Gánh nặng tăng huyết áp và phòng bệnh

Ganh n^ng

tang hiQ^et ap

& phong b^nh >» THU HUCJNG

Tang huyet ap la benh ly phd bien nhat, dang trd

thanh van de du'dc nhieu ngUdi quan tam vi sU gia

tang nhanh chdng cua can benh nay trong cong dong.

Benh c6 the gay nhieu bien chtfng khac nhau, lam

cho ngiTdi benh trd nen tan phe, tham chi ttf vong...

Benh huye't dp gia tang

Theo Udc tinh cua To chflc Y

te' The gidi (WHO) da cd khoang

1,5 ty ngudi tren the' gidi bi tang

huye't dp va 9,4 tridu ngfldi tfl vong

moi ndm do nguyen nhan trflc tie'p

Id tang huye't dp. 'WHO cung eho

bid't, efl 3 ngudi trudng thanh (tfl

25 tudi trd len) thi co 1 ngUdi bi

tang huye't dp; cfl 3 ngfldi hi tang

huye't ap thi cd mot ngfldi khdng

bid't tinh trang bdnh eua minh vd

cfl 3 ngfldi dfldc dieu tri tang huye't

dp thi mdt ngudi khdng dat huye't

ap muc tidu.

O nfldc ta, vao nhifng nam 1960,

tang huyd't dp mdi chid'm khoang

1% ddn so', nhflng de'n nam 1992

ty le nay tang len tdi 11,79% va

nam 2002 a mien Bdc la 16,3%.

Con dieu tra gin day cua Vien Tim

maeh Vidt Nam tai 8 tinh, thanh

phd' cua ca nfldc eho thay, ty le

tang huyet dp cua nhflng ngudi tfl

25 tudi trd len la 25,1%, trong do

cd 52% khong bie't minh bi tang

huye't dp, 30% sd ngfldi bie't minh

bi tang huye't ap nhflng khong dieu

tri, 64% sd'ngudi bid't bi tdng huyd't

dp, da dfldc dieu tri nhflng khdng

dat huye't dp muc tieu (khdng kiem

sodt dflpc huyd't dp), Hiep hdi tang

huyet dp qud'c te cho biet, tin suat

cao eua tdng huyet dp trong cpng

dong hidn tai la do hai hien tfldng:

tudi thp trong cdng ddng tang va

tan sud't beo phi tang. Trong nhieu

cgng ddng, tinh trang an nhieu

mudi vin cdn phd bie'n va la yeu to

nguy cd chinh. Sfl thay doi chd' dd

an udng va Id'i sd'ng da anh hudng

de'n ty Id mdc xd vfla ddng mach,

benh tat va tang huye't dp.

Hiu hd't nhflng bdnh nhdn tang

huyet ap deu cd kem cac ye'u to'nguy

cd khde nhfl rd'i loan lipid mau, bit

dung nap glucose hoac dai thao

dfldng, tien sfl gia dinh hi bie'n ed'

tim mach sdm, beo phi va hut thudc

la. Da so cac bdnh nhan hi tang

huye't dp lai thudng khdng cd cdc

diu hieu canh bdo trudc. Chi ed mpt

so' it eae benh nhan tang huyd't dp

Id cd mgt vdi trieu chflng cd ndng

de ho di khdm benh nhfl dau dau,

chdng mat, mat do bifng, u tai...

H^ luy...

GS.TS, Pham Gia Khai, Chu

tich Hgi Tim mach hoc Viet Nam

cho bie't, cac bie'n chflng ciJa tang

huye't ap thfldng gap nhd't la bid'n

^ ^

Hay thddng xuyen kiem tra huydt kp

Han che an mudi giup phdng tkng

huydt ap

chfllig ve tim (cdn dau thit ngifc,

nhdi mau cd tim, suy tim), vl

ndo (xud't huyd't nao, nhun ndo),

ve than (dai ra protein, phu, suy

thdn), ve mdt (md mat, xud't huyet,

xuat tid't vd phu gai thi) vd biln

chflng ve mach mdu (phinh hoae

phinh tach thdnh ddng mach, cdc

bdnh maeh ngoai vi...).

Mot bdo cdo ddng ehu y gan

day nha't cua Hiep hdi tdng huylt

dp qud'e td' nam 2014 cho thd'y,

vdi huye't dp trdn mflc 115/75 thi

cfl mdi 20mmHg huyd't dp tdm

thu hoae lOmmHg huye't dp tam

trUdng tang ldn se Iam tdng gap

ddi sd' bie'n co chinh vl tim mach

va dot quy. Cdn WHO cdnh bdo,

tdng huye't dp Id ye'u td' nguy cd

hang dau cho ty Id tfl vong, tid'p

theo la hut thud'c la va glucose

trong mau cao.

Phdng bie'n chiing

PGS.TS, Pham Manh Hung,

Hgi Tim mach hoc Viet Nam cho

bie't, de phdng chd'ng benh tdng

huyd't ap, ngUdi dan khdng ndn

an nhieu eha't beo bao hda, khdng

hut thud'c Id, thud'c ldo vd han

che ud'ng rupu bia, khdng dn mdn

(giam mud'i trong khau phan dn)

vd giam can nang (ne'u thfla cdn).

Mgi ngfldi ndn tap the due deu ddn

mdi ngay, tranh cang th^ng, lo du.

Mdi ngudi can tfl tao cho minh cude

sd'ng thanh than, vui ve. Dilu quan

trpng la, mgi ngifdi nen kilm tra

thfldng xuyen sd' do huyl't dp cua

minh, kiem tra dinh ky cdc ye'u td

nguy ed khdc (rdi loan dfldng mdu,

lipid mdu...) de kiem sodt kip thdi

cde ye'u to nguy cfl dd. ^

THUOC & SLfC KHORs^sn^ i\ 7 9ni4)