Digital Libraries: 6th Italian Research Conference

Communications

in Computer and Information Science 91

Maristella Agosti Floriana Esposito

Costantino Thanos (Eds.)

Digital Libraries

6th Italian Research Conference, IRCDL 2010

Padua, Italy, January 28-29, 2010

Revised Selected Papers

13

Volume Editors

Maristella Agosti

Università degli Studi di Padova

Padua, Italy

E-mail: [email protected]

Floriana Esposito

Università di Bari

Bari, Italy

E-mail: [email protected]

Costantino Thanos

Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie

dell’Informazione "Alessandro Faedo"

Pisa, Italy

E-mail: [email protected]

Library of Congress Control Number: Applied for

CR Subject Classification (1998): H.3, H.5, H.4, J.1, H.2, H.2.8

ISSN 1865-0929

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Preface

This volume contains the revised accepted papers from among those presented at

the 6th Italian Research Conference on Digital Libraries (IRCDL 2010), which

was held in the Department of Information Engineering of the University of

Padua, Italy, during January 28–29, 2010.

The well-established aim of IRCDL is to bring together Italian researchers

interested in the different methods and techniques that allow the building and

operation of Digital Libraries. A national Program Committee was set up com￾posed of 15 members, with representatives of the most active Italian research

groups on Digital Libraries.

Seventeen of the papers presented at the conference were accepted for in￾clusion in this volume. Selected authors submitted expanded versions of their

workshop papers. Those papers were reviewed again and the results of the selec￾tion are the papers appearing in these proceedings. The covered topics testifying

to the bright interests of the community are:

– System Interoperability and Data Integration including emerging interoper￾ability issues and technologies promoting interoperability

– Infrastructures, Metadata Creation and Content Management for Digital

Libraries, such as methods and techniques for text summarization and key

phrase extraction, ontology-based annotation, event-centric provenance mod￾els, semantic relatedness

– Information Access and Search for Digital Library Systems from mathe￾matical symbol indexing to term-based text retrieval and disambiguation

techniques, from audio-based information retrieval to video content-based

identification, classification and retrieval

– User Interfaces for Digital Libraries including interactive visual representa￾tions, collaborative user interfaces, multimodal user interface for multimedia

Digital Libraries, personalization models

The volume also contains the reports on the two keynote addresses and a

communication on a relevant national project.

This year is the first time that the IRCDL proceedings have been published

in the Springer CCIS series.

The IRCDL series of national conferences was originally conceived and or￾ganized in the context of the activities of DELOS, the Network of Excellence

on Digital Libraries (http://www.delos.info/), partially funded by the European

Union under the Sixth Framework Program from 2004 to 2007. The first IRCDL

conference took place in 2005, as an opportunity for Italian researchers to present

recent results on their research activities related to the wide world of Digital Li￾braries. In particular, young researchers were (and still are) invited to submit

the results of their ongoing research, to be presented in a friendly and relaxed

atmosphere, to facilitate constructive discussion and exchange of opinions.

VI Preface

Thanks to the initial support of DELOS, and later on to the support of

both the DELOS Association and the Department of Information Engineering

of the University of Padua, IRCDL continued in the subsequent years and has

become a fixture as a yearly meeting point for the Italian researchers on Digital

Libraries and related topics. Detailed information about IRCDL can be found

at the conference home page (http://ims.dei.unipd.it/ircdl/home.html), which

also contains links to IRCDL editions.

Here we would like to thank those institutions and individuals who made

this conference possible: the Program Committee members, the Department of

Information Engineering of the University of Padua, the members of the same

department who contributed to the organization of the event, namely, Maria

Bernini, Emanuele Di Buccio, Marco Dussin, and Nicola Montecchio, and the

members of the University of Padua Library Centre who contributed to the

organization of the registration and management of the on-line presentations,

namely, Yuri Carrer, Francesca Moro, and Ornella Volpato. Finally, we take this

opportunity to also thank Fabrizio Falchi of ISTI CNR of Pisa who helped in

the revision of the final papers.

