Gis Application In Forest Fire Risk Mapping In Tam Dao National Park Vinh Phuc Province

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MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY

STUDENT THESIS

GIS APPLICATION IN FOREST FIRE RISK MAPPING

IN TAM DAO NATIONAL PARK, VINH PHUC PROVINCE

Major: Natural Resources Management (Advanced programme)

Faculty: Forest Resources and Environmental Management

Student: Pham Duc Dat Student ID: 1553 060244

Class: K60-Natural Resources Management

Course: 2015-2019

Advance Education Program

Developed in collaboration with Colorado State University, USA

Supervisor: Le Thai Son, Msc

Ha Noi, 2019

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TABLES OF CONTENTS

TABLES OF CONTENTS .................................................................................. i

ABBREVIATION .............................................................................................iii

TABLE OF TABLES ........................................................................................iv

TABLE OF FIGURES ....................................................................................... v

TABLE OF MAPS ............................................................................................ vi

I.. Introduction ................................................................................................... 1

II. Literature review ........................................................................................... 3

III. Goal and objectives ...................................................................................... 7

3.1 Goal.............................................................................................................. 7

3.2 Objectives .................................................................................................... 7

IV. Study area .................................................................................................... 8

4.1 Location and boundary ................................................................................. 8

4.2 Topography .................................................................................................. 9

4.3 Climate characteristic ................................................................................... 9

4.4 Hydrology .................................................................................................. 10

4.5 Geology ...................................................................................................... 11

4.6 Traffic ........................................................................................................ 11

4.7 Flammable Forest types .............................................................................. 11

V. Material and Method ................................................................................... 13

5.1 Description of environmental factors .......................................................... 13

5.2 Data analysis .............................................................................................. 17

A. Climate ........................................................................................................ 20

B. Vegetation types and topographic variables ................................................. 21

VI. Result and Discussion ................................................................................ 24

6.1 Climatic variables results ............................................................................ 24

A. Maximum temperature ................................................................................ 24

B. Average temperature .................................................................................... 26

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C. Precipitation................................................................................................. 28

D. Solar radiation ............................................................................................. 29

E. Wind speed .................................................................................................. 31

6.2 Topography variables result ....................................................................... 33

A. Elevation ..................................................................................................... 33

C. Slope............................................................................................................ 37

D. Topographic Wetness Index ........................................................................ 39

E. Vegetation.................................................................................................... 41

F. Distances from roads .................................................................................... 43

VII. Conclusion ................................................................................................ 53

References

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ABBREVIATION

Short name ID Real name

NWFR F1 Natural woody forest mountain rich land

NWFM F2 Natural woody forest mountain medium land

NWFP F3 Natural woody forest mountain poor land

RWT F4 Regenerating woody trees

NS F5 New seedlings are planted

RNWFRM F6 Restored natural wood forest in rocky mountains

RNWFLM F7 Restore natural wood forest in soil mountain

PFH F8 Planted forest on hills

NMFWB F9 Natural mixed forest between wood and bamboo

NMFBW F10 Natural mixed forest between bamboo and wood

NBF F11 Natural bamboo forest in soil mountain

PBF F12 Planted bamboo forest in soil mountain

NOBFLM F13 Natural other bamboo forest in soil mountain

FFRZ Forest fire risk zone

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TABLE OF TABLES

Table 5.1 Environmental variables and their ID ............................................... 13

Table 5.2 GIS raw data used for making forest fire risk map ............................ 16

Table 5.3 Ranking meanings to identify forest fire risk levels .......................... 17

Table 5.4 Variables and their weights to determine forest risk zone ................. 18

Table 6.1 Maximum temperature indexes ......................................................... 24

Table 6.2 Average temperature indexes ............................................................ 26

Table 6.3 Precipitation indexes......................................................................... 28

Table 6.4 Solar radiation indexes ..................................................................... 30

Table 6.5 Wind speed indexes .......................................................................... 32

Table 6.6 Elevation indexes.............................................................................. 34

Table 6.7 Aspect indexes .................................................................................. 36

Table 6.8 Slope indexes.................................................................................... 37

Table 6.9 Topographic wetness index .............................................................. 39

Table 6.10 Vegetation types indexes ................................................................ 41

Table 6.11 Distances from roads indexes ......................................................... 43

Table 6.12 Forest fire risk zone indexes ........................................................... 45

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TABLE OF FIGURES

Figure 4.1 Tam Dao National Park location ....................................................... 8

Figure 6.1 Percentage areas of maximum temperature °C ............................... 25

Figure 6.2 Percentage areas of average temperature oC ................................... 26

Figure 6.3 Percentage areas of precipitation mm ............................................. 28

Figure 6.4 Percentage of areas of solar radiation ............................................. 30

Figure 6.5 Percentage of areas of wind speed m/s ........................................... 32

Figure 6.6 Percentage of areas of elevation ..................................................... 34

Figure 6.7 Percentage areas of aspect .............................................................. 37

Figure 6.8 Percentage of areas of slope ........................................................... 38

Figure 6.9 Percentage area of the Topographic wetness index ......................... 39

Figure 6.10 Percentages areas of vegetation types ........................................... 42

Figure 6.11 Percentage areas of distance from roads ....................................... 43

Figure 6.12 Percentage area of forest fire risk zones ....................................... 46