Federal Criminal Law

. n

2010 Statutory Supplement for

Federal Criminal Law

DAVID ALAN JORDAN

This Document is in the Public Domain.

No Rights Reserved.

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2010 Statutory Supplement for

Federal Criminal Law

(June 2010)

By

David Alan Jordan

Visiting Assistant Professor of Law

Washington and Lee University

IntelligenceLaw.com Creative Commons Supplement Series

United States of America, 2010

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To the NAACP Legal

Defense and

Education Fund

[http://naacpldf.org]

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Preface

This supplement contains constitutional provisions and codified statutes relevant

to federal criminal law in the United States.

CAVEAT: The code sections contained in this supplement were current as of

June 2010 but may have changed by the time you study them. This supplement is

intended to be used only as a learning aid and not for actual legal practice. Be

sure to verify the text of these statutes and obtain a copy of the most recent

version before using them for any practical purpose.

DAVID ALAN JORDAN

June, 2010

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Title-Level Table of Contents

Preface ____________________________________________4

Title-Level Table of Contents_____________________________ 5

Chapter-Level Table of Contents __________________________6

Full Table of Contents_________________________________ 10

I. THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA __ 33

A. AMENDMENTS ___________________________________ 34

II. U.S. CODE TITLE 18: CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE __ 37

Part I: Crimes ______________________________________ 38

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Chapter-Level Table of Contents

Preface ____________________________________________4

Title-Level Table of Contents_____________________________ 5

Chapter-Level Table of Contents __________________________6

Full Table of Contents_________________________________ 10

I. THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA __ 33

A. AMENDMENTS ___________________________________ 34

The First Amendment____________________________________35

The Fourth Amendment __________________________________35

The Fifth Amendment ___________________________________35

The Sixth Amendment ___________________________________35

The Eighth Amendment __________________________________35

The Fourteenth Amendment _______________________________36

II. U.S. CODE TITLE 18: CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE __ 37

Part I: Crimes ______________________________________ 38

CHAPTER 1: GENERAL PROVISIONS ________________________ 41

CHAPTER 2: AIRCRAFT AND MOTOR VEHICLES________________50

CHAPTER 3: ANIMALS, BIRDS, FISH, AND PLANTS______________59

CHAPTER 5: ARSON ____________________________________66

CHAPTER 7: ASSAULT ___________________________________67

CHAPTER 9: BANKRUPTCY _______________________________ 75

CHAPTER 10: BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS _______________________79

CHAPTER 11: BRIBERY, GRAFT, AND CONFLICTS OF INTEREST ____85

CHAPTER 11A: CHILD SUPPORT___________________________ 118

CHAPTER 11B: CHEMICAL WEAPONS_______________________ 120

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CHAPTER 12: CIVIL DISORDERS __________________________ 126

CHAPTER 13: CIVIL RIGHTS _____________________________ 128

CHAPTER 15: CLAIMS AND SERVICES IN MATTERS AFFECTING

GOVERNMENT _______________________________________ 139

CHAPTER 17: COINS AND CURRENCY_______________________ 143

CHAPTER 17A: COMMON CARRIER OPERATION UNDER THE

INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL OR DRUGS ______________________ 146

CHAPTER 18: CONGRESSIONAL, CABINET, AND SUPREME COURT

ASSASSINATION, KIDNAPPING, AND ASSAULT _______________ 147

CHAPTER 19: CONSPIRACY ______________________________ 149

CHAPTER 21: CONTEMPTS_______________________________ 151

CHAPTER 23: CONTRACTS_______________________________ 153

CHAPTER 25: COUNTERFEITING AND FORGERY ______________ 157

CHAPTER 26: CRIMINAL STREET GANGS ____________________ 182

CHAPTER 27: CUSTOMS ________________________________ 184

CHAPTER 29: ELECTIONS AND POLITICAL ACTIVITIES _________ 191

CHAPTER 31: EMBEZZLEMENT AND THEFT __________________ 201

CHAPTER 33: EMBLEMS, INSIGNIA, AND NAMES______________ 217

CHAPTER 35: ESCAPE AND RESCUE________________________ 231

CHAPTER 37: ESPIONAGE AND CENSORSHIP_________________234

CHAPTER 39: EXPLOSIVES AND OTHER DANGEROUS ARTICLES __242

CHAPTER 40: IMPORTATION, MANUFACTURE, DISTRIBUTION AND

STORAGE OF EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS ______________________248

