Examine some quantifiers in thien nam ngữ lục

sl 2 (244)-2016 NG6N NGC & D6I S6NG 43

KHAO cutj MOT SO LirgwG Tir

TRONG THIEN NAM NGCLVC

EXAMINE SOME QUANTIFIERS IN THIEN NAM NGtT LUC

BUI DUY DlTOfNG

, (TS; D^i hgc KHXH & NV, DHQG Uk Ngi)

Abstract: This paper researches mto some quantifiers in Thien Nam ngit luc m the 17*

, century. Based on analyzing and pomting out semantic, grammatical features of words sueh

as nhieng cdc, mdi, cd, mdy, mpt (mdi), ti^g and some archaic Vietnamese quantifiers (sueh

' as thay thay, doi, pho), this paper contributes to the understanding the role of quantifiers in

noun phrases in historical Viemamese.

' Key words: quantifiers; archaic quantifiers; historical Vietnamese; Thiin Nam ngie luc.

1. Doi vfii nhih^ ngdn ngfi thugc logi

hlnh don ldp nhu tieng Vi$t, cdc thanh tl

phy tham gia cau tao nfin ede dodn ngfi

(danh ngu, dgng ngtt, tinh ngfi) cd vai trd hit

sfic quan trgng trong h$ thing ngtt phdp. Vi

v4y, trong nghien cfin lich sfi tfi vung vd ngtt

phdp tifing Viet, nghien cfiu cac thanh to nay

Id mOt hufifng nghien cuu khong thi thieu.

Trong bdi vilt nay, chung tdi budc diu tim

hilu cde lugng tu - mgt thanh to cd till tham

gia vdo phin phy trudc trong ciu true danh

ngtt, trong tdc phim Thien Nam ngie lyc

(TNNL). Ddy la mgt tac phim lyc bdt cd quy

md ldn nhit gom 8136 cau tho chtt Ndm,

eOng vdi 31 bai tho, egp tho chtt Hdn va hai

bdi tha Ndm khdc. Ngtt ligu nghifin curu d

day dya tren ban phien dm sang chtt quoc

ngtt gin ddy nhdt cfia Nguyen Th; Ldm [3].

Lugng tfi la nhiing tfi chi lugng xac dinh

ho^ khong xac djnh. S6 tfi Id nhfing lugng

tfi xdc dinh, vi dy: mpt, hai, ba, bdn, ndm,

sdu,... d day, chfing tdi khdng phdn tich so

tfi vi nhttng don v\ ndy nhu danh tfi rieng

thudng mang y nghia chi m0t dli tugng duy

nhit. Chung tdi tap trung tim hilu nhfhig

lugng tfi khong xdc dinh. Chfic nfing cfia

nhttng lugng tfi khdng xdc djnh ndy la lam

dinh ngtt trudc eho danh tfi don v\ ldm trung

tdm trong dodn ngtt danh tfi.

2. Trong TNNL, lugng tfi khdng xdc dinh

gom cdc tfi nhu: nhUng (103, sd ldn xudt

hi$n), cdc (6), mpi (32). cd (6), mdy (35),

mpt (mdi) (46), tieng (2), thay thdy (6), ddi

(17), phd (2). Trong dd, ed nhfing lugng tfi

hign nay khdng duge sfi dyng trong tilng

Vi^t, ggi Id lugng tu co rdiu thc^ thdy, ddi,

phd. Chfing ta phan tieh cy the nhihig luqmg

tfi trfin nhu sau.

(i) Nhihig (103 lin):

Ket hgp vdi danh tfi dl bilu thi ngMa s6

nhilu. Khi dfing trudc danh tfi, nhieng cd

nghia chi toan thi, khdng xde djnh tuong

duong vfii "todn/todn Id/ehi todn Id,...". Vi

dy: 496. Tdn cdng ddp rua nhung l&i kiing

khem; 522. Nhieng ngu&i do qudc chdng

ngudi cieu ddn: 1183. Bdn phuong ngdt

nhSne can qua; 1855. Nhitne quan Thie sie

Hdn triiu,...

Trong TNNL, chfing ta thdy khd nhieu

trudng hgp nhihtg dung trude dOng tfi, bilu

thj nghia *'ed bay nhifiu ma thdi", tuong

duong vdi chi/todn. Vi dy: 571. Ldm Thao

ddn nhitne Io thdm; 725. Hiing Vuang nhiene

chdng qudn tiin; 250. Nhieng mong cho l&n.