Kỹ năng phản hồi và nhận phản hồi trong giáo dục

NGHIEN CCrUSilJfNG DUNG

KY NANG PHAN HOI VA NHAN PHAN HOI TRONG GIAO DOC

ThS. Nguyen Thanh Huwng

Hpc viC'n C 'hinh tri ~Hdnh chinh Quoc gia Ho Chi Minh

Bat cii mgt hogt dgng dugc thyc hipn xuat sac theo quan he, cung cd niem tin,

nao khi kit thiic cung suy nghT eiia ngudi ca nggi. dem lai sy bilt an chan thdnh, cdn cd sy phdn hoi hi Phdn hoi tich eye Igi Id Idi sy chiem nghipm sau sdc, sy

nhiing ngudi lien quan. Nhung khen d miic dg cao hon, bdng tiln bg thye sy ciia ddi tugng. khdng phdi ai ciing hilu du^c cdch chi rd, cy thi cdc hdnh Nhung ciing cd nhiing phdn y nghia, Igi ich cua phdn hdi. ddng dd xuat sac nhu thi ndo. hoi ket thuc de lai sau do Id

Cdng khdng phdi ai cung bilt Ciing vgy, chi trich Id Idi chS sy cdng thdng, chdn ndn, tham cdch phdn hdi vd nhgn phdn bai chung chung, khdng dua chi bdt hda, tieu eye. Phdn hdi

hoi tich eye de phdn hoi thyc ra can cir, phdn hoi tieu eye Igi khdng dua tren su tin cay se sy trd nen cd y nghia. chi rd cac chi tiet, da vd dang de dan tdi phd truang bdn than Phdn hoi Id mgt vipe ldm khdng tot ra sao (trong trudng hay chi trich, hd dua. Phdn hoi tot. Nhung nlu khdng dupfc hgp ndy, cd the hieu Phdn hoi khdng tien cq sd hieu biet dl

thyc hipn diing each (phdn hdi tieu eye chinh Id Idi gdp y). Vi dan tdi hd dd, lang phi thdi vd nhdn phdn hoi), rat cd thi vgy, moi ngudi can phdi bilt gian, gd^ khd chiu, khdng khi se hd nen xau. Trong thyc tl, ro minh mudn gi, nhu the ndo, cang thdng. khdng it nhiing trudng h(;rp khi phdn hoi vd nhgn phdn bdi, De phan hdi hipu qud, can phan hdi, ngudi ta bat ddu thiphdnhdi mdi hipu qua. chiiy: bdng thipn chi nhirng lai kit Trude hit, vl phia ngudi 1. Cdn phdi chii y tiidi gian, thiic tiong mdu thudn, bat ddu phdn hdi: dia dieni, hodn canh dua ra bdng tam y lai kit thuc trong Phdn hdi phdi dya tren co phdn hdi phii hgp. Tham chi ac cani, bat dau bang^hda khi sd Tin cay vd Hieu biet. Tin cdn phdi chii^ den ti^mg thai

Igi kit thuc trong mdu thuan cay se khien ngudi ta phdn hdi tdm ly cua ddi tugng. Khong cao dp... Bdi tir phdn hdi tich vdi tinh thdn giiip dd, mong phdi bdt cii luc ndo, d dau, eye den phdn hdi tieu eye la mudn ddi tugng nhgn thirc hodn cdnh rido ciing dua ra y

mdt khodng cdeh khd gdn. dugc sy vipe de tien bg, hodn kien phdn hdi. Ranh gidi giua Idi khen tgng thipn bdn than. Khi dd, phdn 2. Phan hdi bang Idi le te vd phdn hdi, giiia phdn hdi hdi khdng mang tinh chdt phd nhi, dgc bipt Id thai dp chan tieu eye vd chi trich la khd tnrcmg hay trd diia, md chii thdnh, hong cd khen tang vd mong manh. Trong nhiing yeu dua ra nhiing Idi binh lugn gdp y. Khen khdng nen bang

trudng hgp ndy, ngudi ta da than hgng, chii y tgo the quan nhiing Idi le cudng dipu, sao khdng chirng td dugc ky nang binh giiia khen vd cbe. Cgnh rong, hoac qua phd, qud Id. Vi

the hipn dieu niinh mudn - ky dd^ Phdn hdi phdi hen co sd dy: "Ch; Id mpt ngudi vd ciing nang phdn hdi. Vd ciing cd hieu bilt, de cd the dua ra tuypt vdi, sau sac cd ve chuyen trudng hgp ngudi ta co y sii dugc biic hanh toan cdnh - chi mdn vd phong cdch", "anh la dyng sai myc dich phdn hdi, rd van dl mgt cdch todri dipn, cay cao bdng ca ciia toan don mugn phdn hdi de thyc hipn cy thi. Nhu vgy phdn hdi mdi vj", "Tdi rdt yen nhung Idi noi

myc dich cd nhan minh, dl chmh xde vd thuyet phye. Tuy ciia thu trudng, nd viia thau cho minh. nhien, nen chii y, phdn hoi tinh, Igi viia dat ly ..." Can Trude het, can thdy ro sy phdi cd gidi ban, trdnh di qud phdi biet khen nhu thi ndo de khdc bipt giira Idi khen tang miic cd thi chap nhgn cua ddi khdng di vdo Idi mdn, khen va sy phdn hdi tich eye, ciing tugng, md nen tap trung vdo de ngudi dugc khen khdng

nhu sy khdc bipt giiia nhung nhung ngi dung cd y nghia cam thdy "ngugng ngiing", Idi chi trich vd phdn hdi tieu nhdt. Dilu nay cho phdp ly khen de ngum ndi ra Idi khen eye. Khen tang, don gian Id gidi tai sao cd iJiung phan hdi khdng cdm thdy mgt sy mat ty

Id Idi ca nggi mgt hanh dpng dem Igi kit qud Id sy gia tang nhien... Id mdt k^ nang cdn Ngdy nhgn bdi 3/6/2012; Ngdy duy?! ddng 23/7/2012 3 0 • TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC-SO 84-8/2012