Hệ thống phân phối bán lẻ hàng hoá của Việt Nam trong quá trình hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế

NGHiEN cflu CHl'NH SACH

HE THONG PHAN PHOI BAN LE HANG HOA CUA VIET NAM • •

TRDNG QUA TRINH HOI NHAP KINH TE QUOC TE

ThS. NGUYEN THj DIEU CHI. ThS. LONG XUYEN

Cong ty co phan Dau td va Td vdn tai chfnh ddu khi Viet Nam

T rong nhdng nam vda qua,

he thd'ng phan phdi ban le

hang hda cua Viet Nam

phat trien nhanh va da dang vdi

nhieu hinh thdc khac nhau, dd la

sd dan xen gida be thd'ng phan

phdi truyen thdng va he thd'ng

phan phdi hien dai. Ca'u true cua

he thd'ng phan phdi ban le hang

hda tren thi trddng cung rat phdc

tap va dddc md rdng tren ca ba

dia ban: thanh thi, ndng thdn va

mien nui. Cac kenh Idu thdng

hang hda bddc dau dddc binh

thanh va cCing cd vdi sd tham gia

cua nhieu loai hinh doanh

nghiep thudc moi thanh phan

kinh te, gdp phan thuc day san

xuat hang hda phat trien, gSn san

xuat vdi thi trddng.

1. Khai quat ve he tho'ng phan

phoi ban le cua nfldc ta hien nay

Tong mflc bi n le hang hda va

doanh thu djch vu cua nfldc ta lien

tuc tang qua ci c nim , cu the la:

nam 1996 dat 145.874 ty ddng;

nam 2000 dat 220.410,6 ty ddng

(tdc do ting binh quan giai doan

1996-2000 la gi n 11%/nam);

nam 2001 dat 245.315 ty ddng;

nam 2005 dat gin 480.300 ty

ddng (tdc dd tang binh quan giai

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During past years, retail sale distribution system of Vietnam has rap￾idly developed with diversified modes, which is characterize by the

combination between traditional distribution system and modem one.

Retail distribution system structure is also very complex and is expanded

in three areas including urban, rural and mountainous areas. Distribution

channels have been established and improved with the pariicipation of

many types of enterprises in all economic sectors, contributing to the

development of commodity production and acting as a principal link

between production and market. Nevertheless, our retail sale distribution

system has exposed numerous shortcoming, especially in the context of

broader and deeper integration into the worid economy.

The articie below will touch upon difficulties and challenges faced

by retail sale distribution system, namely: organizational pattern of the

system is observed as irrational and perplexed, the competitiveness of

local products is still low, the sellers are not professionally trained; the

violation of laws in retail distribution system has become popular...

doan 2001-2005 dat 18,3%/nim); nam 2U0() dat 580.700 ty ddn'i:,:

nam 2007 dat 746.159 ty ddng; ni m 2008 dat 983.803 ty ddng; va

n i m 2009 la 1.197.480 ty ddng. Trong 10 nam qua, tdc do tang binh

quin cua tdng mflc bi n le hang hda v i doanh thu djch vu ludn cao hdn

tfl 1,5-2 ll n so vdi tdc do tin g tdng sin pham qud'c ndi (GDP); thddng

mai trong nfldc thfldng chie'm ty trgng tfl 1 3,5-14% trong CDP, chi sau

nginh cdng nghiep che' bie'n (khoang 20%) va nganh ndng nghiep

(khoing 16-18%).

Mdt so mat ban che trong phi t trie'n khu vflc djch vu d nfldc ta la:

tdc dd tin g trfldng cua khu vflc djch vu dat muc tieu ke hoach nhdng

cdn thi'p so vdi tiem nang; ty trgng cua nginh dich vu trong CDP con

tha'p; chi l Ifldng va hieu qua hoat ddng cua ci c doanh nghiep djch vu

chfla cao; nhieu loai phf djch vu cdn bat hdp ly va cao hdn nhilu nddc

trong khu vflc; nang Iflc canh tranh cua ci c sin pham dich vu cdn yeu,

the hien d c i gi i thinh cao va chi l Iflflng dich vu tha'p; nang Idc tiep

can thj trfldng cua ci c doanh nghiep dich vu cdn yeu kem.

48 THONG TIN & DU BAO KiNH TE - XA HQI SO 54 (6.2010)