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IN THIS ISSUE

No. 40,730

Books 10

Business 16

Crossword 15

Culture 10

Opinion 8

Sports 13

ART IN MADRID

GLOBAL FAIR

GAINS RESPECT

PAGE 10 | CULTURE

SUZY MENKES

THE ROMANTIC

SIDE OF THINGS

PAGE 11 | FASHION MILAN

E-CIGARETTES

AN ON-RAMP TO

TOBACCO ROAD?

PAGE 16 | BUSINESS

INSIDE TODAY’S PAPER ONLINE AT INYT.COM

New push against gay marriage

Opponents of same-sex marriage have

a new chance this week to play one of

their most emotional and, they hope,

potent cards: the claim that having

parents of the same sex is bad for

children. nytimes.com/us

Defining the crunch factor

How should General Mills gauge the

texture of its granola bars? A young

inventor has come up with the answer:

He calls it an organoleptic analyzer.

nytimes.com/technology

Test case: Is college football a job?

In a hearing before the National Labor

Relations Board in Chicago,

Northwestern players have laid out an

argument that they are employees

entitled to unionize. nytimes.com/sports

Robots as U.S. border sentinels

Drug smuggling has remained

stubbornly common along the United

States-Mexico border, where robots are

a new tactic in the battle. nytimes.com/us

Taliban launch bold attack

Taliban insurgents overran an Afghan

Army base on Sunday and killed 21

soldiers, one of the worst single blows

to government forces. nytimes.com/asia

An industry behind asylum fraud

Recently unsealed court filings offer a

look at asylum fraud among Chinese in

New York, where applicants are

regarded with suspicion. WORLD NEWS, 6

What many Scots really want

David Cameron’s praising the United

Kingdom to Scotland missed the point

that for many Scots, independence is

not about nationalism, but democracy,

Kathleen Jamie writes. OPINION, 9

Lawmakerstake

control in Ukraine

KIEV, UKRAINE

BY DAVID M. HERSZENHORN

A day after President Viktor F. Ya￾nukovych fled the Ukrainian capital and

was removed from power by a unani￾mous vote in Parliament, lawmakers

moved swiftly on Sunday to dismantle

the remaining vestiges of his govern￾ment by firing top cabinet members, in￾cluding the foreign minister.

With Parliament, led by the speaker,

Oleksandr V. Turchynov, firmly in con￾trol of the federal government — if not

yet the country as a whole — lawmakers

began an emergency session on Sunday

by adopting a law restoring state own￾ership of Mr. Yanukovych’s opulent

presidential palace, which he had

privatized.

Parliament voted to grant Mr.

Turchynov authority to carry out the du￾ties of the president of Ukraine, adding

to his authority to lead the government

that lawmakers had approved on Satur￾day.

On Saturday, after signing a peace

deal with the opposition that he had

hoped would keep him in office until at

least December, Mr. Yanukovych fled

Kiev to denounce what he called a viol￾ent coup. His official residence, his vast,

colonnaded office complex and other

once-impregnable centers of power fell

without a fight to throngs of joyous cit￾izens stunned by their triumph.

While Mr. Yanukovych’s archrival,

former Prime Minister Yulia V. Ty￾moshenko, was released from a peniten￾tiary hospital, Parliament found the

president unable to fulfill his duties and

exercised its constitutional powers to

set an election for May 25 to select his

replacement.

A pugnacious Mr. Yanukovych ap￾peared on television Saturday after￾noon, apparently from the eastern city

of Kharkiv, near Ukraine’s eastern bor￾der with Russia, saying he had been

forced to leave the capital because of a

‘‘coup,’’ and that he had not resigned,

and had no plans to.

The president’s departure from Kiev

capped three months of protests and a

week of frenzied violence in the capital

that left more than 80 protesters dead. It

turned what began in November as a

street protest driven by pro-Europe

chants and nationalist songs into a mo￾mentous but still ill-defined revolution.