CHAPTER 41: EXTORTION AND THREATS ___________________ 265

CHAPTER 42: EXTORTIONATE CREDIT TRANSACTIONS _________ 271

CHAPTER 43: FALSE PERSONATION _______________________ 275

CHAPTER 44: FIREARMS________________________________ 277

CHAPTER 45: FOREIGN RELATIONS _______________________326

CHAPTER 46: FORFEITURE ______________________________336

CHAPTER 47: FRAUD AND FALSE STATEMENTS_______________ 361

CHAPTER 49: FUGITIVES FROM JUSTICE ___________________402

CHAPTER 50: GAMBLING _______________________________404

CHAPTER 50A: GENOCIDE_______________________________408

CHAPTER 51: HOMICIDE ________________________________ 410

CHAPTER 53: INDIANS _________________________________ 417

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CHAPTER 55: KIDNAPPING ______________________________429

CHAPTER 57: LABOR___________________________________433

CHAPTER 59: LIQUOR TRAFFIC ___________________________434

CHAPTER 61: LOTTERIES _______________________________436

CHAPTER 63: MAIL FRAUD AND OTHER FRAUD OFFENSES ______440

CHAPTER 65: MALICIOUS MISCHIEF _______________________446

CHAPTER 67: MILITARY AND NAVY________________________ 452

CHAPTER 69: NATIONALITY AND CITIZENSHIP_______________458

CHAPTER 71: OBSCENITY _______________________________463

CHAPTER 73: OBSTRUCTION OF JUSTICE ___________________ 471

CHAPTER 74: PARTIALBIRTH ABORTIONS___________________489

CHAPTER 75: PASSPORTS AND VISAS ______________________ 491

CHAPTER 77: PEONAGE, SLAVERY, AND TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS496

CHAPTER 79: PERJURY _________________________________506

CHAPTER 81: PIRACY AND PRIVATEERING __________________508

CHAPTER 83: POSTAL SERVICE___________________________ 512

CHAPTER 84: PRESIDENTIAL AND PRESIDENTIAL STAFF

ASSASSINATION, KIDNAPPING, AND ASSAULT _______________538

CHAPTER 85: PRISONMADE GOODS _______________________ 541

CHAPTER 87: PRISONS _________________________________ 543

CHAPTER 88: PRIVACY _________________________________ 545

CHAPTER 89: PROFESSIONS AND OCCUPATIONS______________546

CHAPTER 90: PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS ______________ 547

CHAPTER 90A: PROTECTION OF UNBORN CHILDREN __________ 551

CHAPTER 91: PUBLIC LANDS_____________________________ 553

CHAPTER 93: PUBLIC OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES ____________560

CHAPTER 95: RACKETEERING____________________________569

CHAPTER 96: RACKETEER INFLUENCED AND CORRUPT

ORGANIZATIONS _____________________________________ 585

CHAPTER 97: RAILROAD CARRIERS AND MASS TRANSPORTATION

SYSTEMS ON LAND, ON WATER, OR THROUGH THE AIR _______ 600

CHAPTER 101: RECORDS AND REPORTS ____________________604

CHAPTER 102: RIOTS __________________________________606

CHAPTER 103: ROBBERY AND BURGLARY ___________________608

CHAPTER 105: SABOTAGE _______________________________ 614

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CHAPTER 107: SEAMEN AND STOWAWAYS __________________ 619

