Giáo dục ý thức phát triển bền vững về môi trường sinh thái cho sinh viên

GIAO DUC Y THirC PHAT TRIEN BEN VITNG

VE MOI TRirONG SINH THAI CHO SINH VIEN

O ThS. NGUYEN TRLTONG KHANG - ThS. NGUY§N THI KHLTONG*

Ton mdt trdm ndm trudc, Ph.Angghen dd

[khdng djnh: «Chiing fa hodn todn khdng

^dng tri dugc gidi fy nhien nhu mqf ke xdm

luge thdng tri mdt ddn foe khdc, nhy mqf ngudi sd'ng

ben ngodi gidi fy nhiin, md trdi Iqi, bdn thdn chirnq

fa, vdi ed xucng thif, mdu mu vd ddu de ehiing fa. Id

thude ve gidi fy nhien, chirng ta ndm trong Idnq gidi

ty nhien, vd tdt ed sy thdng frf cua chung fa doi vdi

gidi fy nhien Id d chd chirng fa, khde vdi fdf cd cde

sinh vdt khde. Id chung ta nhdn thire duge quy ludt

cua gidi ty nhiin vd ed thesu dyng dugc nhifng quy

luqf dy mdt cdch ehinh xdc" (1). Ldi cdnh bdo ndy

dd khdng duqc nhdn loqi (hong dd cd Viet Nam)

ddn nhdn mot cdch ed y thire vd hiet dl .

Hien noy, nudc to dang phdi dd'i mat vdi nhilu

nguy co, thdch thirc ve mdi trudng sinh thdi - nhdn

vdn. Cdc loqi d nhiem mdi trudng nhu: d nhiem

mdi trudng ddt, nude, khdng khi, mdi trudng xd

hoi... xdy ro d hdu hit ede hnh thdnh trong cd

nudc vd nd Id nguyen nhdn ddn din cdc «ldng

ung thu", «ldng fe nqn xd hdi"... Sd'nq vdi h/

nhien nhung Iqi tdc ddng mdt cdch thd bqo vdo

hr nhien, ty nhien ndi gidn, dd Id ket cue md chung

to nhdn duqc trong nhtrng thdp ki gdn ddy.

Dirng trude nhu cdu cdn thiet phdi ddo tqo

ngudn nhdn lye chdt luqng coo phyc vy ddt nudc

trong xu th i todn edu hda, nhirng ndm gdn day,

chdt luqng vd so luqng ddo tqo cuo he thdng

gido dye (GD) qudc ddn nude ta tdng nhonh.

Ndm 1987, cd nude cd khodng 130 nghin sinh

vien (SV) thi den ndm 1997 Id hon 700 nghin SV

vd tdi ndm 2009 cd nudc cd hon 1,7 trieu SV

dong theo hqc d d2/d3 tinh thdnh tren cd nudc

(duy nhd't cd hnh Ddk Ndng chuo cd trudng dqi

hqc hodc coo ddng ndo) (2). Vdi sd luqng SV

dd, dil trye tilp hoy gidn tilp, dii vd hnh hoy ed

y, hq vdn duqc liet Ke vdo trong nhdm nhtrng

nhdn to gdy nen nhOng dnh hudng dd'i vdi mdi

trudng sinh thdi d nude to hien noy.

Viec GD y thirc ve «phdf then ben vung" (PTBV)

cho SV cdc trudng dqi hqc, coo ddng Id mdt trong

nhi/ng hudng di dung ddn, thiet thyc; khdng ehi

cung cdp cho SV mdt nen tdng vdn hda sinh thdi

nhdn vdn de budc vdo cudc sdng md cdn Id mot

Tap chi Giao due so 23 8 (ki a - 5/aoio)

trong nhirng gidi phdp quon trqng gdp phdn vdo

viee khdc phyc hnh trqng d nhiem mdi trudng

sinh thdi tren cd nudc; cung Id gidi phdp de Viet

Nam trd nen xonh, sqch hon trong mdt bqn be

t h i gidi. Ddc biet, cdn cd y nghTo tich cyc trong

viec xdy dyng nen nhirng con ngudi cd nhdn cdch

phi) hqp vdi sy phdt trien cua mot xd hdi vdn

minh. GD y thirc ve PTBV Id mot nen GD ddy

mqnh qud trinh gidi thich vd nhdn thuc sdu sdc y

nghTo cuo PTBV. Qud trinh ndy giup ngudi hqc

chu dqng tdc ddng tich cyc, cd y thirc vdo cde

ngudn lye cuo ty nhien d l dem Iqi Iqi ich Idu ddi

cho bdn than cung nhu mong den cho ty nhien sy

trong sqch vdn cd cuo nd.

Trudc ddy, khi cdc trudng dqi hqc, coo ddng

d Viet Nam chua dp dyng hinh thuc ddo tqo theo

hqc ehl tin chi, nhOng kien thirc ve PTBV chi duqc

the hien mdt phdn hong cdc mdn hex: nhu: «Mdi

trudng vd ddn sd", «Mdi trudng vd con ngudi"...

vdl thdi luqng rdt it (2 hodc 3 don vj hqc trinh).

Mqc du vdi thdi luqng it, song SV cung phdn ndo

hiiu duoc tdm quon hqng ciio viec giir gin vd bdo

ve mdi trudng sinh thdi. Nhung hien nay, khi hdu

hit cdc trudng deu dp dyng ninh thirc ddo tqo

theo hqc chi tin chi thi mdn hqc ndy cd sy thoy ddi

ddng ke (khodng 2 tin chi). Vdi SV khdng chuyen

ngdnh, ddy khdng phdi Id mdn hqc bdt budc (mdn

hr chqn) nen chi cd mot sd it SV lyo chqn hqc mdn

ndy. Cdn vdi cdc ngdnh chuyen ngdnh (Mdi hudng,

Sinh hqc, Dja li...) thi nhirng kien thirc ve «PTBV"

eung chi duqc hqc Idng ghep vdo cdc mdn hqc

khdc chu chuo duqc ngnien ciru mot cdch ddc lap,

sdu sdc vd todn dien. Thyc trqng ndy Idm cho nhiing

kien thirc ve PTBV khdng duqc hjyen truyen sdu

rdng cho todn bd SV, dnh hudng tdi nhqn thirc

cuo SV v l mdi trudng sinh thdi.

Tren the gidi, nhi/ng kiln thirc ve PTBV duqc

thi hien phd biin trong tdt cd cdc chuong trinh

hqc, d tdt cd cdc ed'p, bde hqc; nd khdng chi Id

mdt mdn hqc ddc ldp md cdn duqc Idng ghep

vdo cdc mdn hqc khdc nen y thirc bdo ve mdi trudng

sinh thdi duqc the hien rdt coo. O Viet Nam, chi

(Xem flip trang 63)

* Tnrcing Dai Iipc sir ptiam - Dai Iioc Thai Npyen

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