Lee Kuan Yew : the Grand Master’s Insights on China, the United States, and the World

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Lee Kuan Yew

3

The Belfer Center Studies in International Security book series is edited at the Belfer Center for Science and

International Affairs at the Harvard Kennedy School and is published by The MIT Press. The series publishes

books on contemporary issues in international security policy, as well as their conceptual and historical

foundations. Topics of particular interest to the series include the spread of weapons of mass destruction,

internal conflict, the international effects of democracy and democratization, and U.S. defense policy. A

completelist of Belfer Center Studies appears here.

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Lee Kuan Yew

The Grand Master

’

s Insights on China, the United States,

and the World

Interviews and Selections by

Graham Allison and Robert D. Blackwill

with Ali Wyne

Foreword by Henry A. Kissinger

Belfer Center Studies in International Security

The MIT Press

Cambridge, Massachusetts

London, England

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© 2013 Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means

(including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the

publisher.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Lee, Kuan Yew, 1923– [Interviews. Selections]

Lee Kuan Yew : the grand master's insights on China, the United States, and the world / interviews and selections by

Graham Allison and Robert D. Blackwill ; with Ali Wyne ; foreword by Henry A. Kissinger.

p. cm. — (Belfer center studies in international security)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-262-01912-5 (hardcover : alk. paper)

ISBN 978-0-262-31274-5 (retail e-book)

1. World politics. I. Allison, Graham T. II. Blackwill, Robert D. III. Wyne, Ali, 1987– IV. Title.

D31.L44 2013

303.4909'0512—dc23

2012032250

10 9 8

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Contents

Foreword, Henry A. Kissinger

Who Is Lee Kuan Yew?

When Lee Kuan Yew Talks, Who Listens?

Preface

Chapter 1 The Future of China

Chapter 2 The Future of the United States

Chapter 3 The Future of U.S.-China Relations

Chapter 4 The Future of India

Chapter 5 The Future of Islamic Extremism

Chapter 6 The Future of National Economic Growth

Chapter 7 The Future of Geopolitics and Globalization

Chapter 8 The Future of Democracy

Chapter 9 How Lee Kuan Yew Thinks

Chapter 10 Conclusion

Notes

About the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs

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Foreword

I have had the privilege of meeting many world leaders over the past half century; none, however, has taught

me more than Lee Kuan Yew, Singapore’s first premier and its guiding spirit ever since. As to the ancient

argument—whether individuals shape events or are their register—there can be no doubt about the answer

with regard to Lee Kuan Yew, a man of unmatched intelligence and judgment.

By far the smallest country in Southeast Asia, Singapore seemed destined to become a client state of more

powerful neighbors, if indeed it could preserve its independence at all. Lee thought otherwise. His vision was

of a state that would not simply survive, but prevail by excelling. Superior intelligence, discipline, and

ingenuity would substitute for resources. He summoned his compatriots to a duty that they had never

previously perceived: first to clean up their city, then to dedicate it to overcome the initial hostility of their

neighbors and their own ethnic divisions by superior performance. The Singapore of today is his testament.

When Lee took over, per capita income was about $400 a year; it is now more than $50,000. He inspired

his polyglot population to become the intellectual and technical center of the Asia-Pacific. Because of his

leadership, a medium-sized city has become a significant international and economic player, especially in

fostering multilateral transpacific ties.

Along the way, Lee has made himself an indispensable friend of the United States, not primarily by the

power he represents, but by the excellence of his thinking. His analysis is of such quality and depth that his

counterparts consider meeting with him as a way to educate themselves. For three generations now, whenever

Lee comes to Washington, he meets with an array of people spanning the top ranks of the American

government and foreign policy community. His discussions occur in an atmosphere of rare candor borne of

high regard and long-shared experience. Every American president who has dealt with him has benefited from

the fact that, on international issues, he has identified the future of his country with the fate of the

democracies. Furthermore, Lee can tell us about the nature of the world that we face, with especially

penetrating insights into thethinking of his region.

Lee’s analyses shed light on the most important challenge that the United States confronts over the long

term: how to build a fundamental and organic relationship with Asia, including China. There is nobody who

can teach us more about the nature and the scope of this effort than Lee Kuan Yew. As this book

demonstrates, however, his insights extend far beyond U.S.-China relations; they encompass virtually every

challenge of international relations. It will not take long for readers to discover why Lee is not only one of the

seminal leaders of our period, but also a thinker recognized for his singular strategic acumen.

—Henry A. Kissinger

New York, April 2012

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Who Is Lee Kuan Yew?

A strategist’s strategist

A leader’s leader

A mentor’s mentor

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