CHAPTER 109: SEARCHES AND SEIZURES ___________________623

CHAPTER 109A: SEXUAL ABUSE __________________________ 627

CHAPTER 109B: SEX OFFENDER AND CRIMES AGAINST CHILDREN

REGISTRY __________________________________________634

CHAPTER 110: SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND OTHER ABUSE OF

CHILDREN __________________________________________ 635

CHAPTER 110A: DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND STALKING _________666

CHAPTER 111: SHIPPING ________________________________ 674

CHAPTER 111A: DESTRUCTION OF, OR INTERFERENCE WITH, VESSELS

OR MARITIME FACILITIES ______________________________686

CHAPTER 113: STOLEN PROPERTY_________________________690

CHAPTER 113A: TELEMARKETING FRAUD ___________________708

CHAPTER 113B: TERRORISM _____________________________ 710

CHAPTER 113C: TORTURE _______________________________ 737

CHAPTER 114: TRAFFICKING IN CONTRABAND CIGARETTES AND

SMOKELESS TOBACCO _________________________________ 739

CHAPTER 115: TREASON, SEDITION, AND SUBVERSIVE ACTIVITIES 745

CHAPTER 117: TRANSPORTATION FOR ILLEGAL SEXUAL ACTIVITY

AND RELATED CRIMES _________________________________ 752

CHAPTER 118: WAR CRIMES _____________________________ 757

CHAPTER 119: WIRE AND ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS

INTERCEPTION AND INTERCEPTION OF ORAL COMMUNICATIONS 761

CHAPTER 121: STORED WIRE AND ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS

AND TRANSACTIONAL RECORDS ACCESS ___________________ 789

CHAPTER 123: PROHIBITION ON RELEASE AND USE OF CERTAIN

PERSONAL INFORMATION FROM STATE MOTOR VEHICLE RECORDS

__________________________________________________807

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Full Table of Contents

Preface ____________________________________________4

Title-Level Table of Contents_____________________________ 5

Chapter-Level Table of Contents __________________________6

Full Table of Contents_________________________________ 10

I. THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA __ 33

A. AMENDMENTS ___________________________________ 34

The First Amendment____________________________________35

The Fourth Amendment __________________________________35

The Fifth Amendment ___________________________________35

The Sixth Amendment ___________________________________35

The Eighth Amendment __________________________________35

The Fourteenth Amendment _______________________________36

Section 1 _______________________________________________________36

Section 5 _______________________________________________________36

II. U.S. CODE TITLE 18: CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE __ 37

Part I: Crimes ______________________________________ 38

CHAPTER 1: GENERAL PROVISIONS ________________________ 41

18 U.S.C. § 2: Principals _____________________________________________ 41

18 U.S.C. § 3: Accessory after the fact ____________________________________ 41

18 U.S.C. § 4: Misprision of felony ______________________________________ 41

18 U.S.C. § 5: United States defined _____________________________________42

18 U.S.C. § 6: Department and agency defined ______________________________42

18 U.S.C. § 7: Special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States defined __42

18 U.S.C. § 8: Obligation or other security of the United States defined _____________43

18 U.S.C. § 9: Vessel of the United States defined ____________________________44

18 U.S.C. § 10: Interstate commerce and foreign commerce defined _______________44

18 U.S.C. § 11: Foreign government defined ________________________________44

18 U.S.C. § 12: United States Postal Service defined __________________________44

18 U.S.C. § 13: Laws of States adopted for areas within Federal jurisdiction __________ 45

18 U.S.C. § 15: Obligation or other security of foreign government defined ___________46

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18 U.S.C. § 16: Crime of violence defined__________________________________46