Ms. Tymoshenko, who was jailed by

Mr. Yanukovych after losing the presi￾dential election in 2010, was released

Saturday evening from the hospital in

Kharkiv where she had been held and

quickly made her way to Kiev. Many

Ukrainians — and virtually all of the

pro-Western protesters — believe her

conviction was politically motivated

and regard her as something of a mar￾tyr to their cause.

Late Saturday she appeared on the

stage in Independence Square in a

wheelchair and delivered a speech that

was greeted by cheers and chants of

‘‘Yulia! Yulia!’’

She addressed her audience as ‘‘he￾roes,’’ and told them, ‘‘I was dreaming

to see your eyes. I was dreaming to feel

the power that changed everything.’’

Depending on her health, Ms. Ty￾moshenko, who has complained of

chronic back problems since she was

jailed in 2011, may run for president in

vote scheduled for May, and many of

JAMES HILL FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Olympic finale At the closing of the Winter Games at Sochi on Sunday, dancers whirled and Russia celebrated its contributions to the world of culture. PAGE 13

As golden spell ends, Sochi faces reality

SOCHI, RUSSIA

BY DAVID SEGAL

Now comes the hard part.

After the closing ceremony Sunday,

Sochi is confronting life after the

Olympics and the aftermath of a building

boom that, for a time, made it the world’s

largest construction site. The area is

now home to more than 40,000 hotel

rooms, four ski resorts, dozens of restau￾rants and retailers, five sports arenas,

one stadium, and enough roads and rail￾ways to handle 20,000 visitors an hour.

That made sense during the Games,

but what will happen when fans and ath￾letes leave? This question confronts

every Olympic city, but it seems acutely

problematic in Sochi, experts say, in part

because the scale of overbuilding vastly

exceeds what occurred in Vancouver,

London and elsewhere, and in part be￾cause the area will face competition

from resort towns in other countries.

It also seems that few people in the

upper echelons of the Russian govern￾ment have given the future of Sochi

much thought.

‘‘I don’t think anyone is sure what to

do with it,’’ said Sufian Zhemukhov, co￾author of a coming book on the Sochi

Games. ‘‘I say that because President

Putin and Prime Minister Medvedev

have changed the concept many times.

First, it was going to become a kind of

capital of southern Russia. Then they

talked about dismantling the arenas

and taking them north. A few months

ago, Medvedev said they were going to

open casinos there.’’

Virtually everything about the Sochi

Games has been improvised, it seems,

and their aftermath will not be any differ￾ent. Russia’s primary goal in 2007 was to

submit the winning bid to the Interna￾tional Olympic Committee, and one of the

appeals of Sochi to the I.O.C. was that the

area was largely undeveloped, meaning

that Russia would have to produce lots of

spiffy new buildings and infrastructure.

ANDREA BRUCE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Latha Reddy Musukula’s husband killed himself because of debts, which have passed to

her. She has promised the money lender to repay what she owes by April.

From farmers’ suicides,

a legacy of debt in India

BOLLIKUNTA, INDIA

BY ELLEN BARRY

Latha Reddy Musukula was making tea

on a recent morning when she spotted

the money lenders walking down the

dirt path toward her house. They came

in a phalanx of 15 men, by her estimate.

She knew their faces, because they had

walked down the path before.

After each visit, her husband, a farm￾er named Veera Reddy, sank deeper in￾to silence, frozen by some terror he

would not explain. Three times he cut

his wrists. He tied a noose to a tree, re￾lenting when the family surrounded

him, weeping. In the end he waited until

Ms. Musukula stepped out, and then he

hanged himself from a pipe supporting

their roof, leaving a careful list of each

debt he owed to each money lender. She

learned the full sum then: 400,000 ru￾pees, or about $6,400.

A current of dread runs through this

farmland, where women in jewel￾colored saris bend their backs over wa￾tery terraces of rice. In Andhra Pra￾desh, the southern state where Ms.

Musukula lives, the suicide rate among

farmers is nearly three times the na￾East and West clash

in leader’s hometown

DONETSK, UKRAINE

BY ALISON SMALE

A few hundred fearful pro-democracy

activists turned out on Sunday in this

hardscrabble city in eastern Ukraine,

the region where the deposed president,

Victor F. Yanukovych is believed to

have fled.

