Idea, Encyclopedia Of Multimedia Technology and Networking (2005)



















 

    

 

  

   





 



 

 

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Encyclopedia of multimedia technology and networking / Margherita Pagani, ed.

p. cm.

Summary: "This encyclopedia offers a comprehensive knowledge of multimedia information technology from an economic and

technological perspective"--Provided by publisher.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 1-59140-561-0 (hard cover) -- ISBN 1-59140-796-6 (ebook)

1. Multimedia communications--Encyclopedias. I. Pagani, Margherita, 1971-

TK5105.15.E46 2005

2005005141

British Cataloguing in Publication Data

A Cataloguing in Publication record for this book is available from the British Library.

All work contributed to this encyclopedia set is new, previously-unpublished material. The views expressed in this encyclopedia set

are those of the authors, but not necessarily of the publisher.



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Raymond A. Hackney, Manchester Metropolitan University, UK

Leslie Leong, Central Connecticut State University, USA

Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann, University of Geneva, Switzerland

Lorenzo Peccati, Bocconi University, Italy

Steven John Simon, Stetson School of Business and Economics - Mercer University, USA

Andrew Targowski, Western Michigan University, USA

Nobuyoshi Terashima, Waseda University, Japan

Enrico Valdani, Bocconi University, Italy

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Ahmed, Ansary / Open University of Malaysia, Malaysia

Ajiferuke, Isola / University of Western Ontario, Canada

Akhtar, Shakil / United Arab Emirates University, UAE

Ally, Mohamed / Athabasca University, Canada

Angehrn, Albert A. / Center for Advanced Learning Technologies, INSEAD, France

Angelides, Marios C. / Brunel University, UK

Arbore, Alessandro / Bocconi University, Italy

Auld, Jonathan M. / NovAtel Inc., Canada

Baralou, Evangelia / University of Sterling, Scotland

Barolli, Leonard / Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Japan

Benrud, Erik / American University, USA

Bhattacharya, Sunand / ITT Educational Services, Inc., USA

Bignall, Robert J. / Monash University, Australia

Bradley, Randy V. / Troy University, USA

Buche, Mari W. / Michigan Technological University, USA

Butcher-Powell, Loreen Marie / Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania, USA

Cannell, Jeremy C. / Gannon University, USA

Cardoso, Rui C. / Universidade de Beira Interior, Portugal

Cavallaro, Andrea / Queen Mary, University of London, UK

Chakrobartty, Shuvro / Minnesota State University, USA

Chan, Tom S. / Southern New Hampshire University, USA

Chbeir, Richard / University of Bourgogne, France

Chen, Jeanne / HungKuang University, Taiwan

Chen, Kuanchin / Western Michigan University, USA

Chen, Tung-Shou / National Taichung Institute of Technology, Taiwan

Cheng, Meng-Wen / National Taichung Institute of Technology, Taiwan

Chochcliouros, Ioannis P. / Hellenic Telecommunications Organization S.A. (OTE), Greece

Cirrincione, Armando / SDA Bocconi School of Management, Italy

Connaughton, Stacey L. / Purdue University, USA

Cragg, Paul B. / University of Canterbury, New Zealand

Cruz, Christophe / University of Bourgogne, France

da Silva, Elaine Quintino / University of São Paulo, Brazil

da Silva, Henrique J. A. / Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal

Danenberg, James O. / Western Michigan University, USA

de Abreu Moreira, Dilvan / University of São Paulo, Brazil

de Amescua, Antonio / Carlos III Technical University of Madrid, Spain

Dellas, Fabien / University of Geneva, Switzerland

Dhar, Subhankar / San Jose State University, USA

Di Giacomo, Thomas / University of Geneva, Switzerland

Diaz, Ing. Carlos / University of Alcala, Spain

Dunning, Jeremy / Indiana University, USA

Duthler, Kirk W. / The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA

El-Gayar, Omar / Dakota State University, USA

Esmahi, Larbi / Athabasca University, Canada

Esteban, Luis A. / Carlos III Technical University of Madrid, Spain

Falk, Louis K. / Youngstown State University, USA

Farag, Waleed E. / Zagazig University, Egypt

Fleming, Stewart T. / University of Otago, New Zealand

Fraunholz, Bardo / Deakin University, Australia

Freeman, Ina / University of Birmingham, UK

Freire, Mário M. / Universidade de Beira Interior, Portugal

Galanxhi-Janaqi, Holtjona / University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA

Gao, Yuan / Ramapo College of New Jersey, USA

García, Luis / Carlos III Technical University of Madrid, Spain

Ghanem, Hassan / Verizon, USA

Gibbert, Michael / Bocconi University, Italy

Gilbert, A. Lee / Nanyang Business School, Singapore

Goh, Tiong-Thye / Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand

Grahn, Kaj J. / Arcada Polytechnic, Finland

Grover, Akshay / Brigham Young University, USA

Guan, Sheng-Uei / National University of Singapore, Singapore

Gupta, P. / Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India

Gur
u, C
lin / Centre d’Études et de Recherche sur les Organisations et la Management (CEROM),

France

Gutiérrez, Jairo A. / The University of Auckland, New Zealand

Hackbarth, Klaus D. / University of Cantabria, Spain

Hagenhoff, Svenja / Georg-August-University of Goettingen, Germany

Handzic, Meliha / Sarajevo School of Science and Technology, BiH, Croatia

Hentea, Mariana / Southwestern Oklahoma State University, USA

Heywood, Malcolm I. / Dalhousie University, Canada

Hin, Leo Tan Wee / Singapore National Academy of Science and Nanyang Technological University,

Singapore

Hosszú, Gábor / Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Turkey

Hu, Wen-Chen / University of North Dakota, USA

Hughes, Jerald / Baruch College of the City University of New York, USA

Hulicki, Zbigniew / AGH University of Science and Technology, Poland

Hurson, Ali R. / The Pennsylvania State University, USA

Iossifides, Athanassios C. / COSMOTE S.A., Greece

Ishaya, Tanko / The University of Hull, UK

Janczewski, Lech J. / The University of Auckland, New Zealand

Joslin, Chris / University of Geneva, Switzerland

Jovanovic-Dolecek, Gordana / INAOE, Mexico

Jung, Jürgen / Uni Duisburg-Essen, Germany

Kacimi, Mouna / University of Bourgogne, France

Kanellis, Panagiotis / National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece

Karaboulas, Dimitrios / University of Patras, Greece

Karlsson, Jonny / Arcada Polytechnic, Finland

Karoui, Kamel / Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Tunis, Tunisia

Kaspar, Christian / Georg-August-University of Goettingen, Germany

Kaur, Abtar / Open University of Malaysia, Malaysia

Kaushik, A.K. / Electronic Niketan, India

Kayacik, H. Gunes / Dalhousie University, Canada

Kelic, Andjelka / Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA

Kemper Littman, Marlyn / Nova Southeastern University, USA

Kinshuk / Massey University, New Zealand

Knight, Linda V. / DePaul University, USA

Kontolemakis, George / National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece

Kotsopoulos, Stavros A. / University of Patras, Greece

Kou, Weidong / Xidian University, PR China

Koumaras, Harilaos / University of Athens, Greece

Kourtis, Anastasios / Institute of Informatics and Telecommunications NCSR Demokritos, Greece

Koyama, Akio / Yamagata University, Japan

Kwok, Percy Lai-yin / Chinese University of Hong Kong, China

Labruyere, Jean-Philippe P. / DePaul University, USA

Lalopoulos, George K. / Hellenic Telecommunications Organization S.A. (OTE), Greece

Lang, Karl Reiner / Baruch College of the City University of New York, USA

Lang, Michael / National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland

Larkin, Jeff / Brigham Young University, USA

Lawson-Body, Assion / University of North Dakota, USA

Lee, Chung-wei / Auburn University, USA

Lee, Maria Ruey-Yuan / Shih-Chien University, Taiwan

Li, Chang-Tsun / University of Warwick, UK

Li, Qing / City University of Hong Kong, China

Liehr, Marcus / University of Hohenheim, Germany

Lin, Joanne Chia Yi / The University of New South Wales, Australia

Lorenz, Pascal / University of Haute Alsace, France

Louvros, Spiros / COSMOTE S.A., Greece

Lowry, Paul Benjamin / Brigham Young University, USA

Lumsden, Joanna / National Research Council of Canada IIT e-Business, Canada

Luo, Xin / Mississippi State University, USA

Ma, Keh-Jian / National Taichung Institute of Technology, Taiwan

Madsen, Chris / Brigham Young University, USA

Maggioni, Mario A. / Università Cattolica di Milano, Italy

Magnenat-Thalmann, Nadia / University of Geneva, Switzerland

Magni, Massimo / Bocconi University, Italy

Maris, Jo-Mae B. / Northern Arizona University, USA

Markus, Alexander / University of Western Ontario, Canada

Martakos, Drakoulis / National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece

Mbarika, Victor / Southern University and A&M College, USA

McManus, Patricia / Edith Cowan University, Australia

Melliar-Smith, P. M. / University of California, Santa Barbara, USA

Mills, Annette M. / University of Canterbury, New Zealand

Mitchell, Mark / Brigham Young University, USA

Mohamedally, Dean / City University London, UK

Monteiro, Paulo P. / SIEMENS S.A. and Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal

Morabito, Vincenzo / Bocconi University, Italy

Moser, L. E. / University of California, Santa Barbara, USA

Moyes, Aaron / Brigham Young University, USA

Mundy, Darren P. / University of Hull, UK

Murphy, Peter / Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand

Nah, Fiona Fui-Hoon / University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA

Nandavadekar, Vilas D. / University of Pune, India

Neveu, Marc / University of Burgundy, France

Ngoh, Lek Heng / Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR, Singapore

Nicolle, Christophe / University of Bourgogne, France

Nur, Mohammad M. / Minnesota State University, USA

Nur Zincir-Heywood, A. / Dalhousie University, Canada

O’Dea, Michael / University of Hull, UK

O’Hagan, Minako / Dublin City University, Ireland

Olla, Phillip / Brunel University, UK

Otenko, Oleksandr / University of Kent, UK

Pace, Stefano / Bocconi University, Italy

Pagani, Margherita / Bocconi University, Italy

Pai, Feng Yu / Shih-Chien University, Taiwan

Panjala, Shashidhar / Gannon University, USA

Pantic, Maja / Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

Pereira, Rui G. / Universidade de Beira Interior, Portugal

Petrie, Helen / City University London, UK

Poole, Marshall Scott / Texas A&M University, USA

Portilla, J. Antonio / University of Alcala, Spain

Portougal, Victor / The University of Auckland, New Zealand

Prata, Alcina / Higher School of Management Sciences, Portugal

Proserpio, Luigi / Bocconi University, Italy

Provera, Bernardino / Bocconi University, Italy

Pulkkis, Göran / Arcada Polytechnic, Finland

Rahman, Hakikur / SDNP, Bangladesh

Raisinghani, Mahesh S. / Texas Woman’s University, USA

Rajasingham, Lalita / Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand

Raju, P.K. / Auburn University, USA

Ratnasingam, Pauline / Central Missouri State University, USA

Ripamonti, Laura Anna / Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy

Robins, Wiliam / Brigham Young University, USA

Rodrigues, Joel J. P. C. / Universidade da Beira Interior, Portugal

Rotvold, Glenda / University of North Dakota, USA

Rotvold, Justin / Techwise Solutions, LLC, USA

Rowe, Neil C. / U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, USA

Roy, Abhijit / Loyola College in Maryland, USA

Ruela, Jose / Faculdade de Engennaria da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Portugal

Sánchez-Segura, Maria-Isabel / Carlos III Technical University of Madrid, Spain

Sankar, Chetan S. / Auburn University, USA

Schizas, Christos / University of Cyprus, Cyprus

Shankar P., Jaya / Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR, Singapore

Shepherd, Jill / Simon Fraser University, Canada

Shuaib, Khaled A. / United Arab Emirates University, UAE

Singh, Richa / Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India

Singh, Shawren / University of South Africa, South Africa

Sockel, Hy / Youngstown State University, USA

Sofokleous, Anastasis / Brunel University, UK

Sonwalkar, Nishikant / Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA

Spiliopoulou-Chochliourou, Anastasia S. / Hellenic Telecommunications Organization S.A. (OTE),

Greece

St.Amant, Kirk / Texas Tech University, USA

Standing, Craig / Edith Cowan University, Australia

Stephens, Jackson / Brigham Young University, USA

Stern, Tziporah / Baruch College, CUNY, USA

Still, Brian / Texas Tech University, USA

Subramaniam, R. / Singapore National Academy of Science and Nanyang Technological University,