18 U.S.C. § 17: Insanity defense ________________________________________46

18 U.S.C. § 18: Organization defined_____________________________________46

18 U.S.C. § 19: Petty offense defined_____________________________________46

18 U.S.C. § 20: Financial institution defined _______________________________ 47

18 U.S.C. § 21: Stolen or counterfeit nature of property for certain crimes defined______ 47

18 U.S.C. § 23: Court of the United States defined ___________________________48

18 U.S.C. § 24: Definitions relating to Federal health care offense _________________48

18 U.S.C. § 25: Use of minors in crimes of violence ___________________________49

18 U.S.C. § 26: Definition of seaport_____________________________________49

18 U.S.C. § 27: Mortgage lending business defined ___________________________49

CHAPTER 2: AIRCRAFT AND MOTOR VEHICLES________________50

18 U.S.C. § 31: Definitions____________________________________________50

18 U.S.C. § 32: Destruction of aircraft or aircraft facilities ______________________ 51

18 U.S.C. § 33: Destruction of motor vehicles or motor vehicle facilities_____________ 52

18 U.S.C. § 34: Penalty when death results ________________________________ 53

18 U.S.C. § 35: Imparting or conveying false information_______________________ 53

18 U.S.C. § 36: Drive-by shooting_______________________________________ 54

18 U.S.C. § 37: Violence at international airports ____________________________ 55

18 U.S.C. § 38: Fraud involving aircraft or space vehicle parts in interstate or foreign

commerce ______________________________________________________ 55

18 U.S.C. § 39: Traffic signal preemption transmitters ________________________58

18 U.S.C. § 40: Commercial motor vehicles required to stop for inspections __________58

CHAPTER 3: ANIMALS, BIRDS, FISH, AND PLANTS______________59

18 U.S.C. § 41: Hunting, fishing, trapping; disturbance or injury on wildlife refuges ____ 59

18 U.S.C. § 42: Importation or shipment of injurious mammals, birds, fish (including

mollusks and crustacea), amphibia, and reptiles; permits, specimens for museums;

regulations ______________________________________________________ 59

18 U.S.C. § 43: Force, violence, and threats involving animal enterprises ____________ 61

18 U.S.C. § 46: Transportation of water hyacinths ___________________________63

18 U.S.C. § 47: Use of aircraft or motor vehicles to hunt certain wild horses or burros;

pollution of watering holes ___________________________________________63

18 U.S.C. § 48: Depiction of animal cruelty ________________________________64

18 U.S.C. § 49: Enforcement of animal fighting prohibitions ____________________64

CHAPTER 5: ARSON ____________________________________66

18 U.S.C. § 81: Arson within special maritime and territorial jurisdiction ____________66

CHAPTER 7: ASSAULT ___________________________________67

18 U.S.C. § 111: Assaulting, resisting, or impeding certain officers or employees _______ 67

18 U.S.C. § 112: Protection of foreign officials, official guests, and internationally protected

persons ________________________________________________________ 67

18 U.S.C. § 113: Assaults within maritime and territorial jurisdiction_______________69

18 U.S.C. § 114: Maiming within maritime and territorial jurisdiction ______________69

18 U.S.C. § 115: Influencing, impeding, or retaliating against a Federal official by threatening

or injuring a family member __________________________________________70

18 U.S.C. § 116: Female genital mutilation_________________________________ 71

18 U.S.C. § 117: Domestic assault by an habitual offender ______________________ 72

18 U.S.C. § 118: Interference with certain protective functions ___________________ 72

18 U.S.C. § 119: Protection of individuals performing certain official duties __________ 73

CHAPTER 9: BANKRUPTCY _______________________________ 75

18 U.S.C. § 151: Definition____________________________________________ 75

18 U.S.C. § 152: Concealment of assets; false oaths and claims; bribery _____________ 75

18 U.S.C. § 153: Embezzlement against estate ______________________________ 76

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18 U.S.C. § 154: Adverse interest and conduct of officers _______________________ 76

