Handbook of mobile systems applications and services

Handbook of Mobile

Systems Applications

and Services

Handbook of Mobile

Systems Applications

and Services

Edited by

Anup Kumar and Bin Xie

CRC Press

Taylor & Francis Group

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Version Date: 20120320

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To my parents, wife, and twin daughters

Anup Kumar

To my wife Pei Zhang and my boy Derock and baby girl Daisy

Bin Xie

vii

Contents

Preface............................................................................................................ix

Editors..........................................................................................................xiii

Contributors.................................................................................................. xv

SECTION I BUILDING BLOCKS FOR MOBILE SERVICES

ARCHITECTURE

1 Service-Oriented Architecture for Mobile Services................................3

HONG-LINH TRUONG AND SCHAHRAM DUSTDAR

2 Service Discovery for Mobile Computing: Classifications,

Considerations, and Challenges...........................................................45

JIAN ZHU, MOHAMMAD OLIYA, AND HUNG KENG PUNG

3 Interactive Context-Aware Services for Mobile Devices.......................91

ANALA ANIRUDDHA PANDIT AND ANUP KUMAR

4 Mobile Data Services with Location Awareness and Event

Detection in Hybrid Wireless Sensor Networks.................................135

LIANG HONG, YAFENG WU, AND SANG H. SON

5 Service Collaboration Protocols in Mobile Systems...........................165

JINGLI LI AND BIN XIE

6 Mobile Agents for Mobile Services.....................................................207

RATAN K. GHOSH

SECTION II MIDDLEWARE FOR MOBILE SERVICES

7 Middleware for Mobile and Pervasive Services..................................243

ANTOINE B. BAGULA, MIESO K. DENKO, AND M. ZENNARO

viii  ◾  Contents

8 Context-Aware Middleware for Supporting Mobile Applications

and Services........................................................................................269

WENWEI XUE AND HUNG KENG PUNG

9 Interoperability across Technologies for Mobile Services ..................305

ANUP KUMAR, M. IYAD ALKHAYAT, BIN XIE,

AND SANJULI AGARWAL

10 Mobility and Middleware: Enabling Ubiquitous Quality

of Service for Mobile Services.............................................................347

BING HE, BIN XIE, AND SANJULI AGARWAL

11 Middleware Systems Architecture for Distributed Web

Service Workflow Coordination.........................................................383

JANAKA BALASOORIYA, SUSHIL K. PRASAD, AND

SHAMKANT B. NAVATHE

12 Development and Implementation of Mobile Services

in Mobile Platforms............................................................................415

YINGBING YU, BIN XIE, AND SANJULI AGARWAL

SECTION III SECURITY AND APPLICATIONS

OF MOBILE SERVICES

13 Security, Privacy, and Authorization for Mobile Services..................455

ROBERT KELLEY, ANUP KUMAR, AND BIN XIE

14 GEO-PRIVACY: Enforcing Privacy Policies Considering

User Location .....................................................................................495

MATTHIAS FARWICK, BERTHOLD AGREITER, BASEL KATT,

THOMAS TROJER, AND PATRICK C. K. HUNG

15 Service-Based Connectivity for Wireless Systems..............................537

ABRAHAM GEORGE

16 Mobile Access to Printed Texts for People Who Are Blind

or Visually Impaired...........................................................................559

A. S. SHAIK AND M. YEASIN

ix

Preface

The service-oriented mobile computing paradigm delivers integrated functional￾ities to support the availability of a wide variety of applications in the mobile envi￾ronment. The technical advances of mobile services over the last few years have

successfully fostered a variety of new mobile applications that are available on an

as-needed basis. It is expected that these applications will offer more exciting and

efficient services for users anytime and anywhere, across heterogeneous access and

networking technologies. The success of the next generation of mobile communica￾tion will depend highly on the seamless mobility of these services and applications.

These mobile services have shown a great commercial potential; for example, the

mobile services for entertainment such as mobile TV, music, and games. The mobile

market is expected to be valued at about $64 billion by 2012 according to a recent

market prediction.

