Hiện trạng ô nhiễm dầu thải ở huyện khoái châu, tinh hưng yên

ISSN: 2354-0575

HIEN TRANG 0 NHIEM DAU THAI

6 HUYEN KHOAI CHAU , TIN H HUN G Y^ N

ACTUAL SITUATION OF WASTE OIL POLLUTION

EV KHOAI CHAU DISTRICT, HUNG YEN PROVINCE

Phan Thi Uyln Nhung, L l Thanh Huy, Nguyin Vigt Diing

Truang Dgt hpc Suphgm Ky thudt Hung Yen

Tom tat: , -, - • u<u--

Ddu thdi Id mdt ngudn chdt thdt nguy hgi cd nhirng tdc ddng to l&n den mdt truang va he sinn mat.

Tuy nhiin chiing chua duoc qudn ly mgt cdch chdt che, diiu ndy da ddn din nguy ea ro ri, phdt tdn cdc

ngudn ddu thdi vdo mdi tnr&ng, gdy o nhiim mdi tru&ng vd phd huy he sinh thai. Trong bdi bdo nay chung

tdi dd ttin hdnh diiu tra, khdo sdt hten trgng phdt sinh vd qudn ly cdc ngudn dau thai phat sinh trong hoat

dong giao thdng. tir cdc co so kinh doanh, dich vu sua chUa. rua xe. trgm xdng ddu vd gara o to, ddng that

tiin hdnh ddnh gid Men trang qudn ly ddu thdi tren dia bdn huyin Khodi Chdu.

Tit khda: Dau thdi, Khodi Chau.

1 Dat van de

Tu tmdc din nay, khi noi din tinh ttang 6

nhlim mfli tmdng do boat dflng giao thflng, chung

ta thudng tap trung di cap den cac loai khi thai nhu

COj, CO, SOj, NO^, bui, kim loai nang,.,. nhung

chua d i cap din mflt nguon chat thai da dupc lilt

vao cac ngufln chat thai nguy hai do la dau nhflt

thai - mgt loai chit thai co nhiing tac dgng manh me

va lau dai din moi truflng ddt, nudc, khflng khi va

he sinh thdi.

Trong khi dfl, mflt thyc te tfln tai hiln oay

ttong cong tac quan ly mfli trudng la chi cfl ngufln

dau nhdt thai ra tu hpat dgng hen quan din cflng

nghiep mdi dugc quan ly chat che con vile xa thai,

thu gom, lira trii va xu ly nhot thai ra tit boat dong

giao thflng van tai va dan dyng thi dang dugc tha

nfli, chua co biln pbap kilm soat, qudn ly chat che

cua cac co quan cfl chuc nang, Ngufln thai khflng

dugc chii y nay nam lan ttong rac sinh hoat hang

ngay se gflp phan lam fl nhilm mfli trudng sflng neu

nhu chiing khflng dugc kiem soat va quan ly chat

che.

Xuat phat tu nhiing yeu cau tten, myc tieu

cua nghien cdu la:

- Khao sat, danh gia hien trang phat sinh dau

thai nguy hai

- De xuat nhirng giai phap quan ly hiiu hieu

cho cac ngufln chat thai nguy hai neu tten.

2. Ngi dung

Dau nhflt la mflt loai hydrocacbon da vong,

thanh phan ddu nhdt gflm cfl ddu gflc va cac phu

gia (calxium sulphonate). Day la ngufln nguyin lieu

chinh diing de boi tton tdt ca cac dpng ca xe may,

fltfl va cac loai xe ca gidi khac. Dau nhdt thai la dau

sau khi su dung xong duac thai bo, la chat nhon cfl

mau den, quanh lai, khflng hoa tan trong nudc, ben

viing va cfl chua cac chdt hoa hgc dgc hai va cac

kira loai nang, nfl phan buy rdt cham va cd d khdp

mgi noi [1].

Phuang thiic diu thai xam nhap vao ca thi

sing bao gflm: tiip xiic qua da, dn udng, ho hap, va

ticb luy ttong ca thi lam tich ty sinh hgc gay nen

benh ung thu, va cac benh man tinh khac dnh huflng

din sdc khoe cua con ngudi Do cfl dac tinh ciia diu

nhflt thai co kha nang chay, nen nguon hang nay vfl

cimg quy gia cho nhiing ca sd su dung no lam nhiln

heu. Va chinh viec sii dung dau nhflt thai lam nhiln

lilu da tao ra nhiiu khi CO^, CO, tham chi cfl ca

Furan, Dioxin, va khdi den gay o nhilm mfli tmdng

khflng khi, va co miii hfli, xflc, hang hat rat kho chiu

neu ngui phai [2].

2.1. Hien trang phat sinh, o nhiem dau thai it

Huyin Khodi Chdu, tinh Hung Yi n

'Luong dau thdi phdt sinh

Dl dieu tra sfl lugng cac ca sd phat sinh

dau thdi ttIn dia ban huyen Khoai Chau chiing toi

da tiln hanh di khao sat thuc ti tai 24 xa va 1 thi

ttan Qua trinh dilu tta se tien banh khao sat thyc te

cac van dl raoi truflng tai cac co sd nay, kit hgp vdi

phflng vdn tmc tilp bang phieu dieu tra d l xac dinh

dugc hiln ttang phat sinh va quan ly dau thdi.

Kit qua cho thay tten dia ban huyen Khoai

Chau cfl 3 loai hmh kinli doanh - dich vy cd phat

sinh diu thai nguy hai, Sfl lugng va ti ll cua cac ca

sd nay dugc trinh bay ttong bang 1 va hinh 1.

Bang 1. Cdc logi hinh kinh doanh dich vu phdt sinh

ddu thdi trin dia bdn huyin Khodi Chdu

STT Cac loai hinh kinh

doanh

So Cff sd kinh

^an h

78 Khoa hoc & Cong nghe - S6 3/2014 Journal of Science and Technology