18 U.S.C. § 155: Fee agreements in cases under title 11 and receiverships ____________ 77

18 U.S.C. § 156: Knowing disregard of bankruptcy law or rule ___________________ 77

18 U.S.C. § 157: Bankruptcy fraud ______________________________________ 77

18 U.S.C. § 158: Designation of United States attorneys and agents of the Federal Bureau of

Investigation to address abusive reaffirmations of debt and materially fraudulent statements

in bankruptcy schedules _____________________________________________ 78

CHAPTER 10: BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS _______________________79

18 U.S.C. § 175: Prohibitions with respect to biological weapons __________________ 79

18 U.S.C. § 175a: Requests for military assistance to enforce prohibition in certain

emergencies _____________________________________________________ 79

18 U.S.C. § 175b: Select agents; certain other agents __________________________80

18 U.S.C. § 175c: Variola virus _________________________________________ 81

18 U.S.C. § 176: Seizure, forfeiture, and destruction __________________________82

18 U.S.C. § 177: Injunctions___________________________________________83

18 U.S.C. § 178: Definitions___________________________________________84

CHAPTER 11: BRIBERY, GRAFT, AND CONFLICTS OF INTEREST ____85

18 U.S.C. § 201: Bribery of public officials and witnesses _______________________85

18 U.S.C. § 202: Definitions __________________________________________ 87

18 U.S.C. § 203: Compensation to Members of Congress, officers, and others in matters

affecting the Government ____________________________________________89

18 U.S.C. § 204: Practice in United States Claims Court [United States Court of Federal

Claims] or the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by Members of

Congress _______________________________________________________90

18 U.S.C. § 205: Activities of officers and employees in claims against and other matters

affecting the Government ____________________________________________ 91

18 U.S.C. § 206: Exemption of retired officers of the uniformed services ____________93

18 U.S.C. § 207: Restrictions on former officers, employees, and elected officials of the

executive and legislative branches ______________________________________93

18 U.S.C. § 208: Acts affecting a personal financial interest ____________________ 106

18 U.S.C. § 209: Salary of Government officials and employees payable only by United States

_____________________________________________________________ 108

18 U.S.C. § 210: Offer to procure appointive public office______________________ 109

18 U.S.C. § 211: Acceptance or solicitation to obtain appointive public office_________ 109

18 U.S.C. § 212: Offer of loan or gratuity to financial institution examiner __________ 110

18 U.S.C. § 213: Acceptance of loan or gratuity by financial institution examiner______ 111

18 U.S.C. § 214: Offer for procurement of Federal Reserve bank loan and discount of

commercial paper ________________________________________________ 111

18 U.S.C. § 215: Receipt of commissions or gifts for procuring loans ______________ 112

18 U.S.C. § 216: Penalties and injunctions ________________________________ 112

18 U.S.C. § 217: Acceptance of consideration for adjustment of farm indebtedness ____ 113

18 U.S.C. § 218: Voiding transactions in violation of chapter; recovery by the United States

_____________________________________________________________ 113

18 U.S.C. § 219: Officers and employees acting as agents of foreign principals________ 114

18 U.S.C. § 224: Bribery in sporting contests ______________________________ 114

18 U.S.C. § 225: Continuing financial crimes enterprise_______________________ 115

18 U.S.C. § 226: Bribery affecting port security ____________________________ 116

18 U.S.C. § 227: Wrongfully influencing a private entity's employment decisions by a

Member of Congress ______________________________________________ 116

CHAPTER 11A: CHILD SUPPORT___________________________ 118

18 U.S.C. § 228: Failure to pay legal child support obligations __________________ 118

CHAPTER 11B: CHEMICAL WEAPONS_______________________ 120

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18 U.S.C. § 229: Prohibited activities ___________________________________ 120