To conclude, we would like to point out that, in addition to the enthusiastic

participation of the young researchers and the good will of the members of the

various committees, much of the credit for having the IRCDL series of confer￾ences today goes to DELOS. As a matter of fact, DELOS started its activities

more than ten years ago as a working group under the ESPRIT Program, then

continued as a Thematic Network under the Fifth Framework Program and af￾ter that as a Network of Excellence under the Sixth Framework Program. It

is generally recognized that during these years DELOS has made a substantial

contribution to the establishment in Europe of a research community on Digital

Libraries. At the end of 2007 the funding of the DELOS Network of Excellence

came to an end. In order to keep the “DELOS spirit” alive, a DELOS Association

was established as a not-for-profit organization, with the main aim of continuing

as much as possible the DELOS activities by promoting research activities in the

field of Digital Libraries. In this vein, there is also the commitment to supporting

the new edition of IRCDL, which, as customary, will be held in January 2011.

A call for participation for IRCDL 2011 will be circulated, but meanwhile

we invite all researchers having research interests in Digital Libraries to start

thinking about possible contributions to next year’s conference.

June 2010 Maristella Agosti

Floriana Esposito

Costantino Thanos

Organization

General Chair

Costantino Thanos ISTI CNR, Pisa

Program Chairs

Maristella Agosti University of Padua

Floriana Esposito University of Bari

Program Committee

Giuseppe Amato ISTI CNR, Pisa

Marco Bertini University of Florence

Leonardo Candela ISTI CNR, Pisa

Tiziana Catarci University of Rome “La Sapienza”

Alberto Del Bimbo University of Florence

Stefano Ferilli University of Bari

Nicola Ferro University of Padua

Maria Guercio University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”

Carlo Meghini ISTI CNR, Pisa

Nicola Orio University of Padua

Fausto Rabitti ISTI CNR, Pisa

Pasquale Savino ISTI CNR, Pisa

Anna Maria Tammaro University of Parma

Letizia Tanca Politecnico di Milano

Carlo Tasso University of Udine

Organizing Committee

Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua:

Maria Bernini

Emanuele Di Buccio

Marco Dussin

Nicola Montecchio

Library Centre - CAB, University of Padua:

Yuri Carrer

Francesca Moro

Ornella Volpato

VIII Organization

Supporting Institutions

IRCDL 2010 benefited from the support of the following organizations:

DELOS Association

Institute for Information Science and Technologies of the Italian National

Research Council (ISTI-CNR), Pisa, Italy

Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Italy

Table of Contents

Keynote Addresses

Digital Cultural Content: National and European Projects and

Strategies ....................................................... 1

Rossella Caffo

Archival Information Systems in Italy and the National Archival

Portal .......................................................... 5

Stefano Vitali

System Interoperability and Data Integration

Making Digital Library Content Interoperable ....................... 13

Leonardo Candela, Donatella Castelli, and Costantino Thanos

Integrating a Content-Based Recommender System into Digital

Libraries for Cultural Heritage ..................................... 27

Cataldo Musto, Fedelucio Narducci, Pasquale Lops,

Marco de Gemmis, and Giovanni Semeraro

Infrastructures, Metadata Creation and Management

Digital Stacks: Turning a Current Prototype into an Operational

Service ......................................................... 39

Giovanni Bergamin and Maurizio Messina

A First National Italian Register for Digital Resources for Both

Cultural and Scientific Communities (Communication)................ 47

Maurizio Lunghi

FAST and NESTOR: How to Exploit Annotation Hierarchies .......... 55

Nicola Ferro and Gianmaria Silvello

A New Domain Independent Keyphrase Extraction System ............ 67

Nirmala Pudota, Antonina Dattolo, Andrea Baruzzo, and

Carlo Tasso

An Event-Centric Provenance Model for Digital Libraries ............. 79

Donatella Castelli, Leonardo Candela, Paolo Manghi,

Pasquale Pagano, Cristina Tang, and Costantino Thanos

X Table of Contents

A Digital Library Effort to Support the Building of Grammatical

Resourcesfor Italian Dialects ...................................... 89

Maristella Agosti, Paola Beninc`a, Giorgio Maria Di Nunzio,

Riccardo Miotto, and Diego Pescarini

Representation, Indexing and Retrieval in Digital

Libraries

Interactive Visual Representations of Complex Information

Structures ...................................................... 101

Gianpaolo D’Amico, Alberto Del Bimbo, and Marco Meoni

Mathematical Symbol Indexing for Digital Libraries .................. 113

Simone Marinai, Beatrice Miotti, and Giovanni Soda

Using Explicit Word Co-occurrences to Improve Term-Based Text

Retrieval ........................................................ 125

Stefano Ferilli, Marenglen Biba, Teresa M.A. Basile, and

Floriana Esposito

Semantic Relatedness Approach for Named Entity Disambiguation ..... 137

Anna Lisa Gentile, Ziqi Zhang, Lei Xia, and Jos´e Iria

Merging Structural and Taxonomic Similarity for Text Retrieval Using

Relational Descriptions ........................................... 149

Stefano Ferilli, Marenglen Biba, Nicola Di Mauro,

Teresa M.A. Basile, and Floriana Esposito

Handling Audio-Visual and Non-traditional Objects

Audio Objects Access: Tools for the Preservation of the Cultural

Heritage ........................................................ 161

Sergio Canazza and Nicola Orio

Toward Conversation Retrieval .................................... 173

Matteo Magnani and Danilo Montesi

Improving Classification and Retrieval of Illuminated Manuscript with

Semantic Information............................................. 183

Costantino Grana, Daniele Borghesani, and Rita Cucchiara

Content-Based Cover Song Identification in Music Digital Libraries..... 195

Riccardo Miotto, Nicola Montecchio, and Nicola Orio

Toward an Audio Digital Library 2.0: Smash, a Social Music Archive of

SHellac Phonographic Discs ....................................... 205

Sergio Canazza and Antonina Dattolo

Author Index .................................................. 219

M. Agosti, F. Esposito, and C. Thanos (Eds.): IRCDL 2010, CCIS 91, pp. 1–4, 2010.

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010

Digital Cultural Content: National and European

Projects and Strategies

Rossella Caffo

Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali

Istituto centrale per il catalogo unico delle biblioteche italiane e per le informazioni

bibliografiche (ICCU)

Roma, Italy

Abstract. For many years the Central Institute for the Single Catalogue of Italian

Libraries (ICCU) of the Italian Ministry for Cultural Heritage has been involved

in the coordination of European and national projects that promote the digitiza￾tion and online accessibility of cultural heritage.

1 MINERVA (2002-2008) - www.minervaeurope.org

The first initiative coordinated by the Ministry was MINERVA, the network of the

ministries of culture of the Member States that worked for the harmonization of dig￾itization efforts. Between 2002 and 2008 MINERVA produced several results in terms

of concrete tools and strategic actions and today is recognized as a trustworthy name.

The project was articulated in three phases, each of them coordinated by MiBAC:

• 2002-2005: MINERVA

• 2004-2006: MINERVA Plus, aimed at enlarging the consortium to new

Member States (for a total of 29 countries, i.e. the current 27 Member States of

the European Union, plus Israel and Russia)

• 2006: MINERVA eC, on the basis of the achieved results, develops sup￾porting actions for the development of the European Digital Library, EU￾ROPEANA.

The MINERVA eC activities are related to:

• Workshops and seminars on:

o MINERVA tools for digitization of cultural heritage

o Quality of cultural websites

• Plenary meetings, in coordination with the rotating Presidency of the European

Union

• Guidelines and studies: IPR guidelines, technical guidelines, study on user needs,

report on content interoperability, best practice on digitization, cost reduction in

digitization, multilingualism, quality, accessibility and usability of contents, an￾nual report on digitization.

MINERVA operated through the coordination of national digitization policies and

programs and supported the National Representatives Group for digitization (NRG) in

2 R. Caffo

order to facilitate the creation of added value products and services shared at the

European level, to improve awareness of the state-of-the-art in the sector, to contribute

to overcoming fragmentation and duplication of digitization activities of cultural and

scientific content and to maximize cooperation among the Member States.

2 MICHAEL (2004-2008) - www.michael-culture.org

MICHAEL was a MINERVA spin-off; it has realized a European multilingual portal

which provides integrated access to European cultural heritage through the collections

of museums, libraries, archives and other cultural institutions and organizations.

MICHAEL has a distributed organization involving thousands of institutions be￾longing to every domain at the national, regional and local level.