Due to diversified mobile environments, the design issues of mobile services are

extremely complicated and a number of technical challenges need to be explored,

such as mobile system protocols, distributed algorithms, and computational meth￾ods for service-oriented computing (SOC). The challenges also include the design,

implementation, usage, and evaluation of mobile computing and wireless systems,

applications, and services. For example, it is critical to define the functionalities and

behaviors of mobile services such that they can be effectively described, advertised,

discovered, and composed by others. Therefore, a well-designed service platform

allows innovative services to be created, deployed, and managed, addressing the

needs of both the customer and the provider. In addition, semantic technologies

help to structure contextual knowledge about the user environment. This book is

designed to provide a complete understanding of these technologies, and investi￾gates the evolution of these technologies from the basic concepts to implementation

protocols, from the fundamentals to practical applications. It stands as a compre￾hensive reference for students, instructors, researchers, engineers, and other profes￾sionals, building their understanding of mobile service computing.

The book addresses various fundamental design issues for mobile services.

The book is organized in three major sections. The first section of the book provides

background and building blocks for mobile services architecture, the second section

x  ◾  Preface

gives details of middleware support for mobile services, and the third section dis￾cusses security and applications of mobile services.

The first section includes Chapters 1 through 6. Chapter 1 illustrates the

service-oriented architecture (SOA) and also discusses why SOA/SOC is important

for the development of mobile services today and in the future. It discusses SOA￾based architectural styles and protocols, such as SOAP/REST Web services, inter￾action models, and service management, in mobile services. Chapter 2 covers

current service discovery frameworks developed in industry and research commu￾nities and provides a way to classify them based on the taxonomy presented. The

strengths and weaknesses of different approaches are discussed. The second part of

the chapter focuses on considerations and challenges that are specific to service

discovery for mobile computing. Chapter 3 covers the basics of mobile services and

applications that are deployed in various contexts and surroundings. This chapter

illustrates how these services can be context aware, having the contextually relevant

information of the users. The main focuses are service adaptation, context manage￾ment, and context evaluation. Chapter 4 presents an Event-based Location Aware

Query (ELAQ) model that continuously aggregates data in specific areas around

mobile sensors of interest to provide mobile data services with location awareness

and event detection for the users. Chapter 5 discusses the complex network envi￾ronment of mobile collaboration, identifies the challenging design issues, and

explores a variety of service collaboration protocols and architectures in mobile

systems. Chapter 6 provides an insightful study on mobile agent technology and its

importance in the design of mobile services.

The second section of the book includes Chapters 7 through 12. Chapter 7

discusses the middleware for mobile and pervasive services. It provides core classi￾fication approaches and future trends in this area. Chapter 8 presents a layered

architecture of context-aware middleware and describes the functional components

of each individual layer as system services, followed by a survey of recent middle￾ware systems and their classification according to a taxonomy derived from the

layered architectural model. The chapter also discusses future research challenges in

context-aware middleware technologies. Chapter 9 discusses architecture for sup￾porting multimode terminals in integrated heterogeneous wireless networks. It pro￾vides an overview of virtual wireless services to terminals with multiple interfaces.

Chapter 10 discusses quality-of-service (QoS) protocols and their enhancements in

supporting user mobility. The unique issues for enabling QoS in the mobile wireless

network are investigated from the mobility protocols to advanced QoS adaptation

schemes. The chapter further discusses the QoS-aware middleware that implements

the QoS standards in such a way that the QoS reservation and adaptation are effec￾tively hidden from the applications, which facilitates the implementation of QoS￾enabled applications in a mobile environment. Chapter 11 provides an architecture

called Web service coordination management middleware. It is a simple but power￾ful enhancement that enables Web services to locally manage their workflow

dependencies and to handle messages resulting from multiple workflows.

Preface  ◾  xi

The third section of the book includes Chapters 13 through 16. Chapter 13

presents and analyzes the security vulnerabilities to which mobile services are sub￾ject. It further provides taxonomy for attacks against mobile services and outlines

the solutions that have been proposed for mitigating them. It also introduces best

practices for security design that mobile service developers can follow to improve

security of the mobile systems. Chapter 14 addresses the problem of location-based

access control in the context of privacy protection. It discusses the impact of mobil￾ity on two current privacy laws—the E.U. Data Privacy Directive and the Health

Insurance Portability and Accountability Act in the United States. It also proposes

a new location-based access control model GEO-PRIVACY. Chapter 15 addresses

the network availability constraint (insufficient radio resources) to serve all the

mobile services originating from a single-user terminal. The key thrust behind this

chapter is that a mobile user terminal may obtain a service by attaching itself to

multiple attachment points, that is, base station/access points. The main goal of

