Loãng xương ở người cao tuổi

' I * f: s ^tfdntf d

Dau vdng that lung do loang xUang

ddt sdng thit lung

^ ^ hi ndi vl loang xdffng, moi

1b^ ngddi thddng nghi de'n

^bgnh d phu nd ldn tudi,

dieu nay dung nhung chfla du.

Loang xflffng Id tien trinh tu nhien

cua cd the, trong qua trinh lao hda,

khi tao cd't bao hoat ddng kem hffn

hiay co't bdo, xUffng trd ndn xdp vd

de gay. Vi the, bgnh xdy ra d ngfldi

cao tudi, ea nam va nd, anh hddng

den sdc khde ngddi bgnh do trieu

chiing dau va nguy cO gay xddng

hign dien thddng xuydn. Ngodi ra,

cd nhtftig trudng hop loang xfldng

do mgt sd nguygn nhdn khdc nhfl

cfldng tuyg'n giap, cddng tuye'n can

gidp, ddi thdo dddng, nghign rdou,

ndm dieu tri ldu tai giddng, dung

mdt sd thud'c nhu corticoid khdng

dung cdch vd keo dai; loang xddng

do cac nguyen nhdn nay co the gap

d bd't ky Ida tuoi nao vd khdng

thude pham vi bdi ndy.

Qua trinh loang xddng xay ra rat

sdm, td lde hffn 30 tuoi, sif khodng

hda kem hdn sd huy xdffng gay ra

ma't chat mgt each am tham vd lidn

tuc, ddn khi trgn 50 - 60 tudi thi

trigu chdng dau xuat hign, chu ye'u

d cdt sd'ng lUng hay that Idng. Ngay

xUa phu nfl thudng bi loang xdffng

nhilu hon nam gidi, trong vdn hoc

dan gian ehi cd "bd cdng di chd trdi

mda", chd khdng cd "dng cdng", la

vi thdi xUa phu nd sinh de nhieu

nhflng khdng dddc chu y dinh dfldng

td't, qud trinh mat chfi't khoang khi

mang thai, cho con bu thi nhieu

nhifng bfl dap vao rat kem.

Loang XUdng sd'ng lam cdc dot

sdng trd ndn xdp, dl sup, de lun

gay dau cdt sd'ng k6o dai thddng

xuygn, dau se nhilu hOn khi ngdi

ldu ho^c dling ldu vd dd dau khi

nam nghi. Sau nhieu nSm tig'n

triln ed thi gdy ra bien dang cdt

song nhd cong ldng, veo cgt song.

Hien tdffng Idn va xep cgt sd'ng

ldng, that ldng lam chilu cao giam

dan theo tudi, ngUdi gid co thi thdp

di de'n 10cm so vdi thdi tre tudi.

Loang xddng d xddng chdn tay

gay ra nguy cff bi gay xdffng dCii,

gay dau dudi xddng cang tay khi

te ngd hay thdm chi ehi la cd dong

sai tu thg' nhd chd'ng tay hay xoay

chdn manh.

Lodng xUong ldm xdffng trd nen

ye'u, de gay, giam chde ndng chd'ng

dd Cff thi. Trigu chihig dau, cong

lUng ldm cho ngddi bgnh gfip nhieu

khd khan trong eudc sdng, vd edm

gidc gid hffn, ylu hffn cho den khi

xay ra tai nan gdy cd xUdng diii

bidn ngudi bgnh trd thanh tdn phe.

De pha t hi^n loang xifdng

CO 2 xet nghidm

>- Chup X quang xUdng edt sd'ng

vd xUdng tay chdn. Ddy la xet

nghiem re tiln va de thdc hign,

d cff sd y te' ndo cung cd. NhUng

cd han chd la khi thay dUde lodng

xUdng tren phim X quang thi bgnh

da trong giai doan mudn, xdong da

bi mat kha nhilu.

>- Xet nghigm do mdt dg xUOng

giup ddnh gia ddffe khdi Iddng

xdong cd thi phdt hien lodng xUffng

sdm hffn.

Theo Td chde Y td Thd gidi

(WHO), do mat do xdffng bdng

phUdng phdp do hd'p thu tia X ndng

lUdng kep (DXA) van ddcfc coi Id

tigu chuan vdng dl ddnh gid mdc

dg lodng xddng.

Ma t dd xddng BMD (Bone

mineral density) theo chi sd' T

(T-score) cua mgt ed thd Id chi sd

BMD eua ca the dd so vdi BMD

cua nhom ngddi tre tudi (thddng

Id nhdm khde manh, cd khd'i Iddng

xdffng dinh, cung chung tgc) Idm

chihig. Tren cd sd dd, cd cac gia

tri eua BMD nhu sau;

• BMD binh thfldng khi T-score

> -1 : tdc Id BMD cua ddi tUcfng >

- 1 dg lech chuan so vdi gid tri trung

binh ciia ngddi tnfdng thdnh tr& tudi.

• Giam mat dd xUffng khi - 2,5

< T-score < - 1: tdc la BMD tfl -

2,5 de'n - 1 dd Igch chudn so vdi

gid tri trung binh cua ngddi trddng

thanh tre tudi.

Hinh cSt dQC co xuang <SOi

« ! •

Xudng binh IhUdng Xuong bi loang

THUOC & StTC KHOE so 509 (1.10.2014)