Within an hour, they were jeered by

mobs, mostly young men, masked and

carrying clubs. Eventually, the police

maneuvered between the two groups,

escorting away the activists and cor￾ralling but not arresting their har￾anguers, some clearly inebriated.

The two gatherings illustrated the

forces still tugging at Ukraine’s future

and which have yet to be reconciled —

Ukraine’s pro-European west and its

Russian-leaning east — even now that

Mr. Yanukovych has been removed

from office.

Mr. Yanukovych hails from the mean

streets of Donetsk, where in his youth

he went to prison twice for assault.

Where he is now is not known.

He went into hiding Sunday, a day

after a senior aide of the border protec￾tion forces, Sergey Astakhov, an￾nounced that a charter plane had been

prevented from taking off Saturday

night at Donetsk airport. Mr. Ya￾nukovych was spotted leaving the plane

SOCHI, PAGE 13

DONETSK, PAGE 4

UKRAINE, PAGE 4

INDIA, PAGE 5

SOCHI OLYMPICS

CANADIAN MEN GLIDE TO GOLD

A 3-0 victory over Sweden in hockey

capped an undefeated run in Sochi for

Canada, which defended its title. PAGE 13

NEXT GENERATION IS ON THE MOVE

Veteran Alpine skiers held their own at

the Sochi Games, but a youthful group

is showing clear advances. PAGE 14

Mexicans capture No. 1 cartel chief

Dozens of Mexican marines and police

officers, who were aided by information

from the United States, seized Joaquín

Guzmán Loera over the weekend in the

beach resort of Mazatlán without firing

a shot. WORLD NEWS, 5

Stakes high as E.C.B. tests banks

A lot is riding on the cleanup of euro

zone banks, and clarity is needed to

ensure that lenders really do get a good

scrubbing — and are able to support the

fragile economic recovery. BUSINESS, 20

THE OPULENCE YANUKOVYCH LEFT BEHIND

His compound included a golf course, a

private zoo, classic cars and a restaurant

in the form of a pirate ship. PAGE 4

Yahoo steps up advertising efforts

Marissa Mayer, chief executive of Yahoo,

is trying to make the company’s ads

more compelling and to integrate them

with the news and information people

seek from the company’s websites and

mobile applications. BUSINESS,17

President’s allies fired;

Parliament speaker gets

power to act in his stead

Deposed president finds

a tug of war in his

native eastern Ukraine

DAVID MDZINARISHVILI/REUTERS

Yulia V. Tymoshenko in Kiev, Ukraine. She

addressed her audience as ‘‘heroes.’’

JOE KLAMAR/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE

A MESSAGE FOR CHINA A Japanese officer monitoring maneuvers in Southern California last

week as Marines and Japanese soldiers held an annual joint exercise. The forces practiced how

to invade and retake an island captured by hostile forces. WORLD NEWS, 6

2 | MONDAY, FEBRUARY 24, 2014 INTERNATIONAL NEW YORK TIMES

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Find a retrospective of news from 1887 to

2013 in The International Herald Tribune

at iht-retrospective.blogs.nytimes.com

See what readers are talking about and

leave your own comments at inyt.com

1914 Storm Drives Cruiser Ashore

A terrific gale raged over the western

Mediterranean during the early hours of

yesterday morning. Considerable dam￾age was caused to shipping, the force of

the hurricane being such that many ves￾sels dragged their anchors, while others

were driven ashore or dashed against

the quays near which they were lying.

The French armored cruiser Waldeck￾Rousseau was driven ashore at Golfe

Juan, near Cannes, off which the French

Mediterranean squadron is anchored.

The cruiser is lying in a sheltered posi￾tion in nearly two fathoms of water.

1939 Machado, Spanish Writer, Dies

COLLIOURE, FRANCE Antonio Machado,

Spanish poet and playwright, died yes￾terday [Feb. 22] in the tiny hotel of this

French village which was his home in

war-enforced exile. He was 64 years old.