Singapore

Sun, Jun / Texas A&M University, USA

Suraweera, Theekshana / University of Canterbury, New Zealand

Swierzowicz, Janusz / Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland

Syed, Mahbubur R. / Minnesota State University, USA

Szabados, Anna / Mission College, USA

Tan, Christopher Yew-Gee / University of South Australia, Australia

Tandekar, Kanchana / Dakota State University, USA

Tassabehji, Rana / University of Bradford, UK

Terashima, Nobuyoshi / Waseda University, Japan

Tiffin, John / Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand

Ting, Wayne / The University of Auckland, New Zealand

Todorova, Nelly / University of Canterbury, New Zealand

Tong, Carrison KS / Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital and Tseung Kwan O Hospital,

Hong Kong

Torrisi-Steele, Geraldine / Griffith University, Australia

Uberti, Teodora Erika / Università Cattolica di Milano, Italy

Unnithan, Chandana / Deakin University, Australia

Vatsa, Mayank / Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India

Vician, Chelley / Michigan Technological University, USA

Vitolo, Theresa M. / Gannon University, USA

Voeth, Markus / University of Hohenheim, Germany

Volino, Pascal / University of Geneva, Switzerland

Wang, Pin-Hsin / National Taichung Institute of Technology, Taiwan

Warkentin, Merrill / Mississippi State University, USA

Wei, Chia-Hung / University of Warwick, UK

Wilson, Sean / Brigham Young University, USA

Wong, Eric TT / The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong

Wong-MingJi, Diana J. / Eastern Michigan University, USA

Wright, Carol / Pennsylvania State University, USA

Yang, Bo / The Pennsylvania State University, USA

Yang, Jun / Carnegie Mellon University, USA

Yetongnon, Kokou / University of Bourgogne, France

Yusof, Shafiz A. Mohd / Syracuse University, USA

Zakaria, Norhayati / Syracuse University, USA

Zaphiris, Panayiotis / City University London, UK

Zhuang, Yueting / Zhejiang University, China

Zwitserloot, Reinier / Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

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VOLUME I

Adoption of Communication Products and the Individual Critical Mass / Markus Voeth and Marcus Liehr ....... 1

Affective Computing / Maja Pantic ......................................................................................................................... 8

Agent Frameworks / Reinier Zwitserloot and Maja Pantic .................................................................................... 15

Application of Genetic Algorithms for QoS Routing in Broadband Networks / Leonard Barolli

and Akio Koyama ................................................................................................................................................ 22

Application Service Providers / Vincenzo Morabito and Bernardino Provera ..................................................... 31

Assessing Digital Video Data Similarity / Waleed E. Farag .................................................................................... 36

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line / Leo Tan Wee Hin and R. Subramaniam ....................................................... 42

ATM Technology and E-Learning Initiatives / Marlyn Kemper Littman ............................................................... 49

Biometric Technologies / Mayank Vatsa, Richa Singh, P. Gupta and A.K. Kaushik ............................................ 56

Biometrics Security / Stewart T. Fleming ................................................................................................................. 63

Biometrics, A Critical Consideration in Information Security Management / Paul Benjamin Lowry,

Jackson Stephens, Aaron Moyes, Sean Wilson and Mark Mitchell .................................................................. 69

Broadband Solutions for Residential Customers / Mariana Hentea ....................................................................... 76

Challenges and Perspectives for Web-Based Applications in Organizations / George K. Lalopoulos,

Ioannis P. Chochliouros and Anastasia S. Spiliopoulou-Chochliourou ......................................................... 82

Collaborative Web-Based Learning Community / Percy Kwok Lai-yin and Christopher Tan Yew-Gee ............... 89

Constructing a Globalized E-Commerce Site / Tom S. Chan .................................................................................... 96

Consumer Attitude in Electronic Commerce / Yuan Gao ......................................................................................... 102

Content Repurposing for Small Devices / Neil C. Rowe.......................................................................................... 110

Content-Based Multimedia Retrieval / Chia-Hung Wei and Chang-Tsun Li .......................................................... 116

Context-Awareness in Mobile Commerce / Jun Sun and Marshall Scott Poole .................................................... 123

Core Principles of Educational Multimedia / Geraldine Torrisi-Steele ................................................................... 130

Corporate Conferencing / Vilas D. Nandavadekar ................................................................................................ 137

Cost Models for Telecommunication Networks and Their Application to GSM Systems / Klaus D. Hackbarth,

J. Antonio Portilla and Ing. Carlos Diaz ........................................................................................................... 143

Critical Issues in Global Navigation Satellite Systems / Ina Freeman and Jonathan M. Auld ............................... 151

Dark Optical Fibre as a Modern Solution for Broadband Networked Cities / Ioannis P. Chochliouros,

Anastasia S. Spiliopoulou-Chochliourou and George K. Lalopoulos ............................................................. 158

Decision Making Process of Integrating Wireless Technology into Organizations, The /

Assion Lawson-Body, Glenda Rotvold and Justin Rotvold ............................................................................... 165

Designing Web-Based Hypermedia Systems / Michael Lang ................................................................................ 173

Digital Filters / Gordana Jovanovic-Dolecek .......................................................................................................... 180

Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) Applications / Ioannis P. Chochliouros, Anastasia S.

