Giải pháp chính sách phát triển vùng lúa chuyên canh để đảm bảo mục tiêu an ninh lương thực quốc gia

NGHIEN CLTU - TRAO OOI

GUI PHAP CHl i SACH PHAI miEN VUNG lUA CHUIEH CANH

OEWMSWiCiANlHllJONGlCQUOCGIA

PGS-TS. IRAN Dl C MKN - Hieu trucrng

TS. PHAM BAO DL ONG - Giang vien

Trifdng Dai hoe .\ong nghiep Hd .\oi

An ninh Iu'dng thi/c (ANLT) ddng vai tro dac biet quan trong trong

qua trinh phat trien. on dinh va thjnh vu'dng cua moi quoc gia. Tru'dc boi

canh mdi khi chimg ta da va dang hoi nhap ngay cang sau rong vao nen

kinh te the gidi. ap li/c dan so ngay cang gia tang, mot phan Iu'dng thi/c

du'dc chuyen sang lam nhien lieu sinh hoc, ben canh do, dat liia da va

dang chuyen dan sang cac cho cac muc dich phi nong nghiep cong vdi

dong lu'c cua ngu'di trong liia giam do thu nhap tu' liia thap da va dang

thach thifc ANLT quoc gia. Do vay, can thiet co he thong chinh sach

dong bo de hinh thanh cac vung lua chuyen canh de dam bao muc tieu

giufvufng va on dinh ANLT quoc gia trong thdi gian tdi.

San xuat va can ddi cung cau

Iddng thuc d Viet Nam

.San lugng luong thuc cd hat nflm

2009 dat tren 44 Irieu tan. tiing

khoang 700 nghin tim so \d'i nam

2008. la mirc cao nhdi tir trudc den

iia\'. Luong thuc binh quim nhdn

khdu dill khoang 513 kg/ngudi. tflng

11 kg so \di nflm 2008 (502kg). dii

dan sd tflng hon 1 trieu ngudi. Do

dd ANLT qudc gia dugc bao dam dn

dinh trong mgi linh budng. Lirong

gao xual khdu ca nflm diit hon 6

Irieu tdn. tiing 33% so \di nflm

2008. Tliieu ddi gidp hiit giam 31%

ve sd hd. giiim 27.6% ve so khdu so

\'di nam 2008. dii thien tai. bao lii

giiy thiet hiii lumg ne hon.

DBSCL chiem 52-55% san

lugng \a chiein hon 90% san

lugng liui giio xudi khdu cua ca

nudc. Cdc vimg nhu Ddng Bac.

Biic Trung Bd. Ddng Nam Bd \e

CO ban mirc cung \ I luong thuc du

lieu diim: lai chd. \ iet Nam hien

da dill duoc .ANLT tren phiim \ i

qudc gia. Tuy nhien de dam bao

dugc .ANLT a cdp hd gia dinh tren

pham \'i cd nudc xiin dang cdn la

mdl \iin dl ldn. diic biet d miln

mii phfa Bdc va Tfly Nguyen. Do

dd. gidi quylt van dl ANLT - thuc

phdm phdi tiep ciin iheo lung ximg.

Du kien Idng san lugng liia ca

iinoc nam 2010 dat 36.5 trieu tan.

sau khi can ddi nhu cdu lieu diing.

du trir luong thuc trong nude

khoang 22.7 trieu tdn. van du khd

nflng xuiit khdu 3.5 trieu tan giio.

Hien gid g;io \'iet Nam dang lien

sdt giio Tlidi Lan. chirng id sir canh

tranh tren thi trudng cua gao Viet

Nam dang gia tang.

Cdc con so thdng ke cho thiiy linh

hinh Ciin ddi thdc giio ciia Viet Nam

ngiiN ciing cd xu hudng giam. KhOng

nen coi xudi khdu giio la giai phdp

kiu dai. Mirc xiuii khdu g;io \ao luim

2015 se ihiip hon 3.3 irieu kin. Hien

nay. d lain qudc gia. nudc la dd cd

dugc ANLT, nlumg chua dam b;io

chflc chan an ninh thuc phiim \'a dinh

dudng hd gia dinh. Nguy co mdl

.ANLT \'a dinh dudng ho gia dinh

cimg Ciio trong bdi ciinh tha\ ddi khi

hau. phat triln nflng lugng sinh hix-

\'a khima hoaiii: tdi chfnh loan cdu

•t 'm^ie^un "^ .'-W-' ---

36 2/2011

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