At the national level MiBAC involved all its sectors and offices: State archives

(about 130), State libraries (almost 50), and hundreds of museums, heritage offices etc,

covered at the regional level through MiBAC Regional Directorates.

MiBAC stipulated cooperation agreements with all the 20 Italian Regions and with

Universities coordinated through CRUI-Padua University.

MICHAEL describes both the collections and its context. The MICHAEL data model

is suitable for describing digital collections belonging to all cultural heritage sectors

and recording related contextual information to Institutions (creator, owner, keeper,

manager), Projects / programs (funding), Services / products (giving access) and

Physical collections (represented full or in part).

The national MICHAEL portals can be visited at the following addresses:

Italy: http://www.michael-culture.it

Estonia: http://www.michael-culture.kul.ee

France: http://www.numerique.culture.fr

Germany: http://www.michael-portal.de

Greece: http://www.michael-culture.gr

Israel: http://www.michael-culture.org.il

Netherlands: http://www.michael-culture.nl

Spain: http://www.michael-culture.es

Finland: http://www.michael-culture.fi

Czech Republic : http://www.michael-culture.cz

Slovakia: http://www.michael-culture.sk

Sweden: http://www.michael-culture.se

The MICHAEL consortium (19 countries and 40 partners) has established an Interna￾tional Association, MICHAEL-Culture AISBL, to enable the service to be sustainable

and continue in the future. The MICHAEL-Culture Association is member of the

European Digital Library Foundation which is developing Europeana.

3 CULTURAITALIA - www.culturaitalia.it

CulturaItalia is the Italian Culture Portal. It is a cross-domain initiative based on the

results of past digitization projects coordinated by the Ministry (mainly MINERVA and

MICHAEL) and on the most widespread international interoperability standards.

Digital Cultural Content: National and European Projects and Strategies 3

In Italy, CulturaItalia is the first portal to offer a single and integrated access point to

Italian cultural heritage.

The Portal is a collaborative project since it is being carried out in cooperation be￾tween all the Ministry’s offices, the Regions, Universities, and private and local In￾stitutions.

CulturaItalia aims to communicate the various aspects of Italian culture (heritage,

landscape, cinema, music, literature etc.) and to make the digital cultural content

available to a wide audience.

CulturaItalia is organized as a unique index of data and metadata harvested from

several metadata repositories.

A specific Application Profile (PicoAp) has been developed for CulturaItalia to de￾scribe the digital objects and the tangible resources of all the cultural heritage sectors.

The metadata are described by the PICO-AP and classified through the PICO The￾saurus, a controlled vocabulary conceived for addressing the digital resources to the

index and the thematic menus.

Through metadata harvesting and the implementation of PicoAp, CulturaItalia is

therefore able to aggregate the digital resources of hundreds of Italian “digital libraries”.

CulturaItalia, like the other national multidisciplinary aggregators, can contribute to

Europeana by making available the databases, the cooperatives resources, the contacts

and the agreements stipulated with hundreds of Institutions.

CulturaItalia is the national aggregator towards Europeana, the European digital library.

4 ATHENA (2008-2011) - www.athenaeurope.org

Thanks to the results achieved by MINERVA, MICHAEL and CulturaItalia and to the

works carried out by the network of experts created within these projects, a new

European project, ATHENA, started at the beginning of November 2008.

ATEHNA is a best practice network financed by the European Commission eCon￾tentplus program and coordinated by MiBAC.

The consortium is made up of 20 Member states plus Israel, Russia, and Azerbaijan.

It involves 109 important museums and other European cultural institutions.

ATHENA aims to:

ƒ reinforce, support and encourage the participation of museums and other in￾stitutions coming from those sectors of cultural heritage not fully involved yet

in the EDL;

ƒ contribute to the integration of the different sectors of cultural heritage, in

cooperation with other projects more directly focused on libraries and ar￾chives, with the overall objective of merging all these different contributions

into the EDL;

ƒ develop a set of plug-ins to be integrated within the EDL, to facilitate access

to the digital content belonging to European museums.

ATHENA will also produce a set of scalable tools, recommendations and guidelines,

focusing on multilingualism and semantics, metadata and thesauri, data structures and

IPR issues, to be used within museums for supporting internal digitization activities

and facilitating the integration of their digital content into the EDL. All these outputs