A month ago M. Machado, with his fam￾ily, had fled from Barcelona with thou￾sands of other Spanish Loyalists and had

taken refuge here. With his brother, M.

Machado wrote ten plays, including

‘‘Phoenix’’ and ‘‘Juan de Manana.’’ Two

volumes of poetry, ‘‘Soledades’’ and

‘‘Campos de Castilla,’’ won him a Euro￾pean reputation. Throughout the civil

war in Spain he fought with his pen for

the Loyalist government.

vard Business School professor and the

author of ‘‘Beauty Imagined,’’ a 2010

history of the beauty industry.

Mr. Rechelbacher’s line of luxury

products ultimately included lip gloss,

hair conditioners, mascara, fragrances,

herbal teas, coffee beans, nontoxic

household cleaners, nutritional supple￾ments, jewelry and books, all carried by

25,000 stores and salons worldwide.

He did not originate the idea of organic

cosmetics; they had been manufactured

since the late 1950s by niche firms like

Yves Rocher. But with a few other ‘‘really

good entrepreneurs,’’ Professor Jones

said, including Anita Roddick, who foun￾ded The Body Shop in Britain in 1976, Mr.

Rechelbacher helped make ‘‘natural’’

health and beauty products ‘‘totally cool,

fashionable and expensive’’ and the fast￾est-growing sector of the industry.

After selling Aveda, Mr. Rechelbach￾er started Intelligent Nutrients to pro￾duce cosmetics with organic ingredi￾ents. He grew most of the ingredients on

his 570-acre organic farm in Osceola.

Horst Martin Rechelbacher was born

in Klagenfurt, Austria, on Nov. 11, 1941,

the son of Rudolf andMaria Rechelbach￾er. His father was a shoemaker. His

motherwas an herbalist and apothecary

BY PAUL VITELLO

Horst Rechelbacher, an Austrian-born

hairstylist who went on to found Aveda, a

company whose pledge to eliminate toxic

chemicals from its products helped give

rise to a vast market for so-called natural

cosmetics in the United States, died on

Feb. 15 in Osceola, Wis. He was 72.

The cause was complications of pan￾creatic cancer, a family spokesman said.

Mr. Rechelbacher championed cam￾paigns to raise public awareness of po￾tentially cancer-causing ingredients in

beauty supplies.

He started Aveda in 1978, when mak￾ing fragrances and hair-care products

from herbs and other plants was widely

seen as an ephemeral pursuit, doomed

to vanish with the receding tide of the

counterculture. He made batches of his

first product, a clove shampoo, in his kit￾chen sink in Minneapolis.

By 1997, when he sold the company to

Estée Lauder for a reported $300 mil￾lion, Mr. Rechelbacher had ‘‘put natural

cosmetics on the map in the United

States,’’ said Geoffrey G. Jones, a Har￾whose work inspired Mr. Rechelbach￾er’s interest in medicinal plants. At 14,

facing diminished opportunities in Aus￾tria after World War II, Horst was ap￾prenticed to a local hairdresser’s shop.

He proved talented; by 17, he was

working in a hair salon in Rome. After

that, he moved to salons in London and

then New York. Mr. Rechelbacher was

attending a hairstyling competition in

Minneapolis in 1965 when he was seri￾ously injured in a car accident. After a

six-month recovery, he decided to settle

there and open a salon. It grew to become

a small chain known as Horst & Friends.

His childhood interest in herbal medi￾cine was rekindled in 1970 by an Indian

guru he had met inMinneapolis when he

attended his lecture on the ancient prac￾tice of Ayurvedic medicine, which uses

herbs and plants. (The name Aveda was

derived from the Sanskrit word Ay￾urveda, which means ‘‘science of life.’’)

The encounter, he told interviewers,

inspired him to spend six months in In￾dia, where he learned about the herbs,

oils and plants used in the Ayurvedic

tradition of health care and aromather￾apy — skills he later applied in formulat￾ing his clove shampoos, cherry-bark

hair conditioners and lip glosses of açaí

berry and purple corn.

