Khai thác yếu tố nơi chốn nhằm tạo lập bản sắc đô thị lấy thành phố Đà Nẵng làm địa bàn nghiên cứu

i

%Ӝ*,È2'Ө&9¬Ĉ¬27Ҥ2

75ѬӠ1*ĈҤ,+Ӑ&;Æ<'Ӵ1*

1*8<ӈ19Ă1&+ѬѪ1*

.+$,7+È&<ӂ87Ӕ1Ѫ,&+Ӕ11+Ҵ07Ҥ2/Ұ3

%Ҧ16Ҳ&ĈÐ7+ӎ

/Ҩ<7+¬1+3+ӔĈ¬1Ҹ1*/¬0Ĉӎ$%¬11*+,Ç1&Ӭ8

Chuyên ngành: Qui KRҥFKĈ{WKӏYj1{QJWK{Q

0mVӕ : 62.58.05.05

/8Ұ1È17,ӂ16Ƭ .,ӂ175Ò&

1*ѬӠ,+ѬӞ1*'Ү1.+2$+Ӑ&GS.TSKH 1*8<ӈ1 0Ҥ1+ THU

Ĉj1ҹQJ- 2011

ii

/Ӡ,&È0Ѫ1

T{L[LQEj\WӓOzQJELӃWѫQVkXVҳFÿӃQQuí WKҫ\F{khoa ÿjRWҥR6DXÿҥLKӑF

NKRD.LӃQWU~F Yj4XL KRҥFKWUѭӡQJĈҥL KӑF;k\ GӵQJ +j1ӝLFiFWKҫ\F{ JLiR

WUӵFWLӃSÿyQJJySêNLӃQTXtEiXTXDFiFNǤVHPLQDUFiFEҥQÿӗQJQJKLӋS ÿmJL~S

ÿӥ WұQWuQKWҥRÿLӅXNLӋQWӕWFKRW{LWURQJTXiWUuQKKӑFWұSYjKRjQWKjQKOXұQiQ

ĈһF ELӋWW{L Y{ FQJWKѭѫQJWLӃF Yj ELӃW ѫQ Fӕ 1*Ѭ7 *6 76KH, KTS

1JX\ӉQ0ҥQK7KXÿmKӃWOzQJJL~SÿӥYjWұQWuQKKѭӟQJGүQW{LWKӵFKLӋQOXұQ

án này.

'ÿmFyQKLӅXFӕJҳQJWURQJTXiWUuQKWKӵFKLӋQVRQJFKҳFFKҳQUҵQJOXұQiQ

VӁNK{QJWKӇWUiQKNKӓLWKLӃXVyW7iFJLҧUҩWPRQJQKұQÿѭӧFVӵJySêFKӍGүQ FӫD

4XtWKҫ\F{YjFiFEҥQÿӗQJQJKLӋS

;LQFKkQWKjQKFiPѫQ

7iFJLҧOXұQiQ

1JX\ӉQ9ăQ&KѭѫQJ

iii

/Ӡ,&$0Ĉ2$1

7{L[LQFDPÿRDQÿk\OjF{QJWUuQKQJKLrQFӭXFӫDULrQJW{L&iFVӕOLӋXNӃWTXҧ

QrXWURQJOXұQiQOjWUXQJWKӵFYjFKѭDÿѭӧFF{QJEӕWURQJFiFF{QJWUuQKNKiF

1*+,Ç1&Ӭ86,1+

1*8<ӈ19Ă1&+ѬѪ1*

***

iv

0Ө&/Ө&

7UDQJSKөEuD ............................................................................................................ i

/ӡLFiPѫQ ................................................................................................................ ii

/ӡLFDPÿRDQ .......................................................................................................... iii

0өFOөF ...................................................................................................................... iv

'DQKPөFFiFEҧQJ .................................................................................................. ix

'DQKPөFFiFKuQKYӁ .............................................................................................. x

0ӢĈҪ8 .................................................................................................................... 1

/êGRFKӑQÿӅWjLYjWtQKFҩSWKLӃWFӫDÿӅWjL .......................................................... 1

0өFWLrXYjPөFÿtFKQJKLrQFӭXFӫDÿӅWjL ........................................................... 4

1ӝLGXQJQJKLrQFӭXFӫDÿӅWjL ............................................................................... 4

.ӃWTXҧFӫDOXұQiQ ................................................................................................. 4

&ҩXWU~FOXұQYăQ .................................................................................................... 5

&KѭѫQJ7Ә1*48$19ӄ.+È,1,ӊ0<ӂ87Ӕ1Ѫ,&+Ӕ1 7521*7Ә

&+Ӭ&.+Ð1**,$1ĈÐ7+ӎ ......................................................... 7

1KӳQJNKiLQLӋPYӅ1ѫLFKӕQ7LQKWKҫQQѫLFKӕQYjYLӋFWҥROұSEҧQVҳF ÿ{WKӏ .. 7

1KӳQJNKiLQLӋPYӅ1ѫLFKӕQ7LQKWKҫQQѫLFKӕQ .................................... 7

1ѫL FKӕQ ............................................................................................... 7

1.1.1.2 7LQKWKҫQQѫLFKӕQ ............................................................................... 9

%ҧQVҳFYjFiF\ӃXWӕWҥRWKjQKEҧQVҳF.................................................... 10

%ҧQVҳFYjEҧQVҳFÿ{WKӏ ................................................................... 10

%ҧQVҳFÿ{WKӏYjFiF\ӃXWӕWҥRWKjQKEҧQVҳFÿ{WKӏ ........................ 12

<ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJ ............................. 13

<ӃXWӕQѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭFNK{QJJLDQӣPӝWVӕÿ{WKӏÿһFWUѭQJFӫD9LӋW

Nam. ................................................................................................................... 19

Ĉ{WKӏ+XӃ ................................................................................................ 19

7KjQKSKӕĈj/ҥW ..................................................................................... 22

7KjQKSKӕ+ӗ&Kt0LQK .......................................................................... 25

7KjQKSKӕ+j1ӝL .................................................................................... 28

v

<ӃXWӕQѫLFKӕQWUӣWKjQKEҧQVҳFWURQJWәFKӭFNK{QJJLDQPӝWVӕWKjQKSKӕ

KLӋQÿҥLWUrQWKӃJLӟL .......................................................................................... 32

7KjQKSKӕ+RQJ.RQJ .............................................................................. 32

%ӕLFҧQKFKXQJ ................................................................................... 32

ĈһFWUѭQJQѫLFKӕQYjEҧQVҳF .......................................................... 33

7KjQKSKӕ5RPH ....................................................................................... 34

%ӕLFҧQKFKXQJ ................................................................................... 34

ĈһFWUѭQJ QѫLFKӕQYjEҧQVҳF .......................................................... 35

7KjQKSKӕ3UDJXH...................................................................................... 36

%ӕLFҧQKFKXQJ ................................................................................... 36

ĈһFWUѭQJ QѫLFKӕQYjEҧQVҳF ......................................................... 36

7KjQKSKӕ.KDUWRXP ................................................................................ 37

%ӕLFҧQKFKXQJ ................................................................................... 37

ĈһFWUѭQJ QѫLFKӕQYjEҧQVҳF .......................................................... 38

ĈӕLWѭӧQJSKѭѫQJSKiSQJKLrQFӭXYjSKҥPYLQJKLrQFӭXFӫDÿӅWjL ............ 39

ĈӕLWѭӧQJQJKLrQFӭX ................................................................................ 39

3KѭѫQJSKiSQJKLrQFӭX ........................................................................... 39

3KҥPYLQJKLrQFӭX ................................................................................... 39

.ӃWOXұQFKѭѫQJ .................................................................................................. 40

CKѭѫQJ &È&/8Ұ1&Ӭ.+2$+Ӑ&Ĉӆ1+Ұ1',ӊ19¬.+$,7+È&

Yӂ87Ӕ1Ѫ,&+Ӕ17521*9,ӊ&7Ҥ2'Ӵ1*%Ҧ16Ҳ&

.+Ð1**,$1ĈÐ7+ӎ ..................................................................... 58

1KӳQJFѫVӣOêWKX\ӃWOLrQTXDQÿӃQ1ѫLFKӕQYj7LQKWKҫQ1ѫLFKӕQ ............ 58

1KӳQJOêWKX\ӃWFӫD3KѭѫQJ7k\ ............................................................. 58

.K{QJJLDQYj1ѫLFKӕQ- &iF\ӃXWӕWҥRQrQ+uQKҧQKÿ{WKӏ ............ 58

7KӡLJLDQYj1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ ................... 62

0ӕLTXDQKӋJLӳD1KұQWKӭFFӫDFRQQJѭӡLYj1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWә

FKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ ..................................................................... 64

1KӳQJTXDQQLӋPYӅ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWULӃWKӑFFӫD3KѭѫQJĈ{QJ............ 65

vi

7KX\ӃW7DPWjL .................................................................................. 65

2.17KXұW3KRQJWKӫ\. ............................................................................ 67

2.2 1KұQWKӭFYӅ\ӃXWӕQѫLFKӕQWURQJYLӋFWҥRGӵQJEҧQVҳFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ ...... 72

2.2&iFÿһFWUѭQJFӫD\ӃXWӕQѫLFKӕQ .......................................................... 72

2.29DLWUzFӫD\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJYLӋFWҥRGӵQJEҧQVҳFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ 75

2.3 1KӳQJEjLKӑFNLQKQJKLӋPOLrQTXDQÿӃQ1ѫLFKӕQYj7LQKWKҫQ1ѫLFKӕQ .... 76

2.31KӳQJEjLKӑFNLQKQJKLӋPYӅNKDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJYLӋFWҥR

OұSEҧQVҳF ÿ{WKӏWUrQWKӃJLӟL ................................................................. 76

2.3Ĉ{WKӏFKkXÈ ..................................................................................... 76

2.3Ĉ{WKӏFKkXÆX .................................................................................. 78

2.3Ĉ{WKӏFKkX0ӻ ................................................................................ 80

2.31KӳQJEjLKӑFNLQKQJKLӋPFӫDNLӃQWU~FWUX\ӅQWKӕQJ9LӋW1DPYӅNKDL

WKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWҥROұSEҧQVҳFNLӃQWU~F ..................................... 82

2.3.LQKQJKLӋPFӫDGkQWӝF9LӋW ........................................................... 83

2.3.LQKQJKLӋPFӫDFiFGkQWӝF7k\1JX\rQ ........................................ 85

2.3.LQKQJKLӋPFӫDFiFGkQWӝFYQJQ~LSKtD%ҳF ............................. 85

2.4 1KӳQJÿһFWKFӫDÿ{WKӏ9LӋW1DPGѭӟLJyFÿӝ1ѫLFKӕQYjWLQKWKҫQ1ѫLFKӕQ. 86

2.4%ӕLFҧQKSKiWWULӇQYӅÿLӅXNLӋQÿӏDOêWӵQKLrQ ....................................... 86

2.4%ӕLFҧQKSKiWWULӇQYӅNLQKWӃ- [mKӝL ...................................................... 87

2.4/ӏFKVӱYjWUX\ӅQWKӕQJYăQKyD ........................................................ 88

2.47RjQFҫXKyDTXӕFWӃKyDÿӏDSKѭѫQJKyD ....................................... 89

2.5 .ӃWTXҧÿLӅXWUD;mKӝL KӑFYӅ1ѫLFKӕQӣÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJ .............................. 90

2.50өFÿtFKYLӋFÿLӅXWUD ............................................................................... 90

2.53KѭѫQJSKiSTX\P{YjNKXYӵFÿLӅXWUD ............................................... 90

2.5.ӃWTXҧÿLӅXWUD ......................................................................................... 91

2.51KӳQJFkXWUҧOӡLSKәELӃQ ............................................................... 91

2.51KӳQJKuQKҧQKÿһFWKFӫDĈj1ҹQJGѭӟLJyFÿӝ1ѫLFKӕQYj7LQK

WKҫQQѫLFKӕQ ...................................................................................... 93

vii

CKѭѫQJ .ӂ748Ҧ1*+,Ç1&Ӭ8- 1+Ӳ1*Ĉӄ;8Ҩ71+Ҵ01+Ұ1

DIӊ19¬.+$,7+È&<ӂ87Ӕ1Ѫ,&+Ӕ17521*7Ә&+Ӭ&

.+Ð1**,$1ĈÐ7+ӎ&Ï%Ҧ16Ҳ& ...................................................... 117

1KұQGLӋQ\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ .......................... 117

1KӳQJQJX\rQWҳFFKXQJFKRYLӋFQKұQGLӋQ\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQYj7LQK

WKҫQQѫLFKӕQWURQJÿ{WKӏ ....................................................................... 117

1KұQGLӋQ\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQGѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJJLDQYұWFKҩW ......... 118

1KұQGLӋQ\ӃXWӕQѫLFKӕQGѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJJLDQ[mKӝL ......................... 119

.KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQtURQJYLӋFWҥRGӵQJEҧQVҳFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ. ....... 120

0ӕLTXDQKӋJLӳDNKDLWKiFFiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQYjVӵSKiWWULӇQÿ{WKӏ

EӅQYӳQJ ................................................................................................. 120

1KӳQJQJX\rQWҳFFKXQJFKRYLӋFNKDLWKiF\ӃXWӕQѫLFKӕQYjWLQKWKҫQ

QѫLFKӕQWURQJÿ{WKӏ .............................................................................. 122

.KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQGѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJJLDQYұWFKҩWFӫDÿ{WKӏ ..... 123

0{LWUѭӡQJWӵQKLrQ ......................................................................... 123

0{LWUѭӡQJ[k\GӵQJ ....................................................................... 125

.KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕQѫLFKӕQGѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJJLDQ[mKӝLFӫDÿ{WKӏ... 131

.KDLWKiFFiF\ӃXWӕYӅYăQKyD[k\GӵQJ ...................................... 131

7әFKӭFP{LWUѭӡQJKӛWUӧJLDRWLӃS[mKӝL .................................... 132

7ăQJFѭӡQJPӕLOLrQKӋYӟLOӏFKVӱ ................................................ 133

31KұQGLӋQYjNKDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJYLӋFWҥRGӵQJEҧQVҳFNK{QJJLDQ

ÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJ ................................................................................................. 133

1KұQGLӋQ\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQFӫDÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJ .................................... 133

1KұQGLӋQ\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQFӫDÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJGѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJ

JLDQYұWFKҩW ..................................................................................... 133

1KұQGLӋQ\ӃXWӕQѫLFKӕQFӫDÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJGѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJ

giDQ[mKӝL ........................................................................................ 143

.KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕQѫLFKӕQWURQJFҧLWҥRYjSKiWWULӇQNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏĈj

1ҹQJFyEҧQVҳF ...................................................................................... 145

viii

3.3.2.1 Khai WKiF\ӃXWӕQѫLFKӕQWURQJFҧLWҥRYjSKiWWULӇQÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJ

GѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJJLDQYұWFKҩW ...................................................... 145

.KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕQѫLFKӕQWURQJFҧLWҥRYjSKiWWULӇQÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJ

GѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJJLDQ[mKӝL ......................................................... 153

0LQKKӑDFөWKӇ ...................................................................................... 156

.KҷQJÿӏQKYDLWUzFӫD1ѫLFKӕQYj7LQKWKҫQ QѫLFKӕQ WURQJYLӋFWҥROұSEҧn

VҳFÿ{WKӏ .......................................................................................................... 180

/êWKX\ӃW1ѫLFKӕQYj7LQKWKҫQQѫLFKӕQPӣUDPӝWKѭӟQJQKұQWKӭF

WRjQGLӋQYӅÿ{WKӏQKѭPӝWFѫWKӇVӕQJYӟLÿҫ\ÿӫFiF\ӃXWӕYұWFKҩWYj

tinKWKҫQ. ................................................................................................. 180

/êWKX\ӃW1ѫLFKӕQYj7LQKWKҫQQѫLFKӕQPӣUDPӝWKѭӟQJWLӃSFұQPӟL

ÿӇFyÿѭӧFPӝWÿ{WKӏÿһFWUѭQJYjSKiWWULӇQEӅQYӳQJ. ................... 181

/êWKX\ӃW1ѫLFKӕQYj7LQKWKҫQQѫLFKӕQFKӍUDÿѭӧFQKӳQJ\ӃXWӕFѫ

EҧQKuQKWKjQKQrQEҧQVҳFÿ{WKӏ. .................................................. 181

/êWKX\ӃW1ѫL FKӕQYj7LQKWKҫQQѫLFKӕQFKӍUDSKѭѫQJSKiSQKұQGLӋQ

EҧQVҳFÿ{WKӏPӝWFiFKWәQJKӧSQKҩW ............................................. 183

1ӝLGXQJFӫDYLӋFNKDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ .... 184

&iFQJX\rQWҳFÿӏQKKѭӟQJYLӋF[k\GӵQJÿ{WKӏFyEҧQVҳF ................. 184

&iFJLҧLSKiSÿӏQKKѭӟQJYLӋF[k\GӵQJÿ{WKӏFyEҧQVҳc .................... 185

.KҧQăQJYjSKҥPYLYұQGөQJOêWKX\ӃW1ѫLFKӕQYj7LQKWKҫQQѫLFKӕQWURQJ

YLӋFWәFKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ ......................................................................... 185

4.3..KҧQăQJYұQGөQJOêWKX\ӃW1ѫLFKӕQYj7LQKWKҫQQѫLFKӕQWURQJYLӋF

WәFKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ ............................................................... 185

3KҥPYLYұQGөQJOêWKX\ӃW1ѫLFKӕQYj7LQKWKҫQQѫLFKӕQWURQJYLӋFWә

FKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ................................................................... 186

.ӂ7/8Ұ19¬.,ӂ11*+ӎ .............................................................................. 189

I. .ӃWOXұQ .............................................................................................................. 189

1/êWKX\ӃW1ѫLFKӕQYj7LQKWKҫQQѫLFKӕQ ................................................. 189

1KұQGLӋQ\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQYj7LQKWKҫQQѫLFKӕQFӫDÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJ ..... 190

ix

3. .KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕQѫLFKӕQWURQJTXLKRҥFKÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJ ....................... 190

II. .LӃQQJKӏ ........................................................................................................... 191

.LӃQQJKӏWӯJyFÿӝTXҧQOêQKjQѭӟFFӫD%ӝ ;k\GӵQJ ............................ 191

.LӃQQJKӏWӯJyFÿӝTXҧQOêQKjQѭӟFFӫD7KjQKSKӕ ............................... 192

.LӃQQJKӏWӯJyFÿӝÿjRWҥRWURQJFiF7UѭӡQJYjFiF9LӋQQJKLrQFӭX ..... 192

T¬,/,ӊ87+$0.+Ҧ2 .................................................................................... 193

'$1+0Ө&&Ð1*75Î1+&Ð1*%Ӕ ........................................................... 196

3+Ө/Ө&

x

'$1+0Ө&&È&%Ҧ1*

STT 7rQEҧQJ Trang

1 B.3.1 0ӕLTXDQKӋJLӳD1ѫLFKӕQ7LQKWKҫQ1ѫLFKӕQYj

NK{QJJLDQYăQKyDÿ{WKӏ 159

2 B.3.2 1ѫLFKӕQ7LQKWKҫQ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ

Ĉj1ҹQJ 160

3 B.3.3 &iF\ӃXWӕWҥROұSYj ELӃQÿәLKuQKWKiLKӑFWURQJNK{QJ

JLDQÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJ 161

xi

'$1+0Ө&&È&HÌNH 9Ӏ

STT 7rQKuQKYӁ Trang

1 H.1.1 1KӳQJNKiLQLӋPYӅ1ѫLFKӕQWLQKWKҫQFӫD1ѫLFKӕQ 42

2 H.1.2 1KӳQJNKiLQLӋPYӅEҧQVҳFEҧQVҳFÿ{WKӏ 43

3 H.1.3 Ĉj1ҹQJ <ӃXWӕ1ѫL FKӕQYjOӏFKVӱSKiWWULӇQÿ{WKӏ 44

4 H.1.4 Ĉj1ҹQJ .KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJSKiWWULӇQÿ{

WKӏ 45

5 H.1.5 +XӃ<ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQYjOӏFKVӱSKiWWULӇQÿ{WKӏ 46

6 H.1.6 +XӃ.KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJSKiWWULӇQÿ{WKӏ 47

7 H.1.7 Ĉj/ҥW<ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQYjOӏFKVӱSKiWWULӇQÿ{WKӏ 48

8 H.1.8 Ĉj/ҥW.KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJSKiWWULӇQÿ{WKӏ 49

9 H.1.9 7S+ӗ&Kt0LQK<ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQYjOӏFKVӱSKiWWULӇQ

ÿ{WKӏ 50

10 H.1.10 7S+ӗ&Kt0LQK.KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJSKiW

WULӇQÿ{WKӏ 51

11 H.1.11 +j1ӝL<ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQYjOӏFKVӱSKiWWULӇQÿ{WKӏ 52

12 H.1.12 +j1ӝL.KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJSKiWWULӇQÿ{WKӏ 53

13 H.1.13 <ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏWKӃJLӟL

(HongKong) 54

14 H.1.14 <ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏWKӃJLӟL

(Rome) 55

15 H.1.15 <ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏWKӃJLӟL

(Prague) 56

16 H.1.16 <ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏWKӃJLӟL

(Khartoum) 57

17 H.2.1 /êWKX\ӃW+uQKҧQKÿ{WKӏFӫD.HYLQ/\QFK 95

18 H.2.2 /êWKX\ӃW+uQKҧQKÿ{WKӏFӫD.HYLQ/\QFK- +uQKҧQKÿ{

WKӏ%RVWRQ 96

xii

19 H.2.3 /êWKX\ӃW+uQKҧQKÿ{WKӏFӫD.HYLQ/\QFK- +uQKҧQK

ÿ{WKӏ)ORUHQFH 97

20 H.2.4 /êWKX\ӃW+uQKҧQKÿ{WKӏFӫD.HYLQ/\QFK- +uQKҧQK

ÿ{WKӏWURQJÿ{WKӏFә 98

21 H.2.5 /êWKX\ӃW+uQKҧQKÿ{WKӏFӫD.HYLQ/\QFK- 7әFKӭF

NK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ9LӋW1DPGѭӟLJyFÿӝKuQKҧQKÿ{WKӏ 99

22 H.2.6 0ӕLTXDQKӋJLӳDNK{QJJLDQYjQѫLFKӕQ± /êWKX\ӃW

FӫD1RUEHU6FKXO] 100

23 H.2.7 0ӕLTXDQKӋJLӳDNK{QJJLDQYjQѫLFKӕQ- ĈһFWUѭQJ

KuQKWKiLKӑFWURQJWәFKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ 101

24 H.2.8 0ӕLTXDQKӋJLӳDNK{QJJLDQYjQѫLFKӕQ- ĈһFWUѭQJ

7RSRKӑFWURQJWәFKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ 102

25 H.2.9 0ӕLTXDQKӋJLӳDNK{QJJLDQYjQѫLFKӕQ- ĈһFWUѭQJ

KuQKKӑFWURQJWәFKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ 103

26 H.2.10 0ӕLTXDQKӋJLӳDWKӡLJLDQYj1ѫLFKӕQ 104

27 H.2.11 0ӕLTXDQKӋJLӳDQKұQWKӭFFRQQJѭӡLYj1ѫLFKӕQ 105

28 H.2.12 7KX\ӃW7DPWjLYj7KXұW3KRQJWKӫ\ 106

29 H.2.13 7KX\ӃW7DPWjLYj7KXұW3KRQJWKӫ\- Phân WtFKÿһFWtQK

FiFÿ{WKӏ9LӋW1DPGѭӟLJyFÿӝSKRQJWKӫ\ 107

30 H.2.14 &iFÿһFWUѭQJFӫD\ӃXWӕQѫLFKӕQ 108

31 H.2.15 .LQKQJKLӋPNKDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭF

NK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ+RQJ.RQJ 109

32 H.2.16 .LQKQJKLӋPNKDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭF

NK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ3DULV 110

33 H.2.17 .LQKQJKLӋPNKDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭF

NK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏ%HUOLQ 111

34 H.2.18 .LQKQJKLӋPNKDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭF

NK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏӣ&KkXÆX 112

35 H.2.19 .LQKQJKLӋPNKDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭF 113

xiii

NK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏӣ0ӻ

36 H.2.20 .LQKQJKLӋPNKDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭF

NK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏӣ9LӋW1DP 114

37 H.2.21 .LQKQJKLӋPNKDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJWәFKӭF

NK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏӣ9LӋW1DP 115

38 H.2.22 .ӃWTXҧÿLӅXWUD[mKӝLKӑFYӅ1ѫLFKӕQӣÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJ 116

39 H.3.1 1KұQGLӋQ\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQGѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJJLDQYұW

FKҩW 162

40 H.3.2 1KұQGLӋQ\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQGѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJJLDQ[m

KӝL 163

41 H.3.3 .KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQGѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJJLDQYұW

FKҩWÿ{WKӏ- .KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕÿӏDKuQK 164

42 H.3.4 .KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQGѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJJLDQYұW

FKҩWÿ{WKӏ- .KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕPһWQѭӟF 165

43 H.3.5 .KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQGѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJJLDQYұW

FKҩWÿ{WKӏ- Khai thiF\ӃXWӕEҫXWUӡL 166

44 H.3.6 .KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQGѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJJLDQYұW

FKҩWÿ{WKӏ- .KDLWKiFFiFP{KuQKWәFKӭFÿ{WKӏ 167

45 H.3.7 .KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQGѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJJLDQ[mKӝL

ÿ{WKӏ- .KDLWKiFFiF\ӃXWӕYӅYăQKyD[k\GӵQJ YjNLӃQ

WU~FÿӏDSKѭѫQJ 168

46 H.3.8 .KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQGѭӟLJyFÿӝNK{QJJLDQ[mKӝL

ÿ{WKӏ- 7әFKӭFNK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏKӛWUӧJLDRWLӃS[mKӝL 169

47 H.3.9 1KұQGLӋQ\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQFӫDÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJ 170

48 H.3.10 1KұQGLӋQ\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQFӫDÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJ 171

49 H.3.11 1KұQGLӋQ\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQFӫDÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJ 172

50 H.3.12 1KұQGLӋQ\ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQFӫDÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJ 173

51 H.3.13 0ӝWVӕEӕLFҧQKNLQKWӃ[mKӝLKuQKWKiLNLӃQWU~FTXD

FiFWKӡLNǤSKiWWULӇQ 174

xiv

52 H.3.14 1KұQGLӋQ \ӃXWӕ1ѫLFKӕQWURQJP{LWUѭӡQJ[mKӝLFӫD

ÿ{WKӏĈj1ҹQJ 175

53 H.3.15 .KDLWKiF\ӃXWӕQѫLFKӕQWURQJFҧLWҥRYjSKiWWULӇQ

NK{QJJLDQÿ{WKӏFyEҧQVҳF 176

54 H.3.16 ĈѭӡQJ%ҥFKĈҵQJWUѭӟFNKLFҧLWҥR 177

55 H.3.17 ĈѭӡQJ%ҥFKĈҵQJFҧLWҥRPӟL 178

56 H.3.18 &ҧQKTXDQÿѭӡQJ%ҥFKĈҷQJ 179

1

0ӢĈҪ8

1. /êGRFKӑQÿӅWjLYjWtQKFҩSWKLӃWFӫDÿӅWjL

- 1ѫLFKӕQ - NLӃQWU~F- P{LWUѭӡQJVӕQJÿ{WKӏ

0{LWUѭӡQJVӕQJÿѭӧFKLӇXOjWҩWFҧFiFVӵ YұW- KLӋQWѭӧQJFӫDP{LWUѭӡQJ

[XQJTXDQKҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQVӵKuQKWKjQKYjSKiWWULӇQFӫDFRQQJѭӡL. .KLQJKƭYӅPӝW

ÿӏDÿLӇPPӝWQѫLFKӕQQjRÿyPӝWP{LWUѭӡQJVӕQJQjRÿyQKӳQJJuFK~QJWDQKӟ

WKѭӡQJJҳQOLӅQYӟLQKӳQJWK{QJWLQÿѭӧFJKLOҥLEӣLFiFJLiFTXDQYӅKuQKҧQKYjNê

ӭFFӫD QѫLFKӕQ Yj NLӃQWU~FOj Eӝ SKұQ TXDQWUӑQJFӫD ÿӏD ÿLӇP ÿy YjP{LWUѭӡQJ

VӕQJÿy

.LӃQWU~FOjPӝWWKӵFWKӇVӱGөQJYjPӝWWKӵFWKӇFҧPWKөMөFWLrXFXӕLFQJ

FӫDNLӃQWU~F là WҥRGӵQJkhông gian cho FXӝFVӕQJFӫDFRQQJѭӡL VRQJQyOҥLÿzLKӓL

NK{QJFKӍÿѫQWKXҫQQKӳQJ\rXFҫX YӅF{QJQăQJKD\YӅKuQKWKӭF. KK{QJFyQKӳQJ

ORҥLNLӃQWU~FÿӗQJQKҩWFKRPӑLQѫLPӑi FKӕQ mà WURQJQKӳQJWuQKWKӃNKiFQKDXVӁ

GүQWӟLQKӳQJJLҧLSKiSNLӃQWU~FFөWKӇQKҵPWKӓDPmQQKӳQJÿzLKӓLYұWFKҩW và tinh

WKҫQ FӫDFRQQJѭӡL WҥLPӝWWKӡLÿLӇPYj ÿӏDÿLӇPFөWKӇ.

.LӃQWU~FUDÿӡLQKѭPӝWVҧQSKҭPFӫDFRQQJѭӡLWURQJFiFKWKӭFӭQJ[ӱYӟL

P{LWUѭӡQJWӵQKLrQPӝWVҧQSKҭPYӯDPDQJWtQKNӻWKXұWYӯDPDQJWtQKQJKӋWKXұW,

YӯDPDQJWtQKNKRDKӑFYӯDPDQJWtQK[mKӝL. 7URQJOӏFKVӱSKiWWULӇQNLӃQWU~FÿѭӧF

QKuQQKұQGѭӟLQKӳQJJyFÿӝNKiFQKDX

7URQJ ÿ{ WKӏ WUX\ӅQ WKӕQJ NLӃQ WU~F Oj WҩP JѭѫQJ SKҧQ iQK ÿһF ÿLӇP FӫD

WUX\ӅQWKӕQJYăQKyDGkQWӝFFNJQJQKѭEӕLFҧQKWӵQKLrQFӫDQѫLFKӕQ FөWKӇ. Trong

FiF[mKӝLWUX\ӅQWKӕQJQJD\FҧFiFFKLWLӃWQKӓQKһWFӫDP{LWUѭӡQJ[XQJTXDQKFNJQJ

ÿѭӧFELӃWWӟLYjEҵQJFiFKÿyWҥRQrQQKӳQJNK{QJJLDQFyêQJKƭD

1JѭӧFOҥLWURQJÿ{WKӏKLӋQÿҥLQKӳQJNêӭFÿѭӧFOѭXOҥLKҫXQKѭKRjQWRjQ

GjQKFKRFiFFKӭFQăQJWKӵFGөQJWURQJNKLÿyVӵKzDÿӗQJEӏÿӇTXDPӝWErQ.ӃW

TXҧOjPӝWP{LWUѭӡQJVӕQJÿtFKWKӵFNK{QJWӗQWҥLEӣLFyPӝWNKRҧQJFiFKQKҩWÿӏQK

JLӳDFRQQJѭӡLYjP{LWUѭӡQJ

&RQQJѭӡLKLӋQÿҥLÿmWӯQJQJKƭUҵQJNKRDKӑFYjF{QJQJKӋFyWKӇJLҧLSKyQJ

PuQKNKӓLVӵOӋWKXӝFYjRPӝWQѫLFKӕQQjRÿyTURQJVXӕWWKӡL NǤHLӋQÿҥL, NLӃQWU~F

KҫXQKѭFKӍÿѭӧFQKuQQKұQGѭӟLJyFÿӝ FӫDNKRDKӑFWӵQKLrQ YӟLVӵ ÿӅFDRYDLWUzFӫD

NӻWKXұWYjFiF\ӃXWӕNKiFKTXDQPjEӓTXDYDLWUzFӫDFRQQJѭӡLOj FKӫWKӇFҧPQKұQ