Lò phản ứng hạt nhân

LO PHAIM UIMG

HATIMHAN THAC Si NGUYEN HC U KHOA

TrLfcIng Cao dang Oien lilc Tp HCM

L6 phan iJfng hat nhan difoc xem

nhu la trai tim cua Nha may dien

hat nhan, la nui san sinh ra nhiet

nang cung cap cho Turbine. Bai

viet nay de cap tong guan ve cac

the he 16 phan ting va dac diem

cua cac kieu 16 nudc sol (BWR,

ABWR)vakieul6aplUc(PWR,

APWR.VVER).

- Shippingport

- Dresden, Fermi I

- Magnox

Commercial Power

Reaclofs

s^lF

Generation HI

Advanced

LWRs

• LWR-PWR, BWR

CANDU

- AGR

Evolutionary

Designs Offenng

Improved

Economics for

Near-Term

Depto>nient

- Enhanced

Safety

1

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990

1

1 Gen III

2000

1

2010

1

Gen 111+

2020 2030

Gen (V :

Hinh 1 : Cac the he 16 phan limg hat nhan.

1. LICH s u PHAT TRIEN

Tit nhiing nam dau cua thap nien 50, nang lUpng lay tif

phan ling hat nhan da dUpc cac nha khoa hpc nghien

ciJu va phat trien.

1.1. Ihe he 16 ph^n ibig thuf I

Th^ he lo phan iSng hat nhan thii I g6m c6 cac lo nhii:

Shippingport ciia My, Dresden 1, Calder Hall 1,

Magnox cua Anh hay UNGG ciia Phap phan Idn chung

d^u da hoac dang thao dd do khong con hieu qua cao

va d6 an toan thap.

C6ng suat a^c dai cua nha may bi gidi han bdi thdi gian

ti^p nhien U^u cho lo phan iJng, nhi^n heu sit dung la

ngu6n Uranium td nhien nen yeu clu thay thg nhien

li^u nhieu hdn 16 phan ilng sil dpng nhi^n lieu da dUpc

1 ^ giau.

LP hoi va 6ng dan gas diipc dat b^n ngoai ldp bao ve

sinh hpc bang be tong, cac thilt bj nay phat ra tnic tilp

tia gamma va biic xa neutron.

1.2. Ih^ h i 16 phan tfng thli II

LP the he thii hai gdm cac kieu 16: PWR (Pressurized

Water Reactor -16 niiPc ap liic) vi BWR (Boiled Water

Reactor - Ld nUdc s6i), WER va RBMK (Nga),

CANDU Sli dung nUdc n|ng (Canada), AGR...

PWR ban dau phuc vu quan sU. He th6ng thii nhat cua

Id phan ling dUdc thiet ke khdng lam s6i niidc ma chi

truyin nhi|t sang h§ thdng thii hai de tao ra hoi nuPc,

do dd hdi niidc lam quay turbine khong bi nhilm xa.

BWR diipc Sli dung vi muc dich hoa binh la phat dien.

Niidc diipc lam sdi trong hi thdng thii nhat ciia Id

phan ling va dung hpi niidc dd Iim quay turbine, do

vay turbine se bi nhilm xa trong Mc van hanh.

Sd 84+85+86 (3+4+5/2012) NANG Ll/ONG VIET NAM [31 ]