18 U.S.C. § 229A: Penalties __________________________________________ 120

18 U.S.C. § 229B: Criminal forfeitures; destruction of weapons _________________ 121

18 U.S.C. § 229C: Individual self-defense devices ___________________________ 123

18 U.S.C. § 229D: Injunctions ________________________________________ 123

18 U.S.C. § 229E: Requests for military assistance to enforce prohibition in certain

emergencies ____________________________________________________ 123

18 U.S.C. § 229F: Definitions ________________________________________ 123

CHAPTER 12: CIVIL DISORDERS __________________________ 126

18 U.S.C. § 231: Civil disorders _______________________________________ 126

18 U.S.C. § 232: Definitions _________________________________________ 126

18 U.S.C. § 233: Preemption _________________________________________ 127

CHAPTER 13: CIVIL RIGHTS _____________________________ 128

18 U.S.C. § 241: Conspiracy against rights ________________________________ 128

18 U.S.C. § 242: Deprivation of rights under color of law ______________________ 128

18 U.S.C. § 243: Exclusion of jurors on account of race or color _________________ 129

18 U.S.C. § 244: Discrimination against person wearing uniform of armed forces _____ 129

18 U.S.C. § 245: Federally protected activities _____________________________ 129

18 U.S.C. § 246: Deprivation of relief benefits _____________________________ 132

18 U.S.C. § 247: Damage to religious property; obstruction of persons in the free exercise of

religious beliefs__________________________________________________ 132

18 U.S.C. § 248: Freedom of access to clinic entrances _______________________ 133

18 U.S.C. § 249: Hate crime acts ______________________________________ 136

CHAPTER 15: CLAIMS AND SERVICES IN MATTERS AFFECTING

GOVERNMENT _______________________________________ 139

18 U.S.C. § 285: Taking or using papers relating to claims _____________________ 139

18 U.S.C. § 286: Conspiracy to defraud the government with respect to claims _______ 139

18 U.S.C. § 287: False, fictitious or fraudulent claims ________________________ 140

18 U.S.C. § 288: False claims for postal losses _____________________________ 140

18 U.S.C. § 289: False claims for pensions________________________________ 140

18 U.S.C. § 290: Discharge papers withheld by claim agent ____________________ 141

18 U.S.C. § 291: Purchase of claims for fees by court officials ___________________ 141

18 U.S.C. § 292: Solicitation of employment and receipt of unapproved fees concerning

Federal employees' compensation _____________________________________ 141

CHAPTER 17: COINS AND CURRENCY_______________________ 143

18 U.S.C. § 331: Mutilation, diminution, and falsification of coins________________ 143

18 U.S.C. § 332: Debasement of coins; alteration of official scales, or embezzlement of metals

_____________________________________________________________ 143

18 U.S.C. § 333: Mutilation of national bank obligations ______________________ 144

18 U.S.C. § 334: Issuance of Federal Reserve or national bank notes ______________ 144

18 U.S.C. § 335: Circulation of obligations of expired corporations _______________ 144

18 U.S.C. § 336: Issuance of circulating obligations of less than $ 1 _______________ 145

18 U.S.C. § 337: Coins as security for loans _______________________________ 145

CHAPTER 17A: COMMON CARRIER OPERATION UNDER THE

INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL OR DRUGS ______________________ 146

18 U.S.C. § 341: Definitions__________________________________________ 146

18 U.S.C. § 342: Operation of a common carrier under the influence of alcohol or drugs 146

18 U.S.C. § 343: Presumptions________________________________________ 146

CHAPTER 18: CONGRESSIONAL, CABINET, AND SUPREME COURT

ASSASSINATION, KIDNAPPING, AND ASSAULT _______________ 147

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18 U.S.C. § 351: Congressional, Cabinet, and Supreme Court assassination, kidnapping, and