Spiliopoulou-Chochliourou and George K. Lalopoulos .................................................................................. 197

Digital Watermarking Based on Neural Network Technology for Grayscale Images / Jeanne Chen,

Tung-Shou Chen, Keh-Jian Ma and Pin-Hsin Wang ......................................................................................... 204

Digital Watermarking for Multimedia Security Management / Chang-Tsun Li ....................................................... 213

Distance Education Delivery / Carol Wright ........................................................................................................... 219

Distanced Leadership and Multimedia / Stacey L. Connaughton ........................................................................... 226

Dynamics of Virtual Teams, The / Norhayati Zakaria and Shafiz A. Mohd Yusof ................................................. 233

E-Commerce and Usability / Shawren Singh ........................................................................................................... 242

Educational Technology Standards / Michael O’Dea ............................................................................................. 247

Efficient Method for Image Indexing in Medical Application / Richard Chbeir ..................................................... 257

Elaboration Likelihood Model and Web-Based Persuasion, The / Kirk W. Duthler ............................................... 265

E-Learning and Multimedia Databases / Theresa M. Vitolo, Shashidhar Panjala and Jeremy C. Cannell ........... 271

Electronic Commerce Technologies Management / Shawren Singh ....................................................................... 278

Ethernet Passive Optical Networks / Mário M. Freire, Paulo P. Monteiro, Henrique J. A. da Silva and

Jose Ruela............................................................................................................................................................ 283

Evolution of GSM Network Technology / Phillip Olla ........................................................................................... 290

Evolution of Mobile Commerce Applications / George K. Lalopoulos, Ioannis P. Chochcliouros and

Anastasia S. Spiliopoulou-Chochliourou .......................................................................................................... 295

Exploiting Captions for Multimedia Data Mining / Neil C. Rowe ............................................................................ 302

Face for Interface / Maja Pantic .............................................................................................................................. 308

FDD Techniques Towards the Multimedia Era / Athanassios C. Iossifides, Spiros Louvros and

Stavros A. Kotsopoulos ....................................................................................................................................... 315

Fiber to the Premises / Mahesh S. Raisinghani and Hassan Ghanem .................................................................... 324

Fiber-to-the-Home Technologies and Standards / Andjelka Kelic ......................................................................... 329

From Communities to Mobile Communities of Values / Patricia McManus and Craig Standing .......................... 336

Future of M-Interaction, The / Joanna Lumsden ..................................................................................................... 342

Global Navigation Satellite Systems / Phillip Olla .................................................................................................. 348

Going Virtual / Evangelia Baralou and Jill Stepherd ............................................................................................. 353

Heterogeneous Wireless Networks Using a Wireless ATM Platform / Spiros Louvros, Dimitrios Karaboulas,

Athanassios C. Iossifides and Stavros A. Kotsopoulos ..................................................................................... 359

HyperReality / Nobuyoshi Terashima ...................................................................................................................... 368

Improving Student Interaction with Internet and Peer Review / Dilvan de Abreu Moreira and

Elaine Quintino da Silva .................................................................................................................................... 375

Information Hiding, Digital Watermarking and Steganography / Kuanchin Chen ................................................. 382

Information Security Management / Mariana Hentea ............................................................................................. 390

Information Security Management in Picture-Archiving and Communication Systems for the Healthcare

Industry / Carrison KS Tong and Eric TT Wong ................................................................................................ 396

Information Security Threats / Rana Tassabehji ..................................................................................................... 404

Information Systems Strategic Alignment in Small Firms / Paul B. Cragg and Nelly Todorova ............................ 411

Information Technology and Virtual Communities / Chelley Vician and Mari W. Buche ...................................... 417

Integrated Platform for Networked and User-Oriented Virtual Clothing / Pascal Volino, Thomas Di Giacomo,

