
SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 3
http://www.ebooks.vdcmedia.com
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 25.......................................................................................44
2.5. Quan hïå phuå thuöåc (dependency).........................................................44
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 26.......................................................................................45
2.6. Töíng quan vïì caác thaânh töë vaâ cêëu truác UML metamodel.......................45
2.6.1. Phên loaåi thaânh töë trong UML metamodel .....................................45
2.6.2. Cêëu truác UML metamodel.............................................................45
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 27.......................................................................................46
2.7. Package Foundation (goái nïìn taãng)......................................................46
2.7.1. Package Core (goái cöët loäi).............................................................46
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 28.......................................................................................47
2.8. Mö hònh Backbone (sûúân)...................................................................47
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 29.......................................................................................48
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 30.......................................................................................49
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 31.......................................................................................49
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 32.......................................................................................50
2.12. Mö hònh Relationships (caác quan hïå)..................................................50
2.12.1. Quan hïå töíng quaát hoáa (generalization)........................................50
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 33.......................................................................................51
2.13. Quan hïå kïët húåp (Association)...........................................................51
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 34.......................................................................................51
2.14. Lúáp kïët húåp (AssociationClass).........................................................51
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 35.......................................................................................52
2.15. Mö hònh Classifiers (caác àùåc biïåt hoáa cuãa classifiers)..........................52
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 36.......................................................................................52
2.16. Class (lúáp)........................................................................................52
SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 4
http://www.ebooks.vdcmedia.com
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 37.......................................................................................53
2.17. Interface (giao diïån)..........................................................................53
2.17.1. DataType (kiïíu dûä liïåu) ..............................................................53
2.17.2. Node (nuát)..................................................................................53
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 38.......................................................................................54
2.38. Component (thaânh phêìn)...................................................................54
2.38.1. Mö hònh Dependencies (caác quan hïå phuå thuöåc)...........................54
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 39.......................................................................................55
2.39. Binding (gùæn)....................................................................................55
2.39.1. Abstraction (trûâu tûúång hoáa) .......................................................55
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 40.......................................................................................55
2.40. Usage (sûã duång)................................................................................55
2.40.1. Permisson (cho pheáp)..................................................................55
2.41.2. Mö hònh AuxiliaryElements (caác thaânh töë böí sung)......................55
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 41.......................................................................................56
2.41. TemplateParameter (tham söë cho mêîu)...............................................56
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 42.......................................................................................56
2.42. PresentationElement (thaânh töë biïíu diïîn trûåc quan) ............................56
2.42.1. Package Extension Mechanisms (goái cú chïë múã röång)..................57
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 43.......................................................................................57
2.43. Constraint (raâng buöåc).......................................................................57
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 44.......................................................................................58
2.44. Tagged Value (theã giaá trõ)..................................................................58
2.44.1. Caác kiïíu dûä liïåu trong UML metamodel (Data Types)..................58
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 45.......................................................................................59
2.45. Caác kiïíu dûä liïåu trong Data Types .....................................................59
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 46.......................................................................................59
SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 5
http://www.ebooks.vdcmedia.com
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 47.......................................................................................60
2.47. Package Behavioural Elements (goái thaânh töë haânh vi).........................60
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 48.......................................................................................61
2.48. Package Common Behavior (goái haânh vi töíng quaát)...........................61
2.48.1. Mö hònh Signals (tñn hiïåu)...........................................................61
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 49.......................................................................................62
2.49. Reception (thaânh töë nhêån tñn hiïåu) .....................................................62
2.49.1. Signal (tñn hiïåu)..........................................................................62
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 50.......................................................................................62
2.50. Exception (löîi biïåt lïå)........................................................................62
2.50.1. Mö hònh Actions (taác àöång).........................................................62
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 51.......................................................................................63
2.51. Argument (àöëi söë).............................................................................63
2.51.1. Action (taác àöång)........................................................................63
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 52.......................................................................................64
2.52. ActionSequence (taác àöång phûác)........................................................64
2.52.1. Mö hònh Instances and Links (thïí hiïån vaâ liïn kïët).......................64
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 53.......................................................................................64
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 54.......................................................................................65
2.54. Stimulus (taác nhên) ...........................................................................65
2.54.2. AttributeLink (theã thuöåc tñnh)......................................................65