assault; penalties_________________________________________________ 147

CHAPTER 19: CONSPIRACY ______________________________ 149

18 U.S.C. § 371: Conspiracy to commit offense or to defraud United States__________ 149

18 U.S.C. § 372: Conspiracy to impede or injure officer _______________________ 149

18 U.S.C. § 373: Solicitation to commit a crime of violence_____________________ 149

CHAPTER 21: CONTEMPTS_______________________________ 151

18 U.S.C. § 401: Power of court _______________________________________ 151

18 U.S.C. § 402: Contempts constituting crimes ____________________________ 151

18 U.S.C. § 403: Protection of the privacy of child victims and child witnesses _______ 152

CHAPTER 23: CONTRACTS_______________________________ 153

18 U.S.C. § 431: Contracts by Member of Congress __________________________ 153

18 U.S.C. § 432: Officer or employee contracting with Member of Congress _________ 153

18 U.S.C. § 433: Exemptions with respect to certain contracts __________________ 153

18 U.S.C. § 435: Contracts in excess of specific appropriation___________________ 154

18 U.S.C. § 436: Convict labor contracts _________________________________ 154

18 U.S.C. § 440: Mail contracts _______________________________________ 154

18 U.S.C. § 441: Postal supply contracts _________________________________ 155

18 U.S.C. § 442: Printing contracts_____________________________________ 155

18 U.S.C. § 443: War contracts _______________________________________ 155

CHAPTER 25: COUNTERFEITING AND FORGERY ______________ 157

18 U.S.C. § 470: Counterfeit acts committed outside the United States ____________ 157

18 U.S.C. § 471: Obligations or securities of United States _____________________ 157

18 U.S.C. § 472: Uttering counterfeit obligations or securities __________________ 157

18 U.S.C. § 473: Dealing in counterfeit obligations or securities _________________ 157

18 U.S.C. § 474: Plates, stones, or analog, digital, or electronic images for counterfeiting

obligations or securities ____________________________________________ 158

18 U.S.C. § 474A: Deterrents to counterfeiting of obligations and securities _________ 159

18 U.S.C. § 475: Imitating obligations or securities; advertisements ______________ 160

18 U.S.C. § 476: Taking impressions of tools used for obligations or securities _______ 160

18 U.S.C. § 477: Possessing or selling impressions of tools used for obligations or securities

_____________________________________________________________ 160

18 U.S.C. § 478: Foreign obligations or securities ___________________________ 161

18 U.S.C. § 479: Uttering counterfeit foreign obligations or securities _____________ 161

18 U.S.C. § 480: Possessing counterfeit foreign obligations or securities ___________ 161

18 U.S.C. § 481: Plates, stones, or analog, digital, or electronic images for counterfeiting

foreign obligations or securities_______________________________________ 162

18 U.S.C. § 482: Foreign bank notes ____________________________________ 162

18 U.S.C. § 483: Uttering counterfeit foreign bank notes ______________________ 163

18 U.S.C. § 484: Connecting parts of different notes _________________________ 163

18 U.S.C. § 485: Coins or bars ________________________________________ 163

18 U.S.C. § 486: Uttering coins of gold, silver or other metal ___________________ 164

18 U.S.C. § 487: Making or possessing counterfeit dies for coins_________________ 164

18 U.S.C. § 488: Making or possessing counterfeit dies for foreign coins ___________ 164

18 U.S.C. § 489: Making or possessing likeness of coins ______________________ 165

18 U.S.C. § 490: Minor coins_________________________________________ 165

18 U.S.C. § 491: Tokens or paper used as money____________________________ 165

18 U.S.C. § 492: Forfeiture of counterfeit paraphernalia ______________________ 166

18 U.S.C. § 493: Bonds and obligations of certain lending agencies _______________ 167

18 U.S.C. § 494: Contractors' bonds, bids, and public records___________________ 168

18 U.S.C. § 495: Contracts, deeds, and powers of attorney _____________________ 168

18 U.S.C. § 496: Customs matters _____________________________________ 168

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18 U.S.C. § 497: Letters patent________________________________________ 169

