Khái niệm và đặc trưng của hợp đồng cộng đồng

tjdju. difmq. phap. lual 86 2(299)-2017

KHAI NIEM VA DAC TRUNG

CUA Hap DONG CONG DONG

I ThS. NGUYfiN THI THANH THAO *

Tdm tat: Hgp dong cgng dong con dugc ggi Id hgp dong tap the dugc giao kit giiia mgt nhdm cd nhdn

hay td chuc, cd hi$u luc dp dying doi vdi tdt cd cdc thdnh vien trong nhdm, cho di* timg thdnh vien ndy

khong phdi Id ben giao kit true tiep hgp dong, doi khi cdn cd hi?u luc dp dung dot vdi cd nhihig ngudi

khong phdi Id thdnh vien trong nhdm (vi dy thoa uac lao dgng lap thi). Bdi viet ndy Igp trung phdn tich

ie Idm rd hon khdi ni^m vd nhimg dgc trung ca bdn cua hgp dong cgng dong du&i gidc dg phdp ly.

Abstract: Community contract - also called as collective contract - is entered between a group of

individuals or organizations, having effect to all group members although each member is not a direct

signing parly of the contract. It may sometimes have applying effect lo non-members of ihe group

(e.g. collective labor contract). The article concentrates on analysis to more clearly bring out the concept

and fitndamental characteristics of community contract from the legal aspect

1. Khdi nifm hgp dong cpng dong

Hgp ddng cpng dong edn dugc gpi la hpp ddng

tgp thi (collective contract). Khi phdn logi hgp

ddng, ve mdt hge thugt, ngudi ta thudng nhde den

c$p phan logi Id hgp ddng cd nhdn vd hgp ddng

cpng dong. Cdch phan logi nhu vgy lam ndi bgt ddc

tnmg quan trpng eua hgp ddng cgng dong vl

phuong dipn chii the giao ket, sy bieu Ip y chi va

nhdt Id vl hipu lye eiia hgp ddng.

Neu hgp ddng cd nhan dugc hieu Id loai hgp

dong do cdc cd nhan hay phdp nhdn dan le giao ket

vdi nhau vd ehi cd hipu lyc dp dyng gidi hgn ddi

vdi cdc ben giao ket dd', thi hpp ddng cpng ddng

:d hipu lye ddi vdi ca nhiing ngudi khdng tham gia

giao kit, ngay ed ddi vdi nhiing ngudi phdn ddi cdc

iilu kipn eua hgp ddng. Vi vgy, hpp ddng cd nhan

vd hgp ddng cpng ddng r^t khdc nhau ve phuong

di$n hi$u lye. Hgp ddng cgng ddng dd di ra ngodi

khudn khd cua nguyen tdc hipu lye tuong doi eua

hpp ddng. Cd nhieu nhd phe binh cho rdng hgp

ddng cgng ddng khdng the la mpt phdn ciia ly

thuyet chung ve hgp ddng^.

Hpe thuyet ve ty do y chi dugc xem xet fren

nhieu phuang dipn khdc nhau: Vl phuong dipn

triet hpe, hpe thuyet nay cho rdng, khdng ai ed thi

bj ep bupc Idm hay khdng lam dilu gi md hp khdng

mudn; ve phuang dipn dgo diic, hpe thuylt nay cho

ring, khdng ai cd the bi ep bu^e Idm hay khdng

lam dieu gi ma khdng xudt phdt tu Igi ieh ciia hp;

cdn ve phuong dipn kinh tl, hgc thuylt cho rdng,

eon ngudi cdn dugc de cao lgi ieh cd nhan &k thiic

day sy phdt ttiln ciia xd bgi^. Nlu cdn cii vdo nIn

tdng trilt hgc quan trgng nay cua hdnh vi phdp ly

ndi chung va ciia hpp ddng ndi rieng, ed thi thay,

hpp dong epng ddng dd phdn ndo di ra ngodi nIn

tang trilt hge. Tuy nhien, mgt hpe thuylt khdng thi

" Tntang Cao ddng Cdnh sdt nhdn ddn I Ddn chCi & Phdp lu^t I