Giáo dục hoà nhập cho trẻ em bị ảnh hưởng bởi HIV/AIDS

U I.UAM •lAo auc • oyr H» C

GIAO DUC HOA NHAP CHO TRE EM

61 iNH HudNG Qcn wv/moi

O PGS. TS. NGUYEN VA N C U - ThS. PHA M VA N TIT

Qu>4n du9C di hqc, duqc lllp cQn vdi gido

dvc cOa tri em ndl chung vd cOo tri b| dnh

hudng bdl HIV/AIDS ndl rISng du?c nhd

nude to dOc bl^l quon Idm. K l hoqch hdnh d$ng

quic gla v l Irl dnh hudng bdl HIV/AIDS din

2010 yd Idm nhIn 2020 cOo B$ Loo d$ng • Thuong

binh vd Xa h$l dd nhCfn mqnh Idl quyen duqc dl

hqc cOo nhdm Ir* ndy (1). Tuy nhlin, irln iht/c ll .

IT* bj dnh hudng bdi HIV/AIDS lh«l khd cd ihl

duqc iheo hqc cdc Idp hqc cOng vdl H khdng bj

nhllm HIV. Phy huynh hqc sinh |HS) khdng chdp

nh$n vl$c cho con cdl hq hqc cCing vdl nhOng irl

em ndy mj^c du bill Idm nhu v ^ Id vi phqm phdp

luql (2). Hq sdn sdng cho con ihdl hqc nlu trong

kSp cdn cd irl bj dnh hudng bdl HIV/AIDS. Dd Id

mdt Irong nhOng hdnh d^ng gdy si>c I p Idn dl i

vdi ngdnh gido di/c irong vi§c phil hqp nh&m

ddm bdo vl ^ gido dvc hod nhqp (GDHN) cho

h-l b| dnh hudng bdi HIV.

1 . Thi/c Irqng GDH N cho Irl bj dnh hirdng

bdi HIV/AIDS

Chung 161 da dllu tro 400 II I (100 M/tinhl bj

dnh hudng bdi HIV/AIDS iql 4 Knh (Hd Nai,

Qudng Ninh, Thdi Binh vd Thdi Nguyin), Irong

dd cd 200 Irl nhllm HIV vd 200 irl cd nguy co

coo, bj dnh hudng bdlHIVcung200 cdn b*, gido

vlln (GV), nhdn vlin xB h^i Iql 4 Hnh ndl Irln.

Quo khdo sdl, 93% Iri nhllm HIV ndl ring

cdc em cd duqc dl hqc vd 7% ndl khdng duqc dl

hqc. Trong 93% Irl duqc dl hqc, nhdm iu^i nhd

Irl, m5u gido chlim 3,2%, b^c lliu hqc chlim

d3,5% (Idp 1:11,3%, kip 2:4,8%, kSp 3:17,2%,

kip 4:19,4%, kip 5: 10, 8%), b^c THCS chlim

33,4% (Idp d: ld,7%, kSp 7:10,2%, k>p 8: 2,7%

vd Idp 9: 3,8%). 6 d6y, 111$ 93% Iri nhiSm HIV

duqc dl hqc boo gi m cd hqc d trudng vd cdc

trung Idm bdo trq, hqc d nhd. Nhu ihl, sS cd mjt

bd phqn tri nhllm HIV khdng duqc din trudng

md dang phdi hoc d nhd hodc d cdc trung tarn

nudl dudng hoy bdo h-q.

Ddnh gld v l mOc dd duqc dl hqc cOa nhdm

trd cd HIV, nhdn th^ , cdc em chO ylu dang hqc

d bdc mfiu gido, hlu hqc vd THCS (theo ddnh

gld cOo nhOng cdn bd ^ a phuong, GV vd ngudi

chdm sdc...). Nhdm t ^ nhd khdng duqc dl hqc d

nhd h^ vd mfiu gido rdt coo (74,2% vd 47%), cd

thi vl cdc em cdn rdt nhd, dang d cOng cha m?,

ngudi thdn vd d cdc trung tdm nudl dudng ndn

chua cd nhu edu din trudng di hqc. Trd nhiSm

HIV vOa hqc vOa phdi c^n g ehql vdl bdnh tdt,

thdm chf bj h> vong khi dong theo hqc, do dd,

cdc em khdng cd co hdi duqc theo hqc d cdc

cdp, bdc hqc cao hon bqc tllu hqc vd THCS.

NhOng trd nhllm HIV dang duqc dl hqc thi Iql

gdp tinh h-qng bj ddl xO phdn bl$t hodc phdi

gldu Hnh trqng bdnh cuo minh d l cd oo hdl duqc

hqc tdp- Khi duqc hdi «TI 1$ h^d em nhilm HIV

duqe din trudng d mOc dd nhu thi ndo?", 55,d%

V kiln eOo cdn bd dfa phuong, GV, nhdn ^dn xS

hdl vd ngudi chdm sdc trd h;il cdc trur>g tdm cho

rdng h^ nhilm HIV duqc hqc tdp binh thudng

nhu nhOng h'd khdc, 15,9% cho rdng trd nhllm H

duqc din trudng chlim mdt K 1$ nhd so vdl nhu

cdu thyc. Nhu vdy, ngudi Idn nhdn thdy nhu d u

hqc tdp cOa trd cd HIV, nhung nhu cdu dd Iqi

khdng duqc ddp Ong.

Ddng luu ^ Id cd rd't nhilu h-d nhilm HIV duqc

din hudng vl hudng hqc hodc cdc phy huynh

cOo trd khde khdng bllt tinh hqng bdnh cOa cdc

em. Vide gldu dilm nhu Id mdt sy ddl phd «hqp

If" vdi trudng hqc vd cdc bdc phy huynh song k?l

tllm dn rdt nhllu nguy cer cdc em khdng duqc

thdy ed bllt d l quon tdm, chdm sdc, h> dd bdnh

Hnh ngdy cdng ndng hem; khd ndng Idy nhilm

song HS khdcTd rdt cao nlu khdng ed cdc blln

phdp dy phdng dOng cdch.

'TnSnilfikQcsirpMMHAN^i

Tap chi filao due s6 284 cfa a - 4/aon)