Mr. Rechelbacher’s signature pitch

was, ‘‘Don’t put anything on your skin

that you wouldn’t put in your mouth.’’

At sales conventions and in videotaped

interviews, he often demonstrated that

principle by drinking hair spray and

other products made by his company.

Hair spray made by some major man￾ufacturers can contain solvents, glues,

polymers and propellants, said Janet

Nudelman, director of program and

policy at the Breast Cancer Fund, one of

a dozen nonprofit environmental and

health groups that joined forces in 2004

to start the Campaign for Safe Cosmet￾ics. Mr. Rechelbacher helped finance it.

‘‘Horst was in many ways the father

of safe cosmetics,’’ Ms. Nudelman said.

‘‘He took action to address the problem

long before most of us knew there was

anything to even worry about.’’

Since the 1990s, consumer groups

have raised alarms about scant govern￾ment oversight of cosmetics made with

risk-laden ingredients like formalde￾hyde resin (used as a nail strengthener

in polish), camphor (a common ingredi￾ent in aromatherapy products), dibutyl

phthalate (a solvent in nail products)

and parabens (compounds used as pre￾servatives in fragrances).

The Campaign for Safe Cosmetics re￾cently helped persuade Johnson & John￾son to remove two ingredients linked to

cancer from its baby shampoo.

‘‘Horst believed so deeply in our

work,’’ the group said in a statement

after his death. ‘‘Much to the chagrin of

his more mainstream peers,’’ it added,

he often handed out copies of the cam￾paign’s literature at industry meetings.

Its headline: ‘‘Free gift of toxic chemic￾als with every cosmetic purchase.’’

JENN ACKERMAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Horst Rechelbacher raised awareness

about potentially toxic beauty supplies.

Turmoil in Ukraine

All I’ve read about the Ukrainian people

during their crisis has impressed me. Their

bravery, pride, discipline and focus on their

ideals have been incredible. The fact that

there was no looting, wanton destruction or

further violence after they’d achieved their

goals earns my lasting respect. ... I wish

these fine people the very best in their new

future as a productive and successful nation.

TOMMY2TONE, EDEN PRAIRIE, MINN.

I am American, and I have lived in Ukraine

for 20 years. Almost everybody I know is

shocked and many appalled by Yulia

Tymoshenko’s being freed, and that her

first action was to go to Independence

Square and say she will run for President.

Yulia Tymoshenko is not a martyr for

freedom. As prime minister, she was as

corrupt as Yanukovych and his team.

Everybody I know agrees that the charges

were political — but she deserved to be in

jail — and should be joined by Yanukovych

and his henchmen. Ukraine needs new

leaders. There are many deserving a

chance.

ANDREW KINSEL, KIEV

I’m afraid that if Tymoshenko gets to

become president, we’ll be here again in

five years talking about protesters in the

streets of Kiev, protesting her corrupt

government.

LOU ANDREWS, PORTLAND, ORE.

This is only the first act. I wish these people

well, living in the midst of such corruption.

But I’m afraid for their lives as this tragedy

continues to spiral. Poor Ukraine, so far

from God and so close to Russia.

L. BRAVERMAN, NEW YORK

Who would have dreamed that this could

have happened during Putin’s PR

extravaganza, the Sochi Olympics? Oh, he

must have a very bad taste in his mouth.

CDC, MASSACHUSETTS

Albert R.

Hunt

LETTER FROM WASHINGTON

Any suspicion that the political right,

after suffering a defeat on the debt ceil￾ing and facing threats from business

donors, is losing its clout can be dis￾missed by the fight over the United Na￾tions Convention on the Rights of Per￾sons With Disabilities.

The treaty has been ratified by 141

countries. In the United States, it is

backed by the White House, former

President George H.W. Bush, the ma￾jor disability and veterans’ advocacy

groups and many businesses.

Senate Republicans, however,

already defeated the treaty in 2012, and

it now faces an uphill slog to get the

two-thirds vote needed for ratification.