Chapter 16 is to discuss the development of assistive technology solutions that will

facilitate day-to-day activities for people who are blind or visually impaired.

xiii

Editors

Dr. Anup Kumar completed his PhD from NCSU

and is currently a professor of CECS Department at

the University of Louisville and the director of Mobile

Information Network and Distributed Systems

(MINDS) Lab. His research interests include wireless

and mobile systems, routing in ad hoc and sensor net￾works, distributed algorithm implementation, QoS￾based Web services, seamless mobile computing

environment, and wireless content delivery over the

Internet. He has been PI and Co-PI of several fed￾eral grants funded by National Science Foundation,

Department of Treasury, Kentucky Science Founda￾tion, Department of Hometown Security, etc. He is

the associate editor of IEEE Transactions on Services Computing. He is also the associate

editor of the Internal Journal of Web Services Research and International Society of

Computers and their Application Journal. He was a member of IEEE Distinguished

Visitor Program (2006–2008). In GLOBECOM-2010, he had organized the Cloud

Computing Forum and has given tutorials on Cloud Computing at CyberC-2010,

ICCNT-2010, and SCC-2009. He is currently serving on the organizing committees

of many international conferences. He was the Chair of IEEE Computer Society

Technical Committee on Simulation (TCSIM) (2004–2007). He has published and

presented over 175 papers. Some of his papers have appeared in ACM Multimedia

Systems Journal, several IEEE Transactions, Wireless Communication and Mobile

Computing, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, IEEE Journal on Selected

Areas in Communications, etc. He was the associate editor of the International Journal

of Engineering Design and Automation (1995–1998). He has served on many conference

programs and organizing committees such as CyberC-2009, MASS-2008, SCC￾2008, ICWS-2008, IEEE ISCC 2007, IEEE ICSW-2006, IEEE MASS-2005, IEEE

SCC-2005, IEEE ICWS-2005, CIT-2005, IEEE MASCOTS, and ADCOM ’97 and

’98. He has also edited special issues in IEEE Internet Magazine and International

Journal on Computers and Operations Research. He is a senior member of IEEE.

xiv  ◾  Editors

Dr. Bin Xie received his MSc and PhD (with hon￾ors) in computer science and computer engineering

from the University of Louisville, Kentucky, in

2003 and 2006, respectively. He was a post doc at

the University of Cincinnati from 2006 to 2008.

He thereafter was a visiting scholar at the NEC

C&C Innovation Research Laboratories and

Carnegie Mellon University CyLab Japan. Dr. Xie

is the founder and currently the president of

InfoBeyond Technology LLC. InfoBeyond

researches, simulates, prototypes, develops, and

delivers useful networking products for wireless mobile communications and infor￾mation processes. The research works at InfoBeyond have been broadly supported

by the army, navy, air force, and the State of Kentucky. Dr. Xie is the author of

Handbook/Encyclopedia of Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computing (World Scientific:

ISBN-10: 981283348X) and Heterogeneous Wireless Networks—Networking Protocol

to Security (VDM Publishing House: ISBN: 3836419270). He has published over

60 papers in the IEEE conferences and journals. Some of his papers have appeared

in the most-cited journals in the areas of telecommunication and computer archi￾tecture. His research interests focus on mobile computing and applications, such as

wireless sensor network, ad hoc networks, mesh networks, 4G, and network secu￾rity. In these areas, he has carried out substantial research on the fundamental

issues of network deployment, network coverage, network connectivity, perfor￾mance evaluation, and Internet/wireless infrastructure security. His recent research

encompasses image process supported by the Navy Research Laboratory. He has

successfully established many mathematical models (graph theory, information/

code theory, game theory, linear programming, and optimization) for communica￾tion networks and their security. He is an editor member of the Journal of

International Journal of Information Technology, Communications and Convergence

(IJITCC), and has edited a special issue on the cyber-enabled information discov￾ery. He has recently edited a special issue on clustering and clouding computing for

Elsevier Future Generation Computer Systems (FGCS). Dr. Xie has served as the

program chair or TPC member for over 30 conferences and workshops. He is a

senior member of IEEE.