Fabien Dellas and Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann ................................................................................................ 424

Interactive Digital Television / Margherita Pagani ................................................................................................ 428

Interactive Memex / Sheng-Uei Guan ...................................................................................................................... 437

Interactive Multimedia Technologies for Distance Education in Developing Countries / Hakikur Rahman ......... 447

Interactive Multimedia Technologies for Distance Education Systems / Hakikur Rahman ................................... 454

International Virtual Offices / Kirk St.Amant ........................................................................................................... 461

Internet Adoption by Small Firms / Paul B. Cragg and Annette M. Mills .............................................................. 467

Internet Privacy from the Individual and Business Perspectives / Tziporah Stern ................................................. 475

Internet Privacy Issues / Hy Sockel and Kuanchin Chen ....................................................................................... 480

Interoperable Learning Objects Management / Tanko Ishaya ................................................................................ 486

Intrusion Detection Systems / H. Gunes Kayacik, A. Nur Zincir-Heywood and Malcolm I. Heywood ................. 494

Investment Strategy for Integrating Wireless Technology into Organizations / Assion Lawson-Body ................. 500

IT Management Practices in Small Firms / Paul B. Cragg and Theekshana Suraweera ........................................ 507

iTV Guidelines / Alcina Prata .................................................................................................................................. 512

Leadership Competencies for Managing Global Virtual Teams / Diana J. Wong-MingJi ....................................... 519

Learning Networks / Albert A. Angehrn and Michael Gibbert ............................................................................... 526

Learning through Business Games / Luigi Proserpio and Massimo Magni ........................................................... 532

Local Loop Unbundling / Alessandro Arbore ......................................................................................................... 538

Local Loop Unbundling Measures and Policies in the European Union / Ioannis P. Chochliouros,

Anastasia S. Spiliopoulou-Chochliourou and George K. Lalopoulos ............................................................. 547

VOLUME II

Making Money with Open-Source Business Initiatives / Paul Benjamin Lowry, Akshay Grover,

Chris Madsen, Jeff Larkin and William Robins.................................................................................................. 555

Malware and Antivirus Procedures / Xin Luo and Merrill Warkentin ................................................................... 562

Measuring the Potential for IT Convergence at Macro Level / Margherita Pagani .............................................. 571

Message-Based Service in Taiwan / Maria Ruey-Yuan Lee and Feng Yu Pai ....................................................... 579

Methods of Research in Virtual Communities / Stefano Pace ................................................................................. 585

Migration to IP Telephony / Khaled A. Shuaib ....................................................................................................... 593

Mobile Ad Hoc Network / Subhankar Dhar ........................................................................................................... 601

Mobile Agents / Kamel Karoui ............................................................................................................................... 608

Mobile Commerce Security and Payment / Chung-wei Lee, Weidong Kou and Wen-Chen Hu .............................. 615

Mobile Computing for M-Commerce / Anastasis Sofokleous, Marios C. Angelides and Christos Schizas ........... 622

Mobile Location Based Services / Bardo Fraunholz, Jürgen Jung and Chandana Unnithan.............................. 629

Mobile Multimedia for Commerce / P. M. Melliar-Smith and L. E. Moser .............................................................. 638

Mobile Radio Technologies / Christian Kaspar and Svenja Hagenhoff ................................................................ 645

Mobility over Heterogeneous Wireless Networks / Lek Heng Ngoh and Jaya Shankar P. .................................. 652

Modeling Interactive Distributed Multimedia Applications / Sheng-Uei Guan...................................................... 660

Modelling eCRM Systems with the Unified Modelling Language / C
lin Gur
u .................................................. 667

Multimedia Communication Services on Digital TV Platforms / Zbigniew Hulicki ................................................. 678

Multimedia Content Representation Technologies / Ali R. Hurson and Bo Yang .................................................. 687

Multimedia Data Mining Concept / Janusz Swierzowicz......................................................................................... 696

Multimedia Information Design for Mobile Devices / Mohamed Ally ..................................................................... 704

Multimedia Information Retrieval at a Crossroad / Qing Li, Jun Yang, and Yueting Zhuang ................................. 710

Multimedia Instructional Materials in MIS Classrooms / Randy V. Bradley, Victor Mbarika, Chetan S.

