Diversity Of Timber Tree Species On The Campus Of Vietnam National University Of Forestry

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY

STUDENT THESIS

Title

DIVERSITY OF TIMBER TREE SPECIES IN CAMPUS OF

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY

Major: Advanced Curriculum in Natural Resources Management

Code: D850101

Faculty: Forest Resources & Environmental Management

Student: Tran Thi Phuong Thao Student ID: 1553090502

Class: K60 - Natural Resources Management Course: 2015 – 2019

Advanced Education Program

Developed in collaboration with Colorado State University, USA

Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hoang Van Sam

Ha Noi, 2019

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

First of all, I wish to acknowledge to Vietnam National University of

Forestry and the teachers for creating an opportunity to do the thesis. Special

thanks my supervisor Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hoang Van Sam for his advices and

supervision.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGMENT ………………………………………………………...i

TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................ii

INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………..……..1

CHAPTER I. OVERVIEW OF THESIS………………………………………...3

1.1. Research on biodiversity in the world.................................................... 3

1.2. Research on biodiversity in Vietnam ..................................................... 4

1.3. Research on biodiversity in Vietnam National University of Forestry ... 6

CHAPTER II GOAL, OBJECTIVES, CONTENTS AND METHODOLOGY...8

2.1. Goal……………………………………………………………………..8

2.2. Objectives……………………………………………………………….8

2.3. Contents - Scope ………………………………………………………..8

2.4. Methodology……………………………………………………………8

2.4.1. Secondary data base…………………………………………………..8

2.4.2. Detail Investigation............................................................................. 8

2.4.3. Non - field investigate ...................................................................... 11

CHAPTER III. RESEARCH AREA…………………………………………...13

3.1. Natural condition……………………………………………..………..13

3.1.1. Geographical condition…………………………………………..….13

3.1.2. Topography condition…………………………………………..…...13

3.2. Social-economic condition ………………………………………...17

CHAPTER IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION………………………………18

4.1. The diversity of timber species on VNUF‟s campus………………….18

4.1.1. The diversity of indigenous timber species………………………….18

4.1.2. The variation in uses values…………………………………………20

4.2. The composition of rare trees and high values species………………..23

4.3. The data of some important species in VNUF‟s campus ……………..25

4.4. Proposing some effective solutions, uses, and management of

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indigenous timbers in the research area……………………………………61

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION………………...62

5.1 Conclusion……………………………………………………………..62

5.2 Recommendation……………………………………………………….63

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LIST OF TABLE

Table 2.1: The list of transcect lines in study site table ....................................... 9

Table 2.2: The list of zones in study site table .................................................... 9

Table 2.3: Investigation by set zones................................................................ 10

Table 2.4: The investigated table ...................................................................... 11

Table 2.5. The additional indigenous tree species............................................. 12

Table 4.1. The 10 families rank first in total species number........................... 18

Table 4.2. The families have only one species.................................................. 19

Table 4.3. The value groups of trees................................................................. 23

Table 4.4. The table of Threatened tree species in VNUF‟s.............................. 23

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INTRODUCTION

Vietnam, due to its high and globally significant biodiversity values is

recognized as one of the nations where the conservation of biodiversity should

be prioritized. Vietnam became a signatory to the United Nations Convention on

Biological Diversity (CBD) in 1994. Since then, the Government of Vietnam

has taken a solid interest and made a substantial investment in both human and

financial resources in order to implement its commitments and obligations under

the Convention.

Biodiversity plays a very important role in the socio-economic and

environmental development of Vietnam. It also plays a vital role in the provision

of biodiversity services (provisioning services, regulatory services, cultural

services and support services). Through these services, biodiversity makes a

significant contribution to the national economy, providing a basis for ensuring

food security; maintaining genetic resources of animals and plants; and

providing materials for construction, fuel and pharmaceutical resources.

The recent change in Vietnam‟s biodiversity is reflected in a variety of

ways and aspects: although the area of Vietnam‟s forest cover has increased,

much of this increase has been due to the planting of production forest; overall

the habitat for wildlife is decreasing as a result of land conversion; overall the

status of rare and endangered species is declining sharply; and both inland water

and marine ecosystems are being degraded due to inappropriate exploitative

activities.

Biodiversity in Vietnam is currently is facing many threats. Pressure from

the increasing human population combined with an increasing level of

consumption is resulting in overexploitation of biodiversity resources. Rapid

socio-economic development has also changed the natural landscape. Land

conversion and infrastructure construction has significantly reduced the area of

natural habitats, increased ecosystem fragmentation, and degraded the habitats

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of many species of wild plants and animals. Natural resources, especially

biological resources, are undergoing overexploitation and timber, non-timber

and aquatic products are particularly vulnerable. In addition, alien species,

environment pollution and climate change are all directly impacting on the

biodiversity of Vietnam. In addition, the level of effort to manage the

biodiversity resources of Vietnam is still insufficient. The system of state

management agencies responsible for biodiversity remains fragmented and weak

- laws and regulations to protect biodiversity are still unsystematic and lacking

in policy conformity; community involvement is yet to be adequately mobilized;

planning for national, regional and provincial biodiversity conservation has not

been implemented in a systematic manner; and investment in biodiversity

conservation and development remains highly limited.

Vietnam National University of Forestry is a famous university which

becomes a leading and highly prestigious university in Vietnam with diversified

training and education activities in the following sectors: Forestry, Forest

Resources Management, Environment, Forestry Industry, Rural Development,

and others. Over the years, more than 4,000 masters, 100 doctors, over 45,000

undergraduate students, and 500 trainees with intermediate and primary level

have graduated from this university. They have been contributing important

roles to the development of the forestry sector and national economic

development; many of them are holding the key positions of the country (from

central to local government). Since established up to now, there is much

scientific research conducted in this university such as soil composition, forest

ecology, plants… and so on. However, there are few detailed studies on tree

species in this area. Because of these reasons, I decided to conduct the thesis:

“Diversity of Timber tree species on the campus of Vietnam National

University of Forestry.

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CHAPTER I

OVERVIEW OF THESIS

1.1. Research on biodiversity in the world

The studies on plants have a long history but serious studies were born in

the middle of XIX. and XX. centuries. They are The flora of Hong Kong (1861),

The flora of Australia (1866), The flora of Northwest and central forests of India

(1874), The flora of India with 7 sections (1872 – 1897), The flora of Myanmar

(1877), The flora of Malaysia (1892 – 1925), The flora of Hainan (1972 – 1977),

The flora of Yunnan (1977).

From 1907 – 1952, H. Lecomte published “The flora of Indo – China”. In

this book, the author collected specimens, named, described vascular plant

species in the whole area of Viet Nam – Laos – Cambodia.

In Russia, from 1928 – 1932 was the early period for plants researching.

Tolmachop A.I‟s opinion “The investigation has just to conduct on large enough

area to ensure the abundance of life respective to the homogenous conditions of

terrain“. This is a Flora in a determined area as he said. Tolmachop estimated

that there are approximately 1500 - 2000 plants in a Flora located in a tropical

area with high moisture.

*Create a database for biodiversity data in the world

Biodiversity centers in the world play an important role in storing

specimens, promote training activities, scientific research and international

cooperation in biodiversity conservation. Chinese Biodiversity Information

System (CBIS) has a system of various types: plant, mammals, aquatic

organisms, microorganisms and marine organisms. It‟s a database on specimens,

botanic garden, seed bank, gene bank. The development in information allows

biodiversity center‟s websites searching on the information of organisms:

scientific name, vernacular name, etc.

National museum of nature in Indonesia or known as Cibinong – The

largest museum on nature in Southeast Asia with more than 7.5 million