Mathematics exam 1 ppt

Types of Measurements

The types of measurements used most frequently in the

United States are listed below:

Units of Length

12 inches (in.) = 1 foot (ft.)

3 feet = 36 inches = 1 yard (yd.)

5,280 feet = 1,760 yards = 1 mile (mi.)

Units of Volume

8 ounces* (oz.) = 1 cup (c.)

2 cups = 16 ounces = 1 pint (pt.)

2 pints = 4 cups = 32 ounces = 1 quart (qt.)

4 quarts = 8 pints = 16 cups = 128 ounces = 1 gallon

(gal.)

Units of Weight

16 ounces* (oz.) = 1 pound (lb.)

2,000 pounds = 1 ton (T.)

Units of Time

60 seconds (sec.) = 1 minute (min.)

60 minutes = 1 hour (hr.)

24 hours = 1 day

7 days = 1 week

52 weeks = 1 year (yr.)

12 months = 1 year

365 days = 1 year

*Notice that ounces are used to measure both the volume and

weight.

Converting Units

When performing mathematical operations, it is neces￾sary to convert units of measure to simplify a problem.

Units of measure are converted by using either multipli￾cation or division:

■ To change a larger unit to a smaller unit, simply

multiply the specific number of larger units by

the number of smaller units that makes up one of

the larger units.

For example, to find the number of inches in 5

feet, simply multiply 5, the number of larger units,

by 12, the number of inches in one foot:

5 feet = how many inches?

5 feet × 12 inches (the number of inches in a single

foot) = 60 inches

Therefore, there are 60 inches in 5 feet.

Try another:

Change 3.5 tons to pounds.

3.5 tons = how many pounds?

3.5 tons × 2,000 pounds (the number of pounds in

a single ton) = 6,500 pounds

Therefore, there are 6,500 pounds in 3.5 tons.

■ To change a smaller unit to a larger unit, simply

divide the specific number of smaller units by the

number of smaller units in only one of the larger

units.

For example, to find the number of pints in 64

ounces, simply divide 64, the smaller unit, by 16,

the number of ounces in one pint.

= 4 pints

Therefore, 64 ounces are equal to four pints.

Here is one more:

Change 24 ounces to pounds.

= 2 pounds

Therefore, 32 ounces are equal to two pounds.

Basic Operations with

Measurement

It will be necessary for you to review how to add, sub￾tract, multiply, and divide with measurement. The

mathematical rules needed for each of these operations

with measurement follow.

Addition with Measurements

To add measurements, follow these two steps:

1. Add like units.

2. Simplify the answer.

32 ounces

16 ounces

64 ounces

16 ounces

specific number of the smaller unit

the number of smaller units in one larger unit

–MEASUREMENT AND GEOMETRY–

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