2.54.2. LinkEnd (möëi liïn kïët)................................................................65
2.54.3. Link (liïn kïët).............................................................................65
2.54.4. Instance (thïí hiïån) ......................................................................65
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 55.......................................................................................66
2.55. Package Collaborations (goái cöång taác)............................................66
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 56.......................................................................................66
SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 6
http://www.ebooks.vdcmedia.com
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 57.......................................................................................67
2.57. AssociationEndRole (vai cuãa möëi kïët húåp).........................................67
2.57.1. AssociationRole (vai cuãa quan hïå kïët húåp)...................................67
2.57.2. ClassifierRole (vai cuãa Classifier) ...............................................67
2.57.3. Collaboration (cöång taác)..............................................................67
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 58.......................................................................................68
2.58. Message (thöng àiïåp)........................................................................68
2.58.1. Package Use Cases (goái Use Cases).............................................68
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 59.......................................................................................69
2.59. Actor (taác nhên)................................................................................69
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 60.......................................................................................69
2.60. Extend (múã röång)..............................................................................69
2.60.1. Include (bao göìm).......................................................................69
2.60.2. UseCase .....................................................................................69
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 61.......................................................................................70
2.61. Package State Machines (goái mö hònh traång thaái)................................70
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 62.......................................................................................71
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 63.......................................................................................71
2.63. StateVertex (àiïím traång thaái).............................................................71
2.63. State (traång thaái) ...............................................................................71
2.63.1. PseudoState (traång thaái giaã).........................................................71
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 64.......................................................................................73
2.64. Transition (chuyïín traång thaái)............................................................73
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 65.......................................................................................73
2.65. CompositeState (traång thaái phûác).......................................................73
2.65.1. StateMachine .................................................................................74
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 66.......................................................................................74
SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 7
http://www.ebooks.vdcmedia.com
2.66. Mö hònh Events (sûå kiïån)...................................................................74
2.66.1. Package Activity Graphs (goái lûúåc àöì hoaåt àöång).........................74
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 67.......................................................................................75
2.67. ActionState (traång thaái hoaåt àöång)......................................................75
2.67.1. ActivityGraph (àöì thõ hoaåt àöång).................................................75
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 68.......................................................................................76
2.68. ObjectFlowState (traång thaái àöëi tûúång luên chuyïín)............................76
2.68.1. Partition (vuâng) ..........................................................................76
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 69.......................................................................................76
2.69. Package Model Management (goái quaãn trõ mö hònh)...........................76
2.69.1. Elementimport............................................................................77
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 70.......................................................................................77
2.70. Model (mö hònh)...............................................................................77
2.70.1. Package (goái)..............................................................................77
2.70.2. Subsystem (hïå thöëng con)...........................................................77
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 71.......................................................................................78
2.71. Toám tùæt.............................................................................................78
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................78
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 72 ...................................................78
3.1. Giúái thiïåu ...........................................................................................78
Chûúng 3 HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 73....................................79
3.2. Caác thaânh phêìn cú baãn cuãa lûúåc àöì ......................................................79
3.2.1. Àöì thõ vaâ nöåi dung (Graphs and their Contents)..............................79
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................80
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 74 ...................................................80
3.3. Caác àûúâng dêîn (Drawing Paths) ..........................................................80
3.3.1. Caác liïn kïët êín vaâ vai troâ cuãa cöng cuå............................................80
3.3.2. Thöng tin nïìn (Background Information).......................................80
3.3.3. Chuöîi (String), tïn (Name),nhaän (Label) vaâ tûâ khoáa.......................81
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................81
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 75 ...................................................81
3.4. Biïíu thûác (Expression)........................................................................81
SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 8
http://www.ebooks.vdcmedia.com
3.4.1. Ghi Chuá (Note).............................................................................81
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................82
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 76 ...................................................82
3.5. Sûå tûúng quan giûäa caác loaåi thaânh töë vaâ thïí hiïån cuãa noá........................82
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................82
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 77 ...................................................82
3.6. Caác thaânh phêìn quaãn trõ mö hònh (model management).........................82
3.6.1. Goái (Package)...............................................................................82
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................83
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 78 ...................................................83
3.7. Caác thaânh phêìn quaãn trõ mö hònh (model management).........................83
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................84
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 79 ...................................................84
3.8. Subsystem..........................................................................................84
3.8.1. Ngûä nghôa ....................................................................................84
3.8.2. Kyá hiïåu ........................................................................................84
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................85
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 80 ...................................................85
3.9 Caác thaânh phêìn quaãn trõ mö hònh (model management)..........................85
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................85
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 81 ...................................................85
3.10. Model...............................................................................................85
3.10.1. Ngûä nghôa...................................................................................85
3.10.2. Kyá hiïåu ......................................................................................85
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................86
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 82 ...................................................86
3.11. Caác cú chïë múã röång töíng quaát............................................................86
3.11.1. Raâng buöåc (Constraint) vaâ chuá thñch (Comment)..........................86
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................87
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 83 ...................................................87
3.12. Kyá hiïåu.........................................................................................87
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................87
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 84 ...................................................87
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................88
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 85 ...................................................88
3.13. Thuöåc tñnh cuãa caác thaânh töë (Element Properties) ...............................88
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................89
SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 9
http://www.ebooks.vdcmedia.com
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 86 ...................................................89
3.14. Caác mêîu (Stereotypes).......................................................................89
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................89
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 87 ...................................................89
3.15. Caác lûúåc àöì.......................................................................................89
3.15.1. Giúái thiïåu...................................................................................89
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................90
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 88 ...................................................90
3.16. Lûúåc àöì lúáp (Class Diagram).............................................................90
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................91
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 89 ...................................................91
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................91
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 90 ...................................................91
3.17. Chûác nùng.........................................................................................91
3.17.1. Caác thaânh phêìn chñnh..................................................................91
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................92
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 91 ...................................................92
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................93
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 92 ...................................................93
3.18. Interface ...........................................................................................93
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................94
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 93 ...................................................94
3.19. Caác loaåi quan hïå................................................................................94
3.19.1. Quan hïå kïët húåp (association)......................................................94
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................94
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 94 ...................................................94
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................95
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 95 ...................................................95
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................95
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 96 ...................................................95
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................96
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 97 ...................................................96
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................97
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 98 ...................................................97
3.20. Quan hïå töíng quaát hoáa.......................................................................97
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................97
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 99 ...................................................97
SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 10
http://www.ebooks.vdcmedia.com
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................98
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 100 .................................................98
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................98
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 101 .................................................98
3.21. Quan hïå phuå thuöåc (Dependency)......................................................98
Chûúng 3 ......................................................................................................99
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 101 .................................................99
3.22. Caác thaânh töë àûúåc tñnh toaán (hay àûúåc dêîn xuêët – derived Element)....99
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................100
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 103 ...............................................100
3.23. Lûúåc àöì àöëi tûúång (Object Diagram)................................................100
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................100
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 104 ...............................................100
3.24. Caác thaânh phêìn chñnh ......................................................................100
3.24.1. Caác àöëi tûúång (Objects) ............................................................100
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................101
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 105 ...............................................101
3.25. Àöëi tûúång gheáp (Composite Object).................................................101
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................102
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 106 ...............................................102
3.26. Caác liïn kïët (Link)..........................................................................102
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................103
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 107 ...............................................103
3.27. Lûúåc àöì Use Case (Use Case Diagram)............................................103
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................103
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 108 ...............................................103
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................104
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 109 ...............................................104
3.29. Caác thaânh phêìn chñnh ......................................................................104
3.29.1. Caác Use case ............................................................................104
3.29.2. Caác taác nhên (Actors)................................................................104
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................105
Hïå thöëng kyá hiïåu (UML Notation) 110.........................................................105
3.30. Caác quan hïå trïn Use case ...............................................................105
Chûúng 3 HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 111................................106
3.31. Caác quan hïå trïn actor.....................................................................106
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................106
SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 11
http://www.ebooks.vdcmedia.com
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 112 ...............................................106
3.32. Lûúåc àöì tuêìn tûå (Sequence Diagram)...............................................106
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................107
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 113 ...............................................107
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................107
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 114 ...............................................107
3.33. Caác thaânh phêìn chñnh ......................................................................107
3.33.1. Viïåc taåo vaâ huãy möåt àöëi tûúång...................................................108
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................108
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 115 ...............................................108
3.34. Thöng àiïåp khöng àöìng böå vaâ àïå qui ...............................................108
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................109
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 116 ...............................................109
3.35. Thúâi gian chuyïín thöng àiïåp trong lûúåc àöì tuêìn tûå ...........................109
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................109
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 117 ...............................................109
3.36. Lûúåc àöì cöång taác (Collaboration Diagram).......................................109
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................110
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 118 ...............................................110
3.37. Caác thaânh phêìn chñnh ......................................................................110
3.37.1. Caác àöëi tûúång ...........................................................................110
3.37.2. Caác liïn kïët ..............................................................................110
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................111
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 119 ...............................................111
3.38. Thöng àiïåp vaâ caác kñch thñch ...........................................................111
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................112
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 120 ...............................................112
3.39. Cuá phaáp àùåt tïn nhaän.......................................................................112
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................113
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 121 ...............................................113
3.40. Lûúåc àöì traång thaái (Statechart Diagram)...........................................113
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................113
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 122 ...............................................113
3.41. Caác thaânh phêìn chñnh ......................................................................113
3.41.1. Traång thaái (state) ......................................................................113
Chûúng 3....................................................................................................114
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 123 ...............................................114
SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 12
http://www.ebooks.vdcmedia.com
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................115
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 124 ...............................................115
3.42. Traång thaái gheáp (Composite state)....................................................115
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................115
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 125 ...............................................115
3.42. Sûå kiïån (event)................................................................................115
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................116
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 126 ...............................................116
3.43. Caác chuyïín àöíi traång thaái àún giaãn (simple transitions) ....................116
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................117
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 127 ...............................................117
3.44. Caác chuyïín àöíi traång thaái phûác taåp (complex transitions)..................117
3.43.1. History Indicator.......................................................................117
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................118
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 128 ...............................................118
3.45. Caác traång thaái àöìng böå (synch states)...............................................118
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................118
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 129 ...............................................118
3.46. Lûúåc àöì hoaåt àöång (Activity Diagram).............................................118
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................119
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 130 ...............................................119
3.47. Caác thaânh phêìn chñnh ......................................................................119
3.46.1. Caác traång thaái haânh àöång (action state)......................................119
3.46.2. Caác quyïët àõnh (decisions)........................................................119
Chûúng 3....................................................................................................120
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 131 ...............................................120
3.48. Swimlanes vaâ àöëi tûúång trong lûúåc àöì hoaåt àöång..............................120
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................121
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 132 ...............................................121
3.49. Caác biïíu tûúång àiïìu khiïín ...............................................................121
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................122
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 133 ...............................................122
3.50. Lûúåc àöì thaânh phêìn (Component Diagram)......................................122
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................122
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 134 ...............................................122
3.51. Caác thaânh phêìn chñnh ......................................................................122
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................123
SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 13
http://www.ebooks.vdcmedia.com
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 135 ...............................................123
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................123
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 136 ...............................................123
3.52. Lûúåc àöì triïín khai (Deployment Diagram) .......................................123
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................125
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 137 ...............................................125
3.53. Toám tùæt...........................................................................................125
Chûúng 3 ....................................................................................................125
HÏÅ THÖËNG KYÁ HIÏÅU (UML Notation) 138 ...............................................125
3.54. Toám tùæt...........................................................................................125
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 139 ...................................................................................................126
4.1. Giúái thiïåu .........................................................................................126
4.2. Giúái thiïåu Rational Unified Process (RUP) ........................................126
4.2.1. Khaái quaát vïì RUP.......................................................................126
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 140 ...................................................................................................127
4.3. Giúái thiïåu Rational Unified Process (RUP) ........................................127
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 141 ...................................................................................................128
4.4 Giúái thiïåu Rational Unified Process (RUP) .........................................128
4.4.1. Kiïën truác cuãa RUP......................................................................128
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 142 ...................................................................................................128
4.5 Giúái thiïåu Rational Unified Process (RUP).........................................128
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 143 ...................................................................................................129
4.6. Giúái thiïåu Rational Unified Process (RUP) ........................................129
4.6.1. Cêëu truác tônh cuãa quy trònh..........................................................130
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 144 ...................................................................................................130
4.7. Giúái thiïåu Rational Unified Process (RUP) ........................................130
4.7.1. Caác àùåc àiïím phên biïåt cuãa RUP so vúái caác quy trònh phaát triïín phêìn
mïìm khaác............................................................................................130
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 145 ...................................................................................................131
4.8. RUP têåp trung vaâo kiïën truác phêìn mïìm..............................................131
SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 14
http://www.ebooks.vdcmedia.com
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 146 ...................................................................................................132
4.9. RUP laâ quy trònh lùåp vaâ tùng trûúãng tûâng bûúác...................................132
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 147 ...................................................................................................133
4.10. ÛÁng duång UML trong RUP .............................................................133
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 148 ...................................................................................................134
4.11. Mö hònh hoáa nghiïåp vuå (business modeling).....................................134
4.11.1. Mö hònh nghiïåp vuå (Business Use Case)....................................134
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 149 ...................................................................................................135
4.12. ÛÁng duång UML trong RUP .............................................................135
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 150 ...................................................................................................135
4.13. Mö hònh àöëi tûúång nghiïåp vuå (Business Object)...............................135
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 151 ...................................................................................................136
4.13. Xaác àõnh yïu cêìu (requirements)......................................................136
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 152 ...................................................................................................137
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 153 ...................................................................................................137
4.14. Phên tñch (analysis).........................................................................137
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 154 ...................................................................................................138
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 155 ...................................................................................................139
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 156 ...................................................................................................140
4.15. Thiïët kïë (design).............................................................................140
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 155 ...................................................................................................141
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 155 ...................................................................................................141
4.16. Caâi àùåt (implementation).................................................................142
SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 15
http://www.ebooks.vdcmedia.com
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 159 ...................................................................................................143
4.16. Kiïím chûáng (test)............................................................................143
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 160 ...................................................................................................143
4.17. Phaát triïín möåt ûáng duång quaãn lyá giaáo vuå theo RUP...........................143
4.17.1. Giúái thiïåu ûáng duång ..................................................................143
4.17.2. Sú lûúåc yïu cêìu vaâ àùåc àiïím.....................................................144
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 161 ...................................................................................................144
4.18. Phaát triïín ûáng duång theo caác workflow cuãa RUP ..............................144
4.18.1. Mö hònh hoáa nghiïåp vuå (business modeling)..............................144
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 162 ...................................................................................................145
4.19. Xaác àõnh yïu cêìu (requirements)......................................................145
4.19.1. Phên loaåi ngûúâi sûã duång (actor) vaâ tòm caác chûác nùng cuãa hïå thöëng
(use case) cho möîi loaåi ngûúâi sûã duång naây.............................................145
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 163 ...................................................................................................146
4.20. Phên loaåi caác use case theo àöå ûu tiïn ..............................................146
4.20.1. Lêåp sûu liïåu mö taã chi tiïët cho tûâng chûác nùng...........................146
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 164 ...................................................................................................148
4.21. Cêëu truác caác use case bùçng caách xaác àõnh caác quan hïå giûäa...............148
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 165 ...................................................................................................148
4.22. Phên tñch (analysis).........................................................................148
4.22.1. Phên tñch kiïën truác hïå thöëng ......................................................148
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 166 ...................................................................................................149
4.23. Phên tñch möåt use case.....................................................................149
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 167 ...................................................................................................150
4.24. Phên tñch möåt analysis class.............................................................150
Chûúng 4 ÛÁNG DUÅNG UML TRONG QUY TRÒNH PHAÁT TRIÏÍN PHÊÌN
MÏÌM 168 ...................................................................................................151
4.25. Thiïët kïë (design).............................................................................151