18 U.S.C. § 498: Military or naval discharge certificates_______________________ 169

18 U.S.C. § 499: Military, naval, or official passes ___________________________ 169

18 U.S.C. § 500: Money orders _______________________________________ 169

18 U.S.C. § 501: Postage stamps, postage meter stamps, and postal cards___________ 171

18 U.S.C. § 502: Postage and revenue stamps of foreign governments _____________ 172

18 U.S.C. § 503: Postmarking stamps ___________________________________ 172

18 U.S.C. § 504: Printing and filming of United States and foreign obligations and securities

_____________________________________________________________ 172

18 U.S.C. § 505: Seals of courts; signatures of judges or court officers _____________ 173

18 U.S.C. § 506: Seals of departments or agencies __________________________ 173

18 U.S.C. § 507: Ship's papers ________________________________________ 175

18 U.S.C. § 508: Transportation requests of Government _____________________ 175

18 U.S.C. § 509: Possessing and making plates or stones for Government transportation

requests_______________________________________________________ 175

18 U.S.C. § 510: Forging endorsements on Treasury checks or bonds or securities of the

United States ___________________________________________________ 176

18 U.S.C. § 511: Altering or removing motor vehicle identification numbers _________ 177

18 U.S.C. § 511A: Unauthorized application of theft prevention decal or device _______ 178

18 U.S.C. § 512: Forfeiture of certain motor vehicles and motor vehicle parts ________ 178

18 U.S.C. § 513: Securities of the States and private entities ____________________ 179

18 U.S.C. § 514: Fictitious obligations ___________________________________ 180

CHAPTER 26: CRIMINAL STREET GANGS ____________________ 182

18 U.S.C. § 521: Criminal street gangs___________________________________ 182

CHAPTER 27: CUSTOMS ________________________________ 184

18 U.S.C. § 541: Entry of goods falsely classified ____________________________ 184

18 U.S.C. § 542: Entry of goods by means of false statements ___________________ 184

18 U.S.C. § 543: Entry of goods for less than legal duty _______________________ 185

18 U.S.C. § 544: Relanding of goods ____________________________________ 185

18 U.S.C. § 545: Smuggling goods into the United States ______________________ 185

18 U.S.C. § 546: Smuggling goods into foreign countries ______________________ 186

18 U.S.C. § 547: Depositing goods in buildings on boundaries __________________ 186

18 U.S.C. § 548: Removing or repacking goods in warehouses __________________ 187

18 U.S.C. § 549: Removing goods from customs custody; breaking seals ___________ 187

18 U.S.C. § 550: False claim for refund of duties____________________________ 187

18 U.S.C. § 551: Concealing or destroying invoices or other papers _______________ 188

18 U.S.C. § 552: Officers aiding importation of obscene or treasonous books and articles 188

18 U.S.C. § 553: Importation or exportation of stolen motor vehicles, off-highway mobile

equipment, vessels, or aircraft________________________________________ 189

18 U.S.C. § 554: Smuggling goods from the United States _____________________ 190

18 U.S.C. § 555: Border tunnels and passages _____________________________ 190

CHAPTER 29: ELECTIONS AND POLITICAL ACTIVITIES _________ 191

18 U.S.C. § 592: Troops at polls _______________________________________ 191

18 U.S.C. § 593: Interference by armed forces _____________________________ 191

18 U.S.C. § 594: Intimidation of voters __________________________________ 192

18 U.S.C. § 595: Interference by administrative employees of Federal, State, or Territorial

Governments ___________________________________________________ 192

18 U.S.C. § 596: Polling armed forces ___________________________________ 193

18 U.S.C. § 597: Expenditures to influence voting___________________________ 193

18 U.S.C. § 598: Coercion by means of relief appropriations____________________ 194

18 U.S.C. § 599: Promise of appointment by candidate _______________________ 194

18 U.S.C. § 600: Promise of employment or other benefit for political activity _______ 194

18 U.S.C. § 601: Deprivation of employment or other benefit for political contribution _ 194