Sankar and P.K. Raju.......................................................................................................................................... 717

Multimedia Interactivity on the Internet / Omar El-Gayar, Kuanchin Chen and Kanchana Tandekar................ 724

Multimedia Proxy Cache Architectures / Mouna Kacimi, Richard Chbeir and Kokou Yetongnon ...................... 731

Multimedia Technologies in Education / Armando Cirrincione ............................................................................. 737

N-Dimensional Geometry and Kinaesthetic Space of the Internet, The / Peter Murphy ......................................... 742

Network Intrusion Tracking for DoS Attacks / Mahbubur R. Syed, Mohammad M. Nur and

Robert J. Bignall ................................................................................................................................................. 748

Network-Based Information System Model for Research / Jo-Mae B. Maris ......................................................... 756

New Block Data Hiding Method for the Binary Image, A / Jeanne Chen, Tung-Shou Chen and

Meng-Wen Cheng ................................................................................................................................................ 762

Objective Measurement of Perceived QoS for Homogeneous MPEG-4 Video Content / Harilaos Koumaras,

Drakoulis Martakos and Anastasios Kourtis .................................................................................................... 770

Online Discussion and Student Success in Web-Based Education, The / Erik Benrud ......................................... 778

Open Source Intellectual Property Rights / Stewart T. Fleming.............................................................................. 785

Open Source Software and International Outsourcing / Kirk St.Amant and Brian Still ........................................ 791

Optical Burst Switching / Joel J. P. C. Rodrigues, Mário M. Freire, Paulo P. Monteiro and Pascal Lorenz....... 799

Peer-to-Peer Filesharing Systems for Digital Media / Jerald Hughes and Karl Reiner Lang ................................. 807

Personalized Web-Based Learning Services / Larbi Esmahi ................................................................................... 814

Picture Archiving and Communication System in Health Care / Carrison KS Tong and Eric TT Wong ................ 821

Plastic Optical Fiber Applications / Spiros Louvros, Athanassios C. Iossifides, Dimitrios Karaboulas and

Stavros A. Kotsopoulos ....................................................................................................................................... 829

Potentials of Information Technology in Building Virtual Communities / Isola Ajiferuke and

Alexander Markus ............................................................................................................................................... 836

Principles for Managing Information Security / Rana Tassabehji ........................................................................... 842

Privilege Management Infrastructure / Darren P. Mundy and Oleksandr Otenko ................................................. 849

Production, Delivery and Playback of 3D Graphics / Thomas Di Giacomo, Chris Joslin, and Nadia

Magnenat-Thalmann ........................................................................................................................................... 855

Public Opinion and the Internet / Peter Murphy ...................................................................................................... 863

Quality of Service Issues Associated with Internet Protocols / Jairo A. Gutiérrez and Wayne Ting .................... 869

Reliability Issues of the Multicast-Based Mediacommunication / Gábor Hosszú ................................................... 875

Re-Purposeable Learning Objects Based on Teaching and Learning Styles / Abtar Kaur, Jeremy Dunning,

Sunand Bhattacharya and Ansary Ahmed ......................................................................................................... 882

Risk-Control Framework for E-Marketplace Participation, A / Pauline Ratnasingam............................................. 887

Road Map to Information Security Management / Lech J. Janczewski and Victor Portougal .............................. 895

Security Laboratory Design and Implementation / Linda V. Knight and Jean-Philippe P. Labruyere .................. 903

Security Vulnerabilities and Exposures in Internet Systems and Services / Rui C. Cardoso and

Mário M. Freire ................................................................................................................................................... 910

Semantic Web / Rui G. Pereira and Mário M. Freire ............................................................................................. 917

Software Ad Hoc for E-Learning / Maria-Isabel Sánchez-Segura, Antonio de Amescua, Luis García and

Luis A. Esteban .................................................................................................................................................... 925

Supporting Online Communities with Technological Infrastructures / Laura Anna Ripamonti ............................. 937

Teletranslation / Minako O’Hagan .......................................................................................................................... 945

Telework Information Security / Loreen Marie Butcher-Powell ............................................................................. 951

Text-to-Speech Synthesis / Mahbubur R. Syed, Shuvro Chakrobartty and Robert J. Bignall ............................. 957

2G-4G Networks / Shakil Akhtar.............................................................................................................................. 964

Type Justified / Anna Szabados and Nishikant Sonwalkar ................................................................................... 974

Ubiquitous Commerce / Holtjona Galanxhi-Janaqi and Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah ..................................................... 980