Right-wing critics — led by former Sen￾ator Rick Santorum, the Heritage Foun￾dation and some home-schoolers —

said that adopting it would allow global

enforcers to determine the treatment of

Americans with disabilities and the

permissibility of home schooling, and

that it would ease ac￾cess to abortion.

In reality, the

treaty is modeled on

the Americans With

Disabilities Act of

1990. It states that

nations must ensure

that people with dis￾abilities get the same

rights and are treated with the same

dignity as all others. It might well pres￾sure other countries to adopt American

standards.

Proponents say American leadership

is important, a demonstration of the soft

power of ideals and values. If passage

emboldens other nations to elevate

their standards, it will make life easier

for Americans with disabilities when

traveling outside the United States. De￾spite strong opposition from Senate Re￾publicans, led by Bob Corker of Tennes￾see, the treaty has a distinctively

Republican flavor. The Americans With

Disabilities Act was the signature do￾mestic achievement of Mr. Bush’s presi￾dency, and the treaty was negotiated

and supported at the United Nations by

his son’s administration. The most im￾portant champion of the treaty is the

former Senate Republican leader Bob

Dole, a disabled World War II veteran;

it is supported by another former party

leader, Bill Frist, a physician. Its chief

backers in the current Senate are John

Barrasso of Wyoming, another physi￾cian who is one of the most conserva￾tive members of the chamber, and John

McCain of Arizona, a disabled veteran.

Veterans’ groups backing the treaty

include the American Legion, the Vet￾erans of Foreign Wars, the Iraq and Af￾ghanistan Veterans of America and the

Wounded Warrior Project. It is em￾braced by the United States Chamber

of Commerce and companies like Nike,

Walmart Stores, Coca-Cola and IBM.

The opposition from Mr. Santorum,

the Heritage Foundation, a slice of the

home-schooling movement and a few

right-wing Catholic organizations would

seem a mismatch. Yet these groups are

vocal, and they capitalize on many Re￾publicans’ fears of challenges from the

right. The disabilities community is not

that well organized, nor does it rank

among the big campaign contributors.

Mr. Corker says his opposition is

based solely on the dangers the treaty

would pose to national sovereignty and

the threat that it would supersede

United States law and states’ rights. He

cites a 1920 Supreme Court ruling on a

migratory-bird treaty as precedent.

In the Senate, supporters are writing

in ‘‘reservations, declarations and un￾derstandings,’’ attesting that nothing in

the treaty would affect current law. This

is a common practice, The Economist

magazine notes, for treaties ratified by

the United States and other countries.

It makes the Corker argument spe￾cious, says Richard L. Thornburgh,

who was attorney general during

George H.W. Bush’s administration

and is an advocate of the treaty.

‘‘These reservations attached to a

treaty are part of the treaty,’’ he said.

‘‘There is nothing in this treaty that

would allow what critics allege.’’

Mr. Dole says that when he ran the

Senate, ratification ‘‘would have

passed by voice vote.’’ He remains op￾timistic that it will pass, though he says

he is worried because ‘‘a few senators

aren’t returning my calls.’’

This astounds Tim Shriver, the chair￾man of the Special Olympics. ‘‘What val￾ues here do these opponents not believe

in?’’ he asked. ‘‘This treaty brings to the

table a place where America is the shin￾ing light on the hill.’’ (BLOOMBERG VIEW)

EMAIL: [email protected]

Right sets

its sights on

a U.N. treaty

IN OUR PAGES

IN YOUR WORDS

Horst Rechelbacher, 72; founded natural cosmetics company

Cheering for the home team

OBITUARY

In reality,

the treaty is

based on the

Americans

With Disabil￾ities Act.

PHOTOGRAPHS BY JAMES HILL FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

DONNING THE COLORS — AND FUR Olympic

fans traveled to the Sochi Games from all

over Russia. A few wore bear costumes and

capes — as much for the television cameras

as for the tourists — and they were usually

sporting the national colors.

sochi